This paper presents semi-analytical and analytical solutions for investigating the vibration,buckling,and post-buckling behavior of cylindrical shells surrounded by an elastic foundation and subjected to axial compres...This paper presents semi-analytical and analytical solutions for investigating the vibration,buckling,and post-buckling behavior of cylindrical shells surrounded by an elastic foundation and subjected to axial compression in a thermal environment.The shell’s central layer is composed of a functionally graded porous material,coated with two functionally graded layers and reinforced with rings,stringers,and spiral stiffeners.The governing equations of the shell are derived using Donnell’s theory with von Karman geometric nonlinearity.The Galerkin method and Runge–Kutta method are employed to determine the static and dynamic responses of the shell.Two radial deflection assumptions are considered to highlight their respective advantages and disadvantages.The reliability of the proposed model is demonstrated through comparison with results available in the literature.Additionally,the effects of various parameters—such as material properties,geometric dimensions,stiffener configurations,foundation characteristics,and temperature variations—on the static and dynamic buckling behavior of the shells are investigated.展开更多
This paper studies the optimization of mass and frequency for a polymeric conical shell reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets(GNPs).The volume fraction of the GNPs and the thickness of the shell change along the meri...This paper studies the optimization of mass and frequency for a polymeric conical shell reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets(GNPs).The volume fraction of the GNPs and the thickness of the shell change along the meridional direction.The modeling of the conical shell is conducted by the first-order shear deformation theory(FSDT),and the governing equations and boundary conditions are derived by Hamilton's principle.A semi-analytical solution is presented,including an analytical solution carried out in the circumferential direction and a numerical solution conducted in the meridional direction utilizing the differential quadrature method(DQM).To maximize the fundamental frequency and minimize the mass,the particle swarm optimization(PSO)is utilized,taking into account some constraints on the minimum thickness of the shell and the maximum volume fraction of the GNPs.The optimization process involves finding the optimal profiles of thickness and volume fraction of the GNPs.展开更多
The dynamics of functionally-graded(FG) sandwich shells with varied pore distributions in thermal environments is investigated,focusing on their free vibration behaviors and sound transmission loss(STL) characteristic...The dynamics of functionally-graded(FG) sandwich shells with varied pore distributions in thermal environments is investigated,focusing on their free vibration behaviors and sound transmission loss(STL) characteristics.The effective material parameters are calculated by integrating the graded distribution through three distinct pore distribution laws.The dynamic governing equations are derived by means of the first-order shear deformation theory,guided by Hamilton's principle.The solutions for the natural frequency and acoustic transmission loss factor are obtained from the shell's free vibration general solution and the acoustic displacement function,respectively.A detailed numerical analysis is conducted to assess the impacts of the structural and geometric parameters,as well as the ambient temperature,on the vibro-acoustic properties.The results indicate that vibro-acoustic coupling is most significant in shells with a symmetric non-uniform pore distribution,and the resonance frequency shifts towards lower frequencies as the power-law index increases.These findings offer valuable insights for enhancing the design of materials aimed at vibration damping and acoustic management.展开更多
In this study,an improved integrated radial basis function with nonuniform shape parameter is introduced.The proposed shape parameter varies in each support domain and is defined byθ=1/dmax,where dmaxis the max...In this study,an improved integrated radial basis function with nonuniform shape parameter is introduced.The proposed shape parameter varies in each support domain and is defined byθ=1/dmax,where dmaxis the maximum distance of any pair of nodes in the support domain.The proposed method is verified and shows good performance.The results are stable and accurate with any number of nodes and an arbitrary nodal distribution.Notably,the support domain should be large enough to obtain accurate results.This method is then applied for transient analysis of curved shell structures made from functionally graded materials with complex geometries.Through several numerical examples,the accuracy of the proposed approach is demonstrated and discussed.Additionally,the influence of various factors on the dynamic behavior of the structures,including the power-law index,different materials,loading conditions,and geometrical parameters of the structures,was investigated.展开更多
In this paper,the isogeometric analysis(IGA)method is employed to analyze the oscillation characteristics of functionally graded triply periodic minimal surface(FG-TPMS)curved-doubly shells integrated with magneto-ele...In this paper,the isogeometric analysis(IGA)method is employed to analyze the oscillation characteristics of functionally graded triply periodic minimal surface(FG-TPMS)curved-doubly shells integrated with magneto-electric surface layers(referred to as"FG-TPMS-MEE curved-doubly shells")subjected to low-velocity impact loads.This study presents low-velocity impact load model based on a single springmass(S-M)approach.The FG-TPMS-MEE curved-doubly shells are covered with two magneto-electric surface layers,while the core layer consists of three types:I-graph and Wrapped Package-graph(IWP),Gyroid(G),and Primitive(P),with various graded functions.These types are notable for their exceptional stiffness-to-weight ratios,enabling a wide range of potential applications.The Maxwell equations and electromagnetic boundary conditions are applied to compute the change in electric potentials and magnetic potentials.The equilibrium equations of the shell are derived from a refined higher-order shear deformation theory(HSDT),and the transient responses of the FG-TPMS-MEE curveddoubly shells are subsequently determined using Newmark's direct integration method.These results have applications in structural vibration control and the analysis of structures subjected to impact or explosive loads.Furthermore,this study provides a theoretical prediction of the low-velocity impact load and magneto-electric-elastic effects on the free vibration and transient response of FG-TPMS-MEE curved-doubly shells.展开更多
The nonlinear traveling wave vibration of rotating ferromagnetic functionally graded(FG)cylindrical shells under multi-physics fields is investigated.Grounded in the Kirchhoff-Love thin shell theory,the geometric nonl...The nonlinear traveling wave vibration of rotating ferromagnetic functionally graded(FG)cylindrical shells under multi-physics fields is investigated.Grounded in the Kirchhoff-Love thin shell theory,the geometric nonlinearity is incorporated into the model,and the constitutive equations are derived.The physical parameters of functionally graded materials(FGMs),which exhibit continuous variation across the thickness gradient,are of particular interest.The nonlinear magneto-thermoelastic governing equations are derived in accord with Hamilton's principle.The nonlinear partial differential equations are discretized with the Galerkin method,and the analytical expression of traveling wave frequencies is derived with an approximate method.The accuracy of the proposed method is validated through the comparison with the results from the literature and numerical solutions.Finally,the visualization analyses are conducted to examine the effects of key parameters on the traveling wave frequencies.The results show that the factors including the power-law index,temperature,magnetic field intensity,and rotating speed have the coupling effects with respect to the nonlinear vibration behavior.展开更多
An analytical method for the three-dimensional vibration analysis of a functionally graded cylindrical shell integrated by two thin functionally graded piezoelectric (FGP) layers is presented. The first-order shear ...An analytical method for the three-dimensional vibration analysis of a functionally graded cylindrical shell integrated by two thin functionally graded piezoelectric (FGP) layers is presented. The first-order shear deformation theory is used to model the electromechanical system. Nonlinear equations of motion are derived by considering the von Karman nonlinear strain-displacement relations using Hamilton's principle. The piezoelectric layers on the inner and outer surfaces of the core can be considered as a sensor and an actuator for controlling characteristic vibration of the system. The equations of motion are derived as partial differential equations and then discretized by the Navier method. Numerical simulation is performed to investigate the effect of different para- meters of material and geometry on characteristic vibration of the cylinder. The results of this study show that the natural frequency of the system decreases by increasing the non-homogeneous index of FGP layers and decreases by increasing the non-homogeneous index of the functionally graded core. Furthermore, it is concluded that by increasing the ratio of core thickness to cylinder length, the natural frequencies of the cylinder increase considerably.展开更多
In this article, the nonlinear dynamic responses of sandwich functionally graded(FG) porous cylindrical shell embedded in elastic media are investigated. The shell studied here consists of three layers, of which the o...In this article, the nonlinear dynamic responses of sandwich functionally graded(FG) porous cylindrical shell embedded in elastic media are investigated. The shell studied here consists of three layers, of which the outer and inner skins are made of solid metal, while the core is FG porous metal foam. Partial differential equations are derived by utilizing the improved Donnell's nonlinear shell theory and Hamilton's principle. Afterwards, the Galerkin method is used to transform the governing equations into nonlinear ordinary differential equations, and an approximate analytical solution is obtained by using the multiple scales method. The effects of various system parameters,specifically, the radial load, core thickness, foam type, foam coefficient, structure damping,and Winkler-Pasternak foundation parameters on nonlinear internal resonance of the sandwich FG porous thin shells are evaluated.展开更多
The nonlinear analysis with an analytical approach on dynamic torsional buckling of stiffened functionally graded thin toroidal shell segments is investigated. The shell is reinforced by inside stiffeners and surround...The nonlinear analysis with an analytical approach on dynamic torsional buckling of stiffened functionally graded thin toroidal shell segments is investigated. The shell is reinforced by inside stiffeners and surrounded by elastic foundations in a thermal environment and under a time-dependent torsional load. The governing equations are derived based on the Donnell shell theory with the yon Karman geometrical nonlinearity, the Stein and McElman assumption, the smeared stiffeners technique, and the Galerkin method. A deflection function with three terms is chosen. The thermal parameters of the uniform temperature rise and nonlinear temperature conduction law are found in an explicit form. A closed-form expression for determining the static critical torsional load is obtained. A critical dynamic torsional load is found by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method and the Budiansky-Roth criterion. The effects of stiffeners, foundations, material, and dimensional parameters on dynamic responses of shells are considered.展开更多
The free thermal vibration of functionally graded material(FGM) cylindrical shells containing porosities is investigated. Both even distribution and uneven distribution are taken into account. In addition, three therm...The free thermal vibration of functionally graded material(FGM) cylindrical shells containing porosities is investigated. Both even distribution and uneven distribution are taken into account. In addition, three thermal load types, i.e., uniform temperature rise(UTR), nonlinear temperature rise(NLTR), and linear temperature rise(LTR), are researched to explore their effects on the vibration characteristics of porous FGM cylindrical shells. A modified power-law formulation is used to describe the material properties of FGM shells in the thickness direction. Love’s shell theory is used to formulate the straindisplacement equations, and the Rayleigh-Ritz method is utilized to calculate the natural frequencies of the system. The results show that the natural frequencies are affected by the porosity volume fraction, constituent volume fraction, and thermal load. Moreover,the natural frequencies obtained from the LTR have insignificant differences compared with those from the NLTR. Due to the calculation complexity of the NLTR, we propose that it is reasonable to replace it by its linear counterpart for the analysis of thin porous FGM cylindrical shells. The present results are verified in comparison with the published ones in the literature.展开更多
In this study,the first-order shear deformation theory(FSDT)is used to establish a nonlinear dynamic model for a conical shell truncated by a functionally graded graphene platelet-reinforced composite(FG-GPLRC).The vi...In this study,the first-order shear deformation theory(FSDT)is used to establish a nonlinear dynamic model for a conical shell truncated by a functionally graded graphene platelet-reinforced composite(FG-GPLRC).The vibration analyses of the FG-GPLRC truncated conical shell are presented.Considering the graphene platelets(GPLs)of the FG-GPLRC truncated conical shell with three different distribution patterns,the modified Halpin-Tsai model is used to calculate the effective Young’s modulus.Hamilton’s principle,the FSDT,and the von-Karman type nonlinear geometric relationships are used to derive a system of partial differential governing equations of the FG-GPLRC truncated conical shell.The Galerkin method is used to obtain the ordinary differential equations of the truncated conical shell.Then,the analytical nonlinear frequencies of the FG-GPLRC truncated conical shell are solved by the harmonic balance method.The effects of the weight fraction and distribution pattern of the GPLs,the ratio of the length to the radius as well as the ratio of the radius to the thickness of the FG-GPLRC truncated conical shell on the nonlinear natural frequency characteristics are discussed.This study culminates in the discovery of the periodic motion and chaotic motion of the FG-GPLRC truncated conical shell.展开更多
An analytical solution for buckling of an eccentrically stiffened sandwich truncated conical shell is investigated. The shell consists of two functionally graded material (FGM) coating layers and a core layer which ...An analytical solution for buckling of an eccentrically stiffened sandwich truncated conical shell is investigated. The shell consists of two functionally graded material (FGM) coating layers and a core layer which are metal or ceramic subjected to an axial compressive load and an external uniform pressure. Shells are reinforced by stringers and rings, in which the material properties of shells and stiffeners are graded in the thickness direction following a general sigmoid law distribution. Two models of coated shell-stiffener arrangements are investigated. The change of the spacing between stringers in the meridional direction is taken into account. A couple set of three-variable- coefficient partial differential equations in terms of displacement components are solved by the Galerkin method. A closed-form expression for determining the buckling load is obtained. The numerical examples are presented and compared with previous works.展开更多
In this paper, Donnell's shell theory and smeared stiffeners technique are improved to analyze the postbuckling and buckling behaviors of circular cylindrical shells of stiffened thin functionally graded material (...In this paper, Donnell's shell theory and smeared stiffeners technique are improved to analyze the postbuckling and buckling behaviors of circular cylindrical shells of stiffened thin functionally graded material (FGM) sandwich under an axial loading on elastic foundations, and the shells are considered in a thermal environment. The shells are stiffened by FGM rings and stringers. A general sigmoid law and a general power law are proposed. Thermal elements of the shells and reinforcement stiffeners are considered. Explicit expressions to find critical loads and postbuckling load-deflection curves are obtained by applying the Galerkin method and choosing the three-term approximate solution of deflection. Numerical results show various effects of temperature, elastic foundation, stiffeners, material and geometrical properties, and the ratio between face sheet thickness and total thickness on the nonlinear behavior of shells.展开更多
Love's first approximation theory is used to analyze the natural frequencies of rotating functionally graded cylindrical shells. To verify the validity of the present method, the natural frequencies of the simply sup...Love's first approximation theory is used to analyze the natural frequencies of rotating functionally graded cylindrical shells. To verify the validity of the present method, the natural frequencies of the simply supported non-rotating isotropic cylindrical shell and the functionally graded cylindrical shell are compared with available published results. Good agreement is obtained. The effects of the power law index, the wave numbers along the x- and O-directions, and the thickness-to-radius ratio on the natural frequencies of the simply supported rotating functionally graded cylindrical shell are investigated by several numerical examples. It is found that the fundamental frequencies of the backward waves increase with the increasing rotating speed, the fundamental frequencies of the forward waves decrease with the increasing rotating speed, and the forward and backward waves frequencies increase with the increasing thickness-to-radius ratio.展开更多
The nonlinear stability of sandwich cylindrical shells comprising porous functionally graded material(FGM) and carbon nanotube reinforced composite(CNTRC)layers subjected to uniform temperature rise is investigated. T...The nonlinear stability of sandwich cylindrical shells comprising porous functionally graded material(FGM) and carbon nanotube reinforced composite(CNTRC)layers subjected to uniform temperature rise is investigated. Two sandwich models corresponding to CNTRC and FGM face sheets are proposed. Carbon nanotubes(CNTs) in the CNTRC layer are embedded into a matrix according to functionally graded distributions. The effects of porosity in the FGM and the temperature dependence of properties of all constituent materials are considered. The effective properties of the porous FGM and CNTRC are determined by using the modified and extended versions of a linear mixture rule, respectively. The basic equations governing the stability problem of thin sandwich cylindrical shells are established within the framework of the Donnell shell theory including the von K’arm’an-Donnell nonlinearity. These equations are solved by using the multi-term analytical solutions and the Galerkin method for simply supported shells.The critical buckling temperatures and postbuckling paths are determined through an iteration procedure. The study reveals that the sandwich shell model with a CNTRC core layer and relatively thin porous FGM face sheets can have the best capacity of thermal load carrying. In addition, unlike the cases of mechanical loads, porosities have beneficial effects on the nonlinear stability of sandwich shells under the thermal load. It is suggested that an appropriate combination of advantages of FGM and CNTRC can result in optimal efficiency for advanced sandwich structures.展开更多
Thermal buckling behavior of cylindrical shell made of functionally graded material(FGM) is studied. The material constituents are composed of ceramic and metal.The material properties across the shell thickness are...Thermal buckling behavior of cylindrical shell made of functionally graded material(FGM) is studied. The material constituents are composed of ceramic and metal.The material properties across the shell thickness are assumed to be graded according to a simple power law distribution in terms of the volume fraction rule of mixtures. Based on the Donnell shell theory, a system of dimensionless partial differential equations of buckling in terms of displacement components is derived. The method of separation of variables is used to transform the governing equations to ordinary differential equations(ODEs). A shooting method is used to search for the numerical solutions of the differential equations under two types of boundary conditions. Effects of the power law index, the dimensionless geometrical parameters, and the temperature ratio on the critical buckling temperature are discussed in detail.展开更多
In this pap er, a novel size-dep endent functionally graded (FG) cylindrical shell model is develop ed based on the nonlocal strain gradient theory in conjunction with the Gurtin-Murdoch surface elasticity theory . Th...In this pap er, a novel size-dep endent functionally graded (FG) cylindrical shell model is develop ed based on the nonlocal strain gradient theory in conjunction with the Gurtin-Murdoch surface elasticity theory . The new model containing a nonlocal parameter, a material length scale parameter, and several surface elastic constants can capture three typical typ es of size e ects simultaneously , which are the nonlocal stress ef- fect, the strain gradient e ect, and the surface energy e ects. With the help of Hamilton’s principle and rst-order shear deformation theory , the non-classical governing equations and related b oundary conditions are derived. By using the prop osed model, the free vibra- tion problem of FG cylindrical nanoshells with material prop erties varying continuously through the thickness according to a p ower-law distribution is analytically solved, and the closed-form solutions for natural frequencies under various b oundary conditions are obtained. After verifying the reliability of the prop osed model and analytical method by comparing the degenerated results with those available in the literature, the in uences of nonlocal parameter, material length scale parameter, p ower-law index, radius-to-thickness ratio, length-to-radius ratio, and surface e ects on the vibration characteristic of func- tionally graded cylindrical nanoshells are examined in detail.展开更多
This study examines the wave propagation characteristics for a bi-directional functional grading of barium titanate(BaTiO3) and cobalt ferrite(CoFe2O4) porous nanoshells,the porosity distribution of which is ...This study examines the wave propagation characteristics for a bi-directional functional grading of barium titanate(BaTiO3) and cobalt ferrite(CoFe2O4) porous nanoshells,the porosity distribution of which is simulated by the honeycomb-shaped symmetrical and asymmetrical distribution functions.The nonlocal strain gradient theory(NSGT) and first-order shear deformation theory are used to determine the size effect and shear deformation,respectively.Nonlocal governing equations are derived for the nanoshells by Hamilton's principle.The resulting dimensionless differential equations are solved by means of an analytical solution of the combined exponential function after dimensionless treatment.Finally,extensive parametric surveys are conducted to investigate the influence of diverse parameters,such as dimensionless scale parameters,radiusto-thickness ratios,bi-directional functionally graded(FG) indices,porosity coefficients,and dimensionless electromagnetic potentials on the wave propagation characteristics.Based on the analysis results,the effect of the dimensionless scale parameters on the dispersion relationship is found to be related to the ratio of the scale parameters.The wave propagation characteristics of nanoshells in the presence of a magnetoelectric field depend on the bi-directional FG indices.展开更多
The present paper presents the three-dimensional magneto-thermo-elastic analysis of the functionally graded cylindrical shell immersed in applied thermal and magnetic fields under non-uniform internal pressure. The in...The present paper presents the three-dimensional magneto-thermo-elastic analysis of the functionally graded cylindrical shell immersed in applied thermal and magnetic fields under non-uniform internal pressure. The inhomogeneity of the shell is assumed to vary along the radial direction according to a power law function, whereas Poisson's ratio is supposed to be constant through the thickness. The existing equations in terms of the displacement components, temperature, and magnetic parameters are derived, and then the effective differential quadrature method (DQM) is used to acquire the analytical solution. Based on the DQM, the governing heat differential equations and edge boundary conditions are transformed into algebraic equations, and discretized in the series form. The effects of the gradient index and rapid temperature on the displacement, stress components, temperature, and induced magnetic field are graphically illustrated. The fast convergence of the method is demonstrated and compared with the results obtained by the finite element method (FEM).展开更多
Based on the fundamental dynamic equations of functionally graded material(FGM)cylindrical shell,this paper investigates the sound radiation of vibrational FGM shell in water by mobility method.This model takes into a...Based on the fundamental dynamic equations of functionally graded material(FGM)cylindrical shell,this paper investigates the sound radiation of vibrational FGM shell in water by mobility method.This model takes into account the exterior fluid loading due to the sound press radiated by the FGM shell.The FGM cylindrical shell was excited by a harmonic line radial force uniformly distributing along the generator.The FGM shell equations of motion,the Helmholtz equation in the exterior fluid medium and the continuity equation at fluid-shell interface are used in this vibroacoustic problem.The expressions of sound radiation efficiency and sound field of the FGM shell have been derived by mobility method.Radiation efficiency,modal mobility and the directivity pattern of the sound field are solved numerically.In particular,radiation efficiency and directivity pattern with various power law index are analyzed.展开更多
摘要This paper presents semi-analytical and analytical solutions for investigating the vibration,buckling,and post-buckling behavior of cylindrical shells surrounded by an elastic foundation and subjected to axial compression in a thermal environment.The shell’s central layer is composed of a functionally graded porous material,coated with two functionally graded layers and reinforced with rings,stringers,and spiral stiffeners.The governing equations of the shell are derived using Donnell’s theory with von Karman geometric nonlinearity.The Galerkin method and Runge–Kutta method are employed to determine the static and dynamic responses of the shell.Two radial deflection assumptions are considered to highlight their respective advantages and disadvantages.The reliability of the proposed model is demonstrated through comparison with results available in the literature.Additionally,the effects of various parameters—such as material properties,geometric dimensions,stiffener configurations,foundation characteristics,and temperature variations—on the static and dynamic buckling behavior of the shells are investigated.
摘要This paper studies the optimization of mass and frequency for a polymeric conical shell reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets(GNPs).The volume fraction of the GNPs and the thickness of the shell change along the meridional direction.The modeling of the conical shell is conducted by the first-order shear deformation theory(FSDT),and the governing equations and boundary conditions are derived by Hamilton's principle.A semi-analytical solution is presented,including an analytical solution carried out in the circumferential direction and a numerical solution conducted in the meridional direction utilizing the differential quadrature method(DQM).To maximize the fundamental frequency and minimize the mass,the particle swarm optimization(PSO)is utilized,taking into account some constraints on the minimum thickness of the shell and the maximum volume fraction of the GNPs.The optimization process involves finding the optimal profiles of thickness and volume fraction of the GNPs.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U1934203)。
摘要The dynamics of functionally-graded(FG) sandwich shells with varied pore distributions in thermal environments is investigated,focusing on their free vibration behaviors and sound transmission loss(STL) characteristics.The effective material parameters are calculated by integrating the graded distribution through three distinct pore distribution laws.The dynamic governing equations are derived by means of the first-order shear deformation theory,guided by Hamilton's principle.The solutions for the natural frequency and acoustic transmission loss factor are obtained from the shell's free vibration general solution and the acoustic displacement function,respectively.A detailed numerical analysis is conducted to assess the impacts of the structural and geometric parameters,as well as the ambient temperature,on the vibro-acoustic properties.The results indicate that vibro-acoustic coupling is most significant in shells with a symmetric non-uniform pore distribution,and the resonance frequency shifts towards lower frequencies as the power-law index increases.These findings offer valuable insights for enhancing the design of materials aimed at vibration damping and acoustic management.
基金Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), VNU-HCM for supporting this study
摘要In this study,an improved integrated radial basis function with nonuniform shape parameter is introduced.The proposed shape parameter varies in each support domain and is defined byθ=1/dmax,where dmaxis the maximum distance of any pair of nodes in the support domain.The proposed method is verified and shows good performance.The results are stable and accurate with any number of nodes and an arbitrary nodal distribution.Notably,the support domain should be large enough to obtain accurate results.This method is then applied for transient analysis of curved shell structures made from functionally graded materials with complex geometries.Through several numerical examples,the accuracy of the proposed approach is demonstrated and discussed.Additionally,the influence of various factors on the dynamic behavior of the structures,including the power-law index,different materials,loading conditions,and geometrical parameters of the structures,was investigated.
摘要In this paper,the isogeometric analysis(IGA)method is employed to analyze the oscillation characteristics of functionally graded triply periodic minimal surface(FG-TPMS)curved-doubly shells integrated with magneto-electric surface layers(referred to as"FG-TPMS-MEE curved-doubly shells")subjected to low-velocity impact loads.This study presents low-velocity impact load model based on a single springmass(S-M)approach.The FG-TPMS-MEE curved-doubly shells are covered with two magneto-electric surface layers,while the core layer consists of three types:I-graph and Wrapped Package-graph(IWP),Gyroid(G),and Primitive(P),with various graded functions.These types are notable for their exceptional stiffness-to-weight ratios,enabling a wide range of potential applications.The Maxwell equations and electromagnetic boundary conditions are applied to compute the change in electric potentials and magnetic potentials.The equilibrium equations of the shell are derived from a refined higher-order shear deformation theory(HSDT),and the transient responses of the FG-TPMS-MEE curveddoubly shells are subsequently determined using Newmark's direct integration method.These results have applications in structural vibration control and the analysis of structures subjected to impact or explosive loads.Furthermore,this study provides a theoretical prediction of the low-velocity impact load and magneto-electric-elastic effects on the free vibration and transient response of FG-TPMS-MEE curved-doubly shells.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12172321)。
摘要The nonlinear traveling wave vibration of rotating ferromagnetic functionally graded(FG)cylindrical shells under multi-physics fields is investigated.Grounded in the Kirchhoff-Love thin shell theory,the geometric nonlinearity is incorporated into the model,and the constitutive equations are derived.The physical parameters of functionally graded materials(FGMs),which exhibit continuous variation across the thickness gradient,are of particular interest.The nonlinear magneto-thermoelastic governing equations are derived in accord with Hamilton's principle.The nonlinear partial differential equations are discretized with the Galerkin method,and the analytical expression of traveling wave frequencies is derived with an approximate method.The accuracy of the proposed method is validated through the comparison with the results from the literature and numerical solutions.Finally,the visualization analyses are conducted to examine the effects of key parameters on the traveling wave frequencies.The results show that the factors including the power-law index,temperature,magnetic field intensity,and rotating speed have the coupling effects with respect to the nonlinear vibration behavior.
基金supported by the University of Kashan(Nos.574613/01 and 574619/02)
摘要An analytical method for the three-dimensional vibration analysis of a functionally graded cylindrical shell integrated by two thin functionally graded piezoelectric (FGP) layers is presented. The first-order shear deformation theory is used to model the electromechanical system. Nonlinear equations of motion are derived by considering the von Karman nonlinear strain-displacement relations using Hamilton's principle. The piezoelectric layers on the inner and outer surfaces of the core can be considered as a sensor and an actuator for controlling characteristic vibration of the system. The equations of motion are derived as partial differential equations and then discretized by the Navier method. Numerical simulation is performed to investigate the effect of different para- meters of material and geometry on characteristic vibration of the cylinder. The results of this study show that the natural frequency of the system decreases by increasing the non-homogeneous index of FGP layers and decreases by increasing the non-homogeneous index of the functionally graded core. Furthermore, it is concluded that by increasing the ratio of core thickness to cylinder length, the natural frequencies of the cylinder increase considerably.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11972204)。
摘要In this article, the nonlinear dynamic responses of sandwich functionally graded(FG) porous cylindrical shell embedded in elastic media are investigated. The shell studied here consists of three layers, of which the outer and inner skins are made of solid metal, while the core is FG porous metal foam. Partial differential equations are derived by utilizing the improved Donnell's nonlinear shell theory and Hamilton's principle. Afterwards, the Galerkin method is used to transform the governing equations into nonlinear ordinary differential equations, and an approximate analytical solution is obtained by using the multiple scales method. The effects of various system parameters,specifically, the radial load, core thickness, foam type, foam coefficient, structure damping,and Winkler-Pasternak foundation parameters on nonlinear internal resonance of the sandwich FG porous thin shells are evaluated.
基金supported by the Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development(No.107.02-2015.11)
摘要The nonlinear analysis with an analytical approach on dynamic torsional buckling of stiffened functionally graded thin toroidal shell segments is investigated. The shell is reinforced by inside stiffeners and surrounded by elastic foundations in a thermal environment and under a time-dependent torsional load. The governing equations are derived based on the Donnell shell theory with the yon Karman geometrical nonlinearity, the Stein and McElman assumption, the smeared stiffeners technique, and the Galerkin method. A deflection function with three terms is chosen. The thermal parameters of the uniform temperature rise and nonlinear temperature conduction law are found in an explicit form. A closed-form expression for determining the static critical torsional load is obtained. A critical dynamic torsional load is found by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method and the Budiansky-Roth criterion. The effects of stiffeners, foundations, material, and dimensional parameters on dynamic responses of shells are considered.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11672071)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.N170504023)
摘要The free thermal vibration of functionally graded material(FGM) cylindrical shells containing porosities is investigated. Both even distribution and uneven distribution are taken into account. In addition, three thermal load types, i.e., uniform temperature rise(UTR), nonlinear temperature rise(NLTR), and linear temperature rise(LTR), are researched to explore their effects on the vibration characteristics of porous FGM cylindrical shells. A modified power-law formulation is used to describe the material properties of FGM shells in the thickness direction. Love’s shell theory is used to formulate the straindisplacement equations, and the Rayleigh-Ritz method is utilized to calculate the natural frequencies of the system. The results show that the natural frequencies are affected by the porosity volume fraction, constituent volume fraction, and thermal load. Moreover,the natural frequencies obtained from the LTR have insignificant differences compared with those from the NLTR. Due to the calculation complexity of the NLTR, we propose that it is reasonable to replace it by its linear counterpart for the analysis of thin porous FGM cylindrical shells. The present results are verified in comparison with the published ones in the literature.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12002057,11872127,11832002)the Scientific Research Project of Beijing Educational Committee(No.KM202111232023)the Qin Xin Talents Cultivation Program,Beijing Information Science&Technology University(Nos.QXTCP C202102,A201901)。
摘要In this study,the first-order shear deformation theory(FSDT)is used to establish a nonlinear dynamic model for a conical shell truncated by a functionally graded graphene platelet-reinforced composite(FG-GPLRC).The vibration analyses of the FG-GPLRC truncated conical shell are presented.Considering the graphene platelets(GPLs)of the FG-GPLRC truncated conical shell with three different distribution patterns,the modified Halpin-Tsai model is used to calculate the effective Young’s modulus.Hamilton’s principle,the FSDT,and the von-Karman type nonlinear geometric relationships are used to derive a system of partial differential governing equations of the FG-GPLRC truncated conical shell.The Galerkin method is used to obtain the ordinary differential equations of the truncated conical shell.Then,the analytical nonlinear frequencies of the FG-GPLRC truncated conical shell are solved by the harmonic balance method.The effects of the weight fraction and distribution pattern of the GPLs,the ratio of the length to the radius as well as the ratio of the radius to the thickness of the FG-GPLRC truncated conical shell on the nonlinear natural frequency characteristics are discussed.This study culminates in the discovery of the periodic motion and chaotic motion of the FG-GPLRC truncated conical shell.
基金supported by the Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development(No.107.02-2015.11)
摘要An analytical solution for buckling of an eccentrically stiffened sandwich truncated conical shell is investigated. The shell consists of two functionally graded material (FGM) coating layers and a core layer which are metal or ceramic subjected to an axial compressive load and an external uniform pressure. Shells are reinforced by stringers and rings, in which the material properties of shells and stiffeners are graded in the thickness direction following a general sigmoid law distribution. Two models of coated shell-stiffener arrangements are investigated. The change of the spacing between stringers in the meridional direction is taken into account. A couple set of three-variable- coefficient partial differential equations in terms of displacement components are solved by the Galerkin method. A closed-form expression for determining the buckling load is obtained. The numerical examples are presented and compared with previous works.
基金Project supported by the Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development(No.107.02-2015.11)
摘要In this paper, Donnell's shell theory and smeared stiffeners technique are improved to analyze the postbuckling and buckling behaviors of circular cylindrical shells of stiffened thin functionally graded material (FGM) sandwich under an axial loading on elastic foundations, and the shells are considered in a thermal environment. The shells are stiffened by FGM rings and stringers. A general sigmoid law and a general power law are proposed. Thermal elements of the shells and reinforcement stiffeners are considered. Explicit expressions to find critical loads and postbuckling load-deflection curves are obtained by applying the Galerkin method and choosing the three-term approximate solution of deflection. Numerical results show various effects of temperature, elastic foundation, stiffeners, material and geometrical properties, and the ratio between face sheet thickness and total thickness on the nonlinear behavior of shells.
摘要Love's first approximation theory is used to analyze the natural frequencies of rotating functionally graded cylindrical shells. To verify the validity of the present method, the natural frequencies of the simply supported non-rotating isotropic cylindrical shell and the functionally graded cylindrical shell are compared with available published results. Good agreement is obtained. The effects of the power law index, the wave numbers along the x- and O-directions, and the thickness-to-radius ratio on the natural frequencies of the simply supported rotating functionally graded cylindrical shell are investigated by several numerical examples. It is found that the fundamental frequencies of the backward waves increase with the increasing rotating speed, the fundamental frequencies of the forward waves decrease with the increasing rotating speed, and the forward and backward waves frequencies increase with the increasing thickness-to-radius ratio.
基金the Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development(NAFOSTED)(No.107.02-2019.318)。
摘要The nonlinear stability of sandwich cylindrical shells comprising porous functionally graded material(FGM) and carbon nanotube reinforced composite(CNTRC)layers subjected to uniform temperature rise is investigated. Two sandwich models corresponding to CNTRC and FGM face sheets are proposed. Carbon nanotubes(CNTs) in the CNTRC layer are embedded into a matrix according to functionally graded distributions. The effects of porosity in the FGM and the temperature dependence of properties of all constituent materials are considered. The effective properties of the porous FGM and CNTRC are determined by using the modified and extended versions of a linear mixture rule, respectively. The basic equations governing the stability problem of thin sandwich cylindrical shells are established within the framework of the Donnell shell theory including the von K’arm’an-Donnell nonlinearity. These equations are solved by using the multi-term analytical solutions and the Galerkin method for simply supported shells.The critical buckling temperatures and postbuckling paths are determined through an iteration procedure. The study reveals that the sandwich shell model with a CNTRC core layer and relatively thin porous FGM face sheets can have the best capacity of thermal load carrying. In addition, unlike the cases of mechanical loads, porosities have beneficial effects on the nonlinear stability of sandwich shells under the thermal load. It is suggested that an appropriate combination of advantages of FGM and CNTRC can result in optimal efficiency for advanced sandwich structures.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11272278 and11672260)
摘要Thermal buckling behavior of cylindrical shell made of functionally graded material(FGM) is studied. The material constituents are composed of ceramic and metal.The material properties across the shell thickness are assumed to be graded according to a simple power law distribution in terms of the volume fraction rule of mixtures. Based on the Donnell shell theory, a system of dimensionless partial differential equations of buckling in terms of displacement components is derived. The method of separation of variables is used to transform the governing equations to ordinary differential equations(ODEs). A shooting method is used to search for the numerical solutions of the differential equations under two types of boundary conditions. Effects of the power law index, the dimensionless geometrical parameters, and the temperature ratio on the critical buckling temperature are discussed in detail.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11872233 and11472163)the China Scholarship Council(No.201706890041)the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(No.2017-01-07-00-09-E00019)
摘要In this pap er, a novel size-dep endent functionally graded (FG) cylindrical shell model is develop ed based on the nonlocal strain gradient theory in conjunction with the Gurtin-Murdoch surface elasticity theory . The new model containing a nonlocal parameter, a material length scale parameter, and several surface elastic constants can capture three typical typ es of size e ects simultaneously , which are the nonlocal stress ef- fect, the strain gradient e ect, and the surface energy e ects. With the help of Hamilton’s principle and rst-order shear deformation theory , the non-classical governing equations and related b oundary conditions are derived. By using the prop osed model, the free vibra- tion problem of FG cylindrical nanoshells with material prop erties varying continuously through the thickness according to a p ower-law distribution is analytically solved, and the closed-form solutions for natural frequencies under various b oundary conditions are obtained. After verifying the reliability of the prop osed model and analytical method by comparing the degenerated results with those available in the literature, the in uences of nonlocal parameter, material length scale parameter, p ower-law index, radius-to-thickness ratio, length-to-radius ratio, and surface e ects on the vibration characteristic of func- tionally graded cylindrical nanoshells are examined in detail.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province of China(Nos. 2022NSFSC2003, 23NSFSC0849, and 2023NSFSC1300)。
摘要This study examines the wave propagation characteristics for a bi-directional functional grading of barium titanate(BaTiO3) and cobalt ferrite(CoFe2O4) porous nanoshells,the porosity distribution of which is simulated by the honeycomb-shaped symmetrical and asymmetrical distribution functions.The nonlocal strain gradient theory(NSGT) and first-order shear deformation theory are used to determine the size effect and shear deformation,respectively.Nonlocal governing equations are derived for the nanoshells by Hamilton's principle.The resulting dimensionless differential equations are solved by means of an analytical solution of the combined exponential function after dimensionless treatment.Finally,extensive parametric surveys are conducted to investigate the influence of diverse parameters,such as dimensionless scale parameters,radiusto-thickness ratios,bi-directional functionally graded(FG) indices,porosity coefficients,and dimensionless electromagnetic potentials on the wave propagation characteristics.Based on the analysis results,the effect of the dimensionless scale parameters on the dispersion relationship is found to be related to the ratio of the scale parameters.The wave propagation characteristics of nanoshells in the presence of a magnetoelectric field depend on the bi-directional FG indices.
摘要The present paper presents the three-dimensional magneto-thermo-elastic analysis of the functionally graded cylindrical shell immersed in applied thermal and magnetic fields under non-uniform internal pressure. The inhomogeneity of the shell is assumed to vary along the radial direction according to a power law function, whereas Poisson's ratio is supposed to be constant through the thickness. The existing equations in terms of the displacement components, temperature, and magnetic parameters are derived, and then the effective differential quadrature method (DQM) is used to acquire the analytical solution. Based on the DQM, the governing heat differential equations and edge boundary conditions are transformed into algebraic equations, and discretized in the series form. The effects of the gradient index and rapid temperature on the displacement, stress components, temperature, and induced magnetic field are graphically illustrated. The fast convergence of the method is demonstrated and compared with the results obtained by the finite element method (FEM).
基金supported by the Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10932006)Hebei Natural Science Foundation(2011210055)Hebei Key Basic Research Project(10963528D)
摘要Based on the fundamental dynamic equations of functionally graded material(FGM)cylindrical shell,this paper investigates the sound radiation of vibrational FGM shell in water by mobility method.This model takes into account the exterior fluid loading due to the sound press radiated by the FGM shell.The FGM cylindrical shell was excited by a harmonic line radial force uniformly distributing along the generator.The FGM shell equations of motion,the Helmholtz equation in the exterior fluid medium and the continuity equation at fluid-shell interface are used in this vibroacoustic problem.The expressions of sound radiation efficiency and sound field of the FGM shell have been derived by mobility method.Radiation efficiency,modal mobility and the directivity pattern of the sound field are solved numerically.In particular,radiation efficiency and directivity pattern with various power law index are analyzed.