This study investigates the plastic deformation behaviour of the AZ31 magnesium alloy under various uniaxial loading conditions using in-situ neutron diffraction,the crystallite group method(CGM),and crystal plasticit...This study investigates the plastic deformation behaviour of the AZ31 magnesium alloy under various uniaxial loading conditions using in-situ neutron diffraction,the crystallite group method(CGM),and crystal plasticity modelling.A key novelty of this work is the direct,model independent determination of resolved shear stress(RSS)values for individual slip and twinning systems,as well as their critical values(CRSS),derived from lattice strains in grains with preferred orientations.The experiment was extended beyond the conventional loading paths along the normal direction(ND)and rolling direction(RD)to include compression at angles of 30°and 60°from the ND(referred to as NDC30 and NDC60 tests),which had not been investigated in previous studies.Notably,the NDC30 test,combined with diffraction measurements,was specifically designed to activate basal slip in the majority of grains while minimizing twinning,enabling clear identification of this slip system and accurate determination of its CRSS.For the first time,hardening parameters were determined by comparing the model predicted values of RSS with those obtained from diffraction measurements for each active system.These data,together with the results of macroscopic tests,were used to calibrate an elastic-plastic self-consistent(EPSC)model,which accurately reproduced stress partitioning under applied load,texture evolution,and twin activity.The integrated methodology enhances the reliability of CRSS input and improves the modelling of anisotropic plasticity in magnesium alloys by tuning intergranular interactions based on a modified Eshelby inclusion approach.展开更多
Modeling the boundary layer flow of ternary hybrid nanofluids is important for understanding and optimizing their thermal performance,particularly in applications where enhanced heat transfer and fluid dynamics are es...Modeling the boundary layer flow of ternary hybrid nanofluids is important for understanding and optimizing their thermal performance,particularly in applications where enhanced heat transfer and fluid dynamics are essential.This study numerically investigates the boundary layer flow of alumina-copper-silver/water nanofluid over a permeable stretching/shrinking sheet,incorporating both first and second-order velocity slip.The mathematical model is solved in MATLAB facilitated by the bvp4c function that employs the finite difference scheme and Lobatto IIIa formula.The solver successfully generates dual solutions for the model,and further analysis is conducted to assess their stability.The findings reported that only one of the solutions is stable.For the shrinking sheet case,increasing the first-order velocity slip delays boundary layer separation and enhances heat transfer,while,when the sheet is stretched,the second-order velocity slip accelerates separation and improves heat transfer.Boundary layer separation is most likely to occur when the sheet is shrinking;however,this can be controlled by adjusting the velocity slip with the inclusion of boundary layer suction.展开更多
Slip is one of the most critical components for the frac plug,which would lodge into the casing and lock the frac plug in place during the setting and anchoring process.However,fracture failure of slip significantly a...Slip is one of the most critical components for the frac plug,which would lodge into the casing and lock the frac plug in place during the setting and anchoring process.However,fracture failure of slip significantly affects the hydraulic fracturing effects and has attracted tremendous attention.In this paper,a three-dimensional contact model is applied to explore the setting process of slip.The effects of key structural parameters such as apex angle,inclination angle,and wedge angle on the contact characteristics of slip are systematically investigated.Numerical results indicate that the maximum contact stress appears at the contact area between slip tooth and the casing’s inner wall.Besides,the maximum contact stress generally increases with the increase of apex angle and inclination angle,while decrease linearly with the rise in the wedge angle.Experimental results show that the slip teeth get blunt and appear severe plastic deformation,which arises from stress concentration.Comparison of biting area indicates that the experimental results are about 21.3%larger,which still have a reasonable agreement with the numerical results.These obtained results can guide the parametric selection of plug slip and other similar components.展开更多
In March 2021,a seismic sequence including three Mw>5.5 events struck northern Thessaly,Greece.Owing to the high temporal resolution of Sentinel-1 images which were sampled every 6 days and recorded the three event...In March 2021,a seismic sequence including three Mw>5.5 events struck northern Thessaly,Greece.Owing to the high temporal resolution of Sentinel-1 images which were sampled every 6 days and recorded the three events separately,we are able to map individually the coseismic deformation fields of the three events.Based on their respective coseismic displacements,we determined the geometry of the fault plane for each earthquake with the method of multipeak particle swarm optimization and inverted the best-fitting slip distribution by linear least squares inversion.Modelling results show that the three events occurred successively on 3,4 and 12 March 2021 were all dominated by normal-slip motions on previously unknown faults within the top 15 km of the Earth’s crust.The 3 March 2021 Mw 6.3 earthquake ruptured a northeast-dipping fault with a strike angle of 301°(clockwise from the North)and a dip angle of 46°,producing the maximum slip of about 2.2 m.The slip motion of the 4 March 2021 Mw 5.9 aftershock shows a similar fault geometry(striking 297°and dipping 42°)to the 3 March mainshock,but with a considerably smaller dip-slip component(~0.8 m).The 12 March 2021 Mw 5.6 aftershock occurred on a southwest-dipping fault(striking 100°and dipping 40°)with a normal fault slip of up to 0.5 m.Static Coulomb stress changes triggered by the earthquake sequence imply a promotion relationship between the first 3 March event and the two subsequent events.Due to the coseismic stress perturbation,more than 70%of aftershocks were distributed in areas with increased Coulomb stress and the northwest segment of the Larissa fault close to the seismic sequence was exposed to a relatively high seismic risk.展开更多
Spontaneous speech errors(slips of the tongue),although infrequent,reveal what we really think in our mind.And slips of the mind also help us reveal planning units in the production of speech as well as to know a lot ...Spontaneous speech errors(slips of the tongue),although infrequent,reveal what we really think in our mind.And slips of the mind also help us reveal planning units in the production of speech as well as to know a lot about our mental dictionary and second language production as well.This essay will take a deep insight into this language phenomenon.展开更多
Mountain tunnel crossing a normal fault in seismically active zone is easily affected by normal fault slip and earthquake. It is necessary to study tunnel dynamic response under action of normal fault slip and earthqu...Mountain tunnel crossing a normal fault in seismically active zone is easily affected by normal fault slip and earthquake. It is necessary to study tunnel dynamic response under action of normal fault slip and earthquake. In this paper, a three-dimensional normal fault sliding device was designed, and a shaking table test was carried out to study tunnel seismic performance under normal fault slip. The results show that peak acceleration of lining is dominated by an existence of fault and direction of seismic excitation, not normal fault slip. And the incremental strains of lining in critical zone with 1.7 times fault thickness and centered in faults induced by normal fault slip and seismic excitation are larger than ones only by seismic excitation. And the incremental strains in critical zone increase with the increase of normal fault slip magnitude ranging from 0 to 2 mm. And normal fault slip results in a significant reduction of overall tunnel stiffness subjected to an earthquake. These experimental results provide a scientific reference for prevention and control measurement of tunnel damage under earthquake and normal fault slip.展开更多
Among the bamboo slips dating to the Warring States period(475-221 BCE),stored at Tsinghua University,there is an aggregate of 21 specially shaped slips that are painted with red lines on the obverse side.Numbers are ...Among the bamboo slips dating to the Warring States period(475-221 BCE),stored at Tsinghua University,there is an aggregate of 21 specially shaped slips that are painted with red lines on the obverse side.Numbers are written on 20 slips in accordance with certain rules,and on one slip without numbers there are 20 round holes and residues of ribbon.These slips,after being compiled as a whole,serve as a practical calculator in the form of a table,which is designated as Suan Biao算表(the multiplication table).In this paper,the structure and functions of the Suan Biao are discussed by comparing it with other ancient multiplication tables.Specifically,it is noted that the core of the Suan Biao is a multiplication table comprising the numbers 9 to 1 and their products 81 to 1;the other parts are an extension of the core.The Suan Biao employs the decimal place value system and manifested the author’s knowledge of the commutative law of multiplication,the distributive law of multiplication over addition,and fractions.Not only is this table directly applicable to the multiplication of two-digit numbers,but also to division.In addition,certain computations regarding 1/2 or fractions containing 1/2 can be conducted using this table,and it may also be used for extracting roots.The Suan Biao is of great significance for research on ancient mathematics,and its discovery is enormously valuable for studies on arithmetic methods and computational tools in early China.展开更多
For the development of alert systems for soil slip occurrence, it is important to evaluate the degree of saturation of shallow soils (Sr) over wide areas. Taking into account the possibility to estimate spatial and te...For the development of alert systems for soil slip occurrence, it is important to evaluate the degree of saturation of shallow soils (Sr) over wide areas. Taking into account the possibility to estimate spatial and temporal variation of soil moisture using remote sensing techniques, a possible correlation between Sr and the daily output of a sequential data assimilation system called ACHAB (Assimilation Code for HeAt and moisture Balance) has been studied. ACHAB is based on integrated use of remotely sensed land surface temperature (LST) and common data on meteorological forcing such as air temperature, wind-speed and incident solar radiation. The aim of this study is to understand if it is possible to use ACHAB output (a daily value of evaporative fraction for the whole Italian territory) to define the parameter Sr that could be introduced in a simplified model for the description of soil slip triggering mechanisms on territorial scale.展开更多
Ever since the publication of Fromkin's Slips of the Tongue in 1973, more and more psycholinguists have realized the importance of studying the slips of the tongue. Dell (1986) defined slips of the tongue as "unin...Ever since the publication of Fromkin's Slips of the Tongue in 1973, more and more psycholinguists have realized the importance of studying the slips of the tongue. Dell (1986) defined slips of the tongue as "unintended, nonhabitual deviation(s) from a speech plan". That is, those speech errors are not due to an incomplete or incorrect language system, but to language processing problems. Most of the studies are focused on monohngual models. But, to bilinguals, are L2 slips different from LI slips? Can those monolingual speech production models also explain L2 speech production? This article puts together Dell's current monolingual model of speech with Poulisse's L2 slip project to see how L2 slips can shed light on the process of L2 speech production and L2 learning orocess.展开更多
To meet the operational requirements of slip-type packers within TP140V casing in ultra-deep wells and enhance the anchoring performance and load-bearing capacity of the packer's anchoring mechanism during setting...To meet the operational requirements of slip-type packers within TP140V casing in ultra-deep wells and enhance the anchoring performance and load-bearing capacity of the packer's anchoring mechanism during setting,this paper focuses on the study of tooth-embedded slips.The Abaqus finite element software was used to analyze the stress and contact pressure distribution patterns in key components such as the embedded teeth,casing,and slip base during the anchoring process of tooth-embedded slips.An orthogonal experimental method was employed to optimize the structural parameters of segmented tooth-embedded slips.Based on the results of the orthogonal experiments,the optimal combination of slip structural parameters was obtained:the front-end distance was 12 mm,the tooth installation spacing was 24 mm,the dip angle of the groove was 76.5°,the groove depth was 6.8 mm,and the slip wedge angle was 13°.After optimization,the maximum Von Mises stress in the slip base was reduced from 1080 MPa to 512.2 MPa,the embedding depth decreased from 0.2156 mm to 0.1338 mm,and the maximum contact pressure at the tooth tips dropped from 4247 MPa to 2965 MPa.Compared to the pre-optimization values,these reductions were 52.6%,37.9%,and 30.2%,respectively.Moreover,the optimized casing bite depth and tooth-tip contact pressure exhibited a more uniform axial distribution.Additionally,physical prototypes of the optimized slips were manufactured and subjected to laboratory tests,which demonstrated that the axial bearing capacity of the slips could reach 450 kN,capable of withstanding axial loads in a 152.5-mm inner diameter casing under a downhole pressure environment of 100 MPa.The research findings in this paper provide a theoretical reference for optimizing the structural parameters of tooth-embedded slips within TP140V steel grade casing.展开更多
An algorithm has been developed from various exiting techniques,that provides fully automatic cycle-slip detection at the data preprocessing stage.This algorithm,called pair linear combination,operates on undifference...An algorithm has been developed from various exiting techniques,that provides fully automatic cycle-slip detection at the data preprocessing stage.This algorithm,called pair linear combination,operates on undifferenced or double-differenced,dual frequency carrier phase data,and requires the sampling interval is short.Test results carried out in a variety of situations including static and kinematic modes,short and long baseline situation,and low and high data rates were presented.展开更多
We examine Qin Dynasty(221 to 207 BCE)wood bookkeeping slips from 217 to 210 BCE unearthed in Hunan province,China.While purely written slips were unearthed before,these slips are unique in that they contain written r...We examine Qin Dynasty(221 to 207 BCE)wood bookkeeping slips from 217 to 210 BCE unearthed in Hunan province,China.While purely written slips were unearthed before,these slips are unique in that they contain written records of details oftransactions as well as notches on their sides that represent the quantities of money or measures of commodities involved.Scholars have speculated that ancient engraving,notching or tokening before the development of written language could be bookkeeping/accounting.We show a form of bookkeeping combining notching with written records that emerged at a point in Chinese history where a region saw a temporary dip in local literacy.Notching reappeared to compensate for the loss in literacy to prevent fraud and reduce bookkeepers’risk of being accused of fraud.This for of dualmethod bookkeeping adds credence to the conjecture that prehistorical,prelanguage notching,engraving or tokening was likely bookkee ping/accounting.展开更多
With the advancement of surface technology, boundary slip in lubrication has become increasingly common. However, theoretical analysis in this area remains limited, necessitating further research to explore the impact...With the advancement of surface technology, boundary slip in lubrication has become increasingly common. However, theoretical analysis in this area remains limited, necessitating further research to explore the impact of boundary slip, particularly thermal slip induced by velocity slip in cases with obvious thermal rise. Additionally, investigating the influence of surface limiting shearing stress on boundary slip is a valuable area of study. This research extends the simple sliding finite line contact thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) model by incorporating velocity slip and thermal slip at boundaries. Firstly, linear slip is examined in three different conditions, and the impact of boundary slip on the lubrication state is analyzed. Building upon this, the study considers the effect of limiting shearing stress on boundary slip and develops a nonlinear slip model. The study conducts a thorough analysis of the influence of limiting shearing stress on the lubrication state in the contact area and reveals that friction reduction can be attained by introducing slip between the static surface and the lubricant. By investigating the impact of boundary slip and limiting shearing stress on thermal EHL under simple sliding conditions, this research puts forward a novel friction reduction approach based on the theory of boundary slip.展开更多
Accurate modelling of confined fluid transport requires addressing the fluid-fluid and fluid-surface interactions across multiple scales,particularly when molecular sizes are comparable to the fluid mean free path and...Accurate modelling of confined fluid transport requires addressing the fluid-fluid and fluid-surface interactions across multiple scales,particularly when molecular sizes are comparable to the fluid mean free path and the confinement dimension.Advances in nanotechnology have sparked tremendous interest in the combined effects of non-equilibrium,real-fluid properties,and confinement on multiscale flows,where the Knudsen number or confinement dimension can vary widely.This review discusses molecular kinetic modelling approaches for:(1)fluid density ranging from dilute,where non-equilibrium effects dominate,to dense,where real fluid effects become critical;(2)flow domains ranging from macroscale to nanoscale,necessitating confinement-specific treatments;(3)fluid-surface interactions at various densities and confinements.The pronounced non-equilibrium and confinement effects introduce both intrinsic and apparent non-hydrodynamic effects,which require careful consideration in developing a molecular kinetic model.展开更多
On 28 March 2025,a strong Mw 7.7 earthquake struck the seismic gap in the central section of the Sagaing Fault in Myanmar,causing significant damages and casualties in Myanmar and neighboring countries.Major earthq...On 28 March 2025,a strong Mw 7.7 earthquake struck the seismic gap in the central section of the Sagaing Fault in Myanmar,causing significant damages and casualties in Myanmar and neighboring countries.Major earthquakes like this are expected to transfer stresses to nearby active regions and change their seismic hazards in the near future.In this study,based on a stratified viscoelastic model and a coseismic slip model,we calculated the co-and post-seismic Coulomb stress change(△CFS)imparted by the Mw 7.7 Myanmar earthquake to the main active faults in the adjacent southwestern Yunnan region in China.Our results show that five fault segments experience up to 3 kPa of coseismic stress increase,including the Longling-Lancang Fault,the Nantinghe Fault,the Menglian Fault,the Heihe Fault,and the Red River Fault,respectively.The pattern of postseismic △CFS is similar to that of coseismic △CFS,suggesting that with the increasing elapsed time,the stress level continues to increase in these fault zones.The coseismic auxiliary stress fields show that the orientation of the principal tensile stress is predominantly NE-SW in the northern part of the southwestern Yunnan region,and shows clockwise rotation to NW-SE in the south.This stress regime controls the additional slip motion,consistent with that reflected by the coseismic shear stress change.Combined with other geophysical and geodetic data,we propose that more attention should be paid to the Longling-Lancang Fault,the Nantinghe Fault,the Menglian Fault,and the Heihe Fault,potential candidates for the next strong earthquakes in this region.展开更多
Identifying precursors of large earthquakes is critical for minimizing the losses of life and property.Recently Bletery and Nocquet(2023)captured a~2-h-long exponential acceleration of slip using the high-rate(5-min)G...Identifying precursors of large earthquakes is critical for minimizing the losses of life and property.Recently Bletery and Nocquet(2023)captured a~2-h-long exponential acceleration of slip using the high-rate(5-min)Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)time series from the 48 hr before the 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku-oki earthquake,which was obtained by simply concatenating daily kinematic results together.Here,we apply their method to sum the horizontal displacements of 24 high-rate GNSS stations in the direction predicted by fault slip at the hypocenter of the 2023 Mw 7.8 Kahramanmara earthquake to characterize its precursory phase.Results demonstrate a several-hour accelerating exponential slip before the mainshock.However,considering that single-day processing would lead to discontinuities at the day boundary,we process the multi-day GNSS data in continuous mode,repeat the experiment,and find that the observed acceleration-like signals vanish.Our work shows that inadequate data processing may lead to the detection of false precursory signals,highlighting the need to develop robust processing techniques to identify reliable precursory signals before large earthquakes.展开更多
Tailor-rolled blanks(TRBs)are strips characterized by a continuously varying thickness along their length,providing advantages such as reduced weight,enhanced strength,and superior surface quality.TRB upward-rolling i...Tailor-rolled blanks(TRBs)are strips characterized by a continuously varying thickness along their length,providing advantages such as reduced weight,enhanced strength,and superior surface quality.TRB upward-rolling is a dynamic rolling technique in which the rollers exhibit vertical velocity during the rolling.This technique involves significant elastic deformation in both the rolls and the workpiece,complicating the investigation of upward-rolling force and the changes in deformation parameters within the mechanism.The mathematical models are developed to represent the rolling force and deformation parameters,taking into account the unique aspects of TRB upward-rolling.Finite element simulation and a backpropagation neural network are employed to establish the force arm coefficient model for TRB upward-rolling.Based on this model,the metal flow velocity field that satisfies the motion constraints of the deformation area is proposed,considering the specific characteristics of the deformation area.The force required for plastic deformation during rolling is determined by evaluating the power of each component and correlating the force arm coefficient with the rolling torque.By leveraging the coupled iterative relationship between rolling force and roller flattening radius,a model for analyzing rolling force in upward-rolling is developed.A comparison between the model’s calculated values and experimental data demonstrates a high degree of accuracy.Furthermore,the effects of the inclination angle of the transition area,friction factor,and workpiece tension on the force and deformation parameters are researched,elucidating the underlying mechanisms of force and deformation parameter variations in the upward-rolling.展开更多
Plastic strain in polycrystalline metals is highly localized in grain boundaries(GBs),slip bands(SBs)and twins.While extensive research has focused on intra-granular deformation mechanisms such as slip and twinning,st...Plastic strain in polycrystalline metals is highly localized in grain boundaries(GBs),slip bands(SBs)and twins.While extensive research has focused on intra-granular deformation mechanisms such as slip and twinning,strain localization at GBs has been largely overlooked.In this study,high-resolution digital image correlation(HRDIC)was employed to capture the strain distribution and its evolution during tension in an extruded pure Mg sheet.Particular attention was paid to strain localization at GBs and its governing factors.Results reveal that,at 3%applied strain,approximately 10%of GBs were categorized as extremely-high-strain GBs(defined as the GB where at least 20 data points have an effective shear strain(εeff)value exceeding the 99th percentile of the overallεeff distribution),and the majority(84%)of them were observed to deform at even 0.5%applied strain.This suggests that early-stage deformation plays a critical role in subsequent GB strain localization.The mean strain value and grain boundary sliding(GBS)displacement of GBs increased significantly with applied strain,with progressively accelerating increasing rates observed in most instances.Most(~62%)GBs exhibiting slip transfer showed low strain,while a small fraction(~8%)of them exhibited extremely high strain.This indicates that slip transfer can mitigate GB strain localization in most cases.However,complex local conditions are also critical,and case-by-case analysis is essential.Moreover,GBs with misorientation angles ranging from 50°to 80°were found to be more likely to exhibit extremely high strain.This work provides valuable insights into GB strain localization,which is critical for further understanding the plastic deformation of polycrystalline Mg.展开更多
基金founded by the National Science Centre,Poland(NCN),under grant no.UMO-2023/49/B/ST11/00774The research(neutron diffraction experiments)leading to this result has been co-funded by the project NEPHEWS under grant agreement no.101131414 from the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation Horizon Europe+6 种基金Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s)only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union.Neither the European Union nor the granting authorities can be held responsible for them.Measurements were carried out at the CANAM infrastructure of the NPI CAS Rez.The employment of the CICRR infrastructure supported by MEYS project LM2023041 is acknowledgedThe Ministry of Education,Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic(MEYS),support of large research infrastructures LM2023057K.M.acknowledges support of the Czech Grant Agency under project no.25-16210SP.K.acknowledges support from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the NOMATEN teaming grant agreement no.857470the European Regional Development Fund via the Foundation for Polish Science International Research Agenda Plus Program grant no.MAB PLUS/2018/8the Ministry of Science and Higher Education's initiative“Support for the Activities of Centers of Excellence Established in Poland under the Horizon 2020 Program”under agreement no.MEiN/2023/DIR/3795K.W.was partly supported by the program“Excellence initiative-research university”for the AGH University of Krakow.
摘要This study investigates the plastic deformation behaviour of the AZ31 magnesium alloy under various uniaxial loading conditions using in-situ neutron diffraction,the crystallite group method(CGM),and crystal plasticity modelling.A key novelty of this work is the direct,model independent determination of resolved shear stress(RSS)values for individual slip and twinning systems,as well as their critical values(CRSS),derived from lattice strains in grains with preferred orientations.The experiment was extended beyond the conventional loading paths along the normal direction(ND)and rolling direction(RD)to include compression at angles of 30°and 60°from the ND(referred to as NDC30 and NDC60 tests),which had not been investigated in previous studies.Notably,the NDC30 test,combined with diffraction measurements,was specifically designed to activate basal slip in the majority of grains while minimizing twinning,enabling clear identification of this slip system and accurate determination of its CRSS.For the first time,hardening parameters were determined by comparing the model predicted values of RSS with those obtained from diffraction measurements for each active system.These data,together with the results of macroscopic tests,were used to calibrate an elastic-plastic self-consistent(EPSC)model,which accurately reproduced stress partitioning under applied load,texture evolution,and twin activity.The integrated methodology enhances the reliability of CRSS input and improves the modelling of anisotropic plasticity in magnesium alloys by tuning intergranular interactions based on a modified Eshelby inclusion approach.
基金The authors acknowledged Universiti Putra Malaysia for the Putra Grant that was received(GP-IPM 9787700)supported by Grant PN-III-P4-PCE-2021-0993,UEFISCDI,Romania.
摘要Modeling the boundary layer flow of ternary hybrid nanofluids is important for understanding and optimizing their thermal performance,particularly in applications where enhanced heat transfer and fluid dynamics are essential.This study numerically investigates the boundary layer flow of alumina-copper-silver/water nanofluid over a permeable stretching/shrinking sheet,incorporating both first and second-order velocity slip.The mathematical model is solved in MATLAB facilitated by the bvp4c function that employs the finite difference scheme and Lobatto IIIa formula.The solver successfully generates dual solutions for the model,and further analysis is conducted to assess their stability.The findings reported that only one of the solutions is stable.For the shrinking sheet case,increasing the first-order velocity slip delays boundary layer separation and enhances heat transfer,while,when the sheet is stretched,the second-order velocity slip accelerates separation and improves heat transfer.Boundary layer separation is most likely to occur when the sheet is shrinking;however,this can be controlled by adjusting the velocity slip with the inclusion of boundary layer suction.
基金financial support from the National Major Science and Technology Projects of China(Grant No.2017ZX05072)the Royal Society Newton International Fellowships(Grant No.NIF/R1/181640)the Marie SkłodowskaCurie Individual Fellowships under European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme(Grant No.840264)
摘要Slip is one of the most critical components for the frac plug,which would lodge into the casing and lock the frac plug in place during the setting and anchoring process.However,fracture failure of slip significantly affects the hydraulic fracturing effects and has attracted tremendous attention.In this paper,a three-dimensional contact model is applied to explore the setting process of slip.The effects of key structural parameters such as apex angle,inclination angle,and wedge angle on the contact characteristics of slip are systematically investigated.Numerical results indicate that the maximum contact stress appears at the contact area between slip tooth and the casing’s inner wall.Besides,the maximum contact stress generally increases with the increase of apex angle and inclination angle,while decrease linearly with the rise in the wedge angle.Experimental results show that the slip teeth get blunt and appear severe plastic deformation,which arises from stress concentration.Comparison of biting area indicates that the experimental results are about 21.3%larger,which still have a reasonable agreement with the numerical results.These obtained results can guide the parametric selection of plug slip and other similar components.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFC1509201)Chinese Scholarship Council Studentship(No.201806270247)+3 种基金Shaanxi Province Science and Technology Innovation Team(No.2021TD-51)UK Natural Environment Research Council through the Centre for the Observation and Modeling of Earthquakes,Volcanoes and Tectonics(No.come30001)LICS Project(No.NE/K010794/1)European Space Agency through the ESA-MOST DRAGON-5 Project(No.59339)。
摘要In March 2021,a seismic sequence including three Mw>5.5 events struck northern Thessaly,Greece.Owing to the high temporal resolution of Sentinel-1 images which were sampled every 6 days and recorded the three events separately,we are able to map individually the coseismic deformation fields of the three events.Based on their respective coseismic displacements,we determined the geometry of the fault plane for each earthquake with the method of multipeak particle swarm optimization and inverted the best-fitting slip distribution by linear least squares inversion.Modelling results show that the three events occurred successively on 3,4 and 12 March 2021 were all dominated by normal-slip motions on previously unknown faults within the top 15 km of the Earth’s crust.The 3 March 2021 Mw 6.3 earthquake ruptured a northeast-dipping fault with a strike angle of 301°(clockwise from the North)and a dip angle of 46°,producing the maximum slip of about 2.2 m.The slip motion of the 4 March 2021 Mw 5.9 aftershock shows a similar fault geometry(striking 297°and dipping 42°)to the 3 March mainshock,but with a considerably smaller dip-slip component(~0.8 m).The 12 March 2021 Mw 5.6 aftershock occurred on a southwest-dipping fault(striking 100°and dipping 40°)with a normal fault slip of up to 0.5 m.Static Coulomb stress changes triggered by the earthquake sequence imply a promotion relationship between the first 3 March event and the two subsequent events.Due to the coseismic stress perturbation,more than 70%of aftershocks were distributed in areas with increased Coulomb stress and the northwest segment of the Larissa fault close to the seismic sequence was exposed to a relatively high seismic risk.
摘要Spontaneous speech errors(slips of the tongue),although infrequent,reveal what we really think in our mind.And slips of the mind also help us reveal planning units in the production of speech as well as to know a lot about our mental dictionary and second language production as well.This essay will take a deep insight into this language phenomenon.
基金Project(51674287)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
摘要Mountain tunnel crossing a normal fault in seismically active zone is easily affected by normal fault slip and earthquake. It is necessary to study tunnel dynamic response under action of normal fault slip and earthquake. In this paper, a three-dimensional normal fault sliding device was designed, and a shaking table test was carried out to study tunnel seismic performance under normal fault slip. The results show that peak acceleration of lining is dominated by an existence of fault and direction of seismic excitation, not normal fault slip. And the incremental strains of lining in critical zone with 1.7 times fault thickness and centered in faults induced by normal fault slip and seismic excitation are larger than ones only by seismic excitation. And the incremental strains in critical zone increase with the increase of normal fault slip magnitude ranging from 0 to 2 mm. And normal fault slip results in a significant reduction of overall tunnel stiffness subjected to an earthquake. These experimental results provide a scientific reference for prevention and control measurement of tunnel damage under earthquake and normal fault slip.
摘要Among the bamboo slips dating to the Warring States period(475-221 BCE),stored at Tsinghua University,there is an aggregate of 21 specially shaped slips that are painted with red lines on the obverse side.Numbers are written on 20 slips in accordance with certain rules,and on one slip without numbers there are 20 round holes and residues of ribbon.These slips,after being compiled as a whole,serve as a practical calculator in the form of a table,which is designated as Suan Biao算表(the multiplication table).In this paper,the structure and functions of the Suan Biao are discussed by comparing it with other ancient multiplication tables.Specifically,it is noted that the core of the Suan Biao is a multiplication table comprising the numbers 9 to 1 and their products 81 to 1;the other parts are an extension of the core.The Suan Biao employs the decimal place value system and manifested the author’s knowledge of the commutative law of multiplication,the distributive law of multiplication over addition,and fractions.Not only is this table directly applicable to the multiplication of two-digit numbers,but also to division.In addition,certain computations regarding 1/2 or fractions containing 1/2 can be conducted using this table,and it may also be used for extracting roots.The Suan Biao is of great significance for research on ancient mathematics,and its discovery is enormously valuable for studies on arithmetic methods and computational tools in early China.
摘要For the development of alert systems for soil slip occurrence, it is important to evaluate the degree of saturation of shallow soils (Sr) over wide areas. Taking into account the possibility to estimate spatial and temporal variation of soil moisture using remote sensing techniques, a possible correlation between Sr and the daily output of a sequential data assimilation system called ACHAB (Assimilation Code for HeAt and moisture Balance) has been studied. ACHAB is based on integrated use of remotely sensed land surface temperature (LST) and common data on meteorological forcing such as air temperature, wind-speed and incident solar radiation. The aim of this study is to understand if it is possible to use ACHAB output (a daily value of evaporative fraction for the whole Italian territory) to define the parameter Sr that could be introduced in a simplified model for the description of soil slip triggering mechanisms on territorial scale.
摘要Ever since the publication of Fromkin's Slips of the Tongue in 1973, more and more psycholinguists have realized the importance of studying the slips of the tongue. Dell (1986) defined slips of the tongue as "unintended, nonhabitual deviation(s) from a speech plan". That is, those speech errors are not due to an incomplete or incorrect language system, but to language processing problems. Most of the studies are focused on monohngual models. But, to bilinguals, are L2 slips different from LI slips? Can those monolingual speech production models also explain L2 speech production? This article puts together Dell's current monolingual model of speech with Poulisse's L2 slip project to see how L2 slips can shed light on the process of L2 speech production and L2 learning orocess.
基金supported by National Engineering Research Center of Oil&Gas Drilling and Completion Technology Scientific Research Foundation Project(No.NERCDCT202306)。
摘要To meet the operational requirements of slip-type packers within TP140V casing in ultra-deep wells and enhance the anchoring performance and load-bearing capacity of the packer's anchoring mechanism during setting,this paper focuses on the study of tooth-embedded slips.The Abaqus finite element software was used to analyze the stress and contact pressure distribution patterns in key components such as the embedded teeth,casing,and slip base during the anchoring process of tooth-embedded slips.An orthogonal experimental method was employed to optimize the structural parameters of segmented tooth-embedded slips.Based on the results of the orthogonal experiments,the optimal combination of slip structural parameters was obtained:the front-end distance was 12 mm,the tooth installation spacing was 24 mm,the dip angle of the groove was 76.5°,the groove depth was 6.8 mm,and the slip wedge angle was 13°.After optimization,the maximum Von Mises stress in the slip base was reduced from 1080 MPa to 512.2 MPa,the embedding depth decreased from 0.2156 mm to 0.1338 mm,and the maximum contact pressure at the tooth tips dropped from 4247 MPa to 2965 MPa.Compared to the pre-optimization values,these reductions were 52.6%,37.9%,and 30.2%,respectively.Moreover,the optimized casing bite depth and tooth-tip contact pressure exhibited a more uniform axial distribution.Additionally,physical prototypes of the optimized slips were manufactured and subjected to laboratory tests,which demonstrated that the axial bearing capacity of the slips could reach 450 kN,capable of withstanding axial loads in a 152.5-mm inner diameter casing under a downhole pressure environment of 100 MPa.The research findings in this paper provide a theoretical reference for optimizing the structural parameters of tooth-embedded slips within TP140V steel grade casing.
基金Project(40174005)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
摘要An algorithm has been developed from various exiting techniques,that provides fully automatic cycle-slip detection at the data preprocessing stage.This algorithm,called pair linear combination,operates on undifferenced or double-differenced,dual frequency carrier phase data,and requires the sampling interval is short.Test results carried out in a variety of situations including static and kinematic modes,short and long baseline situation,and low and high data rates were presented.
基金the National Social Science Foundation of China:“Research on Historical Materials of Accounting Books in Unearthed Bamboo and Wooden Slips”(Project Approval No.:22FJYB056).
摘要We examine Qin Dynasty(221 to 207 BCE)wood bookkeeping slips from 217 to 210 BCE unearthed in Hunan province,China.While purely written slips were unearthed before,these slips are unique in that they contain written records of details oftransactions as well as notches on their sides that represent the quantities of money or measures of commodities involved.Scholars have speculated that ancient engraving,notching or tokening before the development of written language could be bookkeeping/accounting.We show a form of bookkeeping combining notching with written records that emerged at a point in Chinese history where a region saw a temporary dip in local literacy.Notching reappeared to compensate for the loss in literacy to prevent fraud and reduce bookkeepers’risk of being accused of fraud.This for of dualmethod bookkeeping adds credence to the conjecture that prehistorical,prelanguage notching,engraving or tokening was likely bookkee ping/accounting.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51875298)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2019MEE040)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and Graduate Student Innovation Fund of Donghua University(No.CUSF-DH-D-2023033).
摘要With the advancement of surface technology, boundary slip in lubrication has become increasingly common. However, theoretical analysis in this area remains limited, necessitating further research to explore the impact of boundary slip, particularly thermal slip induced by velocity slip in cases with obvious thermal rise. Additionally, investigating the influence of surface limiting shearing stress on boundary slip is a valuable area of study. This research extends the simple sliding finite line contact thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) model by incorporating velocity slip and thermal slip at boundaries. Firstly, linear slip is examined in three different conditions, and the impact of boundary slip on the lubrication state is analyzed. Building upon this, the study considers the effect of limiting shearing stress on boundary slip and develops a nonlinear slip model. The study conducts a thorough analysis of the influence of limiting shearing stress on the lubrication state in the contact area and reveals that friction reduction can be attained by introducing slip between the static surface and the lubricant. By investigating the impact of boundary slip and limiting shearing stress on thermal EHL under simple sliding conditions, this research puts forward a novel friction reduction approach based on the theory of boundary slip.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12472290)support given by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation,Germany。
摘要Accurate modelling of confined fluid transport requires addressing the fluid-fluid and fluid-surface interactions across multiple scales,particularly when molecular sizes are comparable to the fluid mean free path and the confinement dimension.Advances in nanotechnology have sparked tremendous interest in the combined effects of non-equilibrium,real-fluid properties,and confinement on multiscale flows,where the Knudsen number or confinement dimension can vary widely.This review discusses molecular kinetic modelling approaches for:(1)fluid density ranging from dilute,where non-equilibrium effects dominate,to dense,where real fluid effects become critical;(2)flow domains ranging from macroscale to nanoscale,necessitating confinement-specific treatments;(3)fluid-surface interactions at various densities and confinements.The pronounced non-equilibrium and confinement effects introduce both intrinsic and apparent non-hydrodynamic effects,which require careful consideration in developing a molecular kinetic model.
基金supported by the Deep Earth Probe and Mineral Resources Exploration-National Science and Technology Major Project (2024ZD1000703)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 42274138, U23A2029, 41874116)
摘要On 28 March 2025,a strong Mw 7.7 earthquake struck the seismic gap in the central section of the Sagaing Fault in Myanmar,causing significant damages and casualties in Myanmar and neighboring countries.Major earthquakes like this are expected to transfer stresses to nearby active regions and change their seismic hazards in the near future.In this study,based on a stratified viscoelastic model and a coseismic slip model,we calculated the co-and post-seismic Coulomb stress change(△CFS)imparted by the Mw 7.7 Myanmar earthquake to the main active faults in the adjacent southwestern Yunnan region in China.Our results show that five fault segments experience up to 3 kPa of coseismic stress increase,including the Longling-Lancang Fault,the Nantinghe Fault,the Menglian Fault,the Heihe Fault,and the Red River Fault,respectively.The pattern of postseismic △CFS is similar to that of coseismic △CFS,suggesting that with the increasing elapsed time,the stress level continues to increase in these fault zones.The coseismic auxiliary stress fields show that the orientation of the principal tensile stress is predominantly NE-SW in the northern part of the southwestern Yunnan region,and shows clockwise rotation to NW-SE in the south.This stress regime controls the additional slip motion,consistent with that reflected by the coseismic shear stress change.Combined with other geophysical and geodetic data,we propose that more attention should be paid to the Longling-Lancang Fault,the Nantinghe Fault,the Menglian Fault,and the Heihe Fault,potential candidates for the next strong earthquakes in this region.
基金supported by National Science Foundation of China(42025401),Natural Science Foundation of Wuhan(2024040701010065)Knowledge Innovation Program of Wuhan-Shuguang Project(2023010201020281)+2 种基金Open Fund of Hubei Luojia Laboratory(230100015 and 220100033)Innovation Group Project of Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2023AFA040)National Precise Gravity Measurement Facility,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China.
摘要Identifying precursors of large earthquakes is critical for minimizing the losses of life and property.Recently Bletery and Nocquet(2023)captured a~2-h-long exponential acceleration of slip using the high-rate(5-min)Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)time series from the 48 hr before the 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku-oki earthquake,which was obtained by simply concatenating daily kinematic results together.Here,we apply their method to sum the horizontal displacements of 24 high-rate GNSS stations in the direction predicted by fault slip at the hypocenter of the 2023 Mw 7.8 Kahramanmara earthquake to characterize its precursory phase.Results demonstrate a several-hour accelerating exponential slip before the mainshock.However,considering that single-day processing would lead to discontinuities at the day boundary,we process the multi-day GNSS data in continuous mode,repeat the experiment,and find that the observed acceleration-like signals vanish.Our work shows that inadequate data processing may lead to the detection of false precursory signals,highlighting the need to develop robust processing techniques to identify reliable precursory signals before large earthquakes.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52375367,51904206,52105390,52205404,and 52311530768)Scientific and Technologial Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi(No.2024Q008)+2 种基金Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Metal Forming Technology and Heavy Equipment(B2408100.W17)Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(Nos.202303021212054 and 202203021212293)Central Government Guides the Special Fund Projects of Local Scientific and Technological Development(YDZX20191400002149).
摘要Tailor-rolled blanks(TRBs)are strips characterized by a continuously varying thickness along their length,providing advantages such as reduced weight,enhanced strength,and superior surface quality.TRB upward-rolling is a dynamic rolling technique in which the rollers exhibit vertical velocity during the rolling.This technique involves significant elastic deformation in both the rolls and the workpiece,complicating the investigation of upward-rolling force and the changes in deformation parameters within the mechanism.The mathematical models are developed to represent the rolling force and deformation parameters,taking into account the unique aspects of TRB upward-rolling.Finite element simulation and a backpropagation neural network are employed to establish the force arm coefficient model for TRB upward-rolling.Based on this model,the metal flow velocity field that satisfies the motion constraints of the deformation area is proposed,considering the specific characteristics of the deformation area.The force required for plastic deformation during rolling is determined by evaluating the power of each component and correlating the force arm coefficient with the rolling torque.By leveraging the coupled iterative relationship between rolling force and roller flattening radius,a model for analyzing rolling force in upward-rolling is developed.A comparison between the model’s calculated values and experimental data demonstrates a high degree of accuracy.Furthermore,the effects of the inclination angle of the transition area,friction factor,and workpiece tension on the force and deformation parameters are researched,elucidating the underlying mechanisms of force and deformation parameter variations in the upward-rolling.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52571157,52171125 and 52301152)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2024NSFSC0193).
摘要Plastic strain in polycrystalline metals is highly localized in grain boundaries(GBs),slip bands(SBs)and twins.While extensive research has focused on intra-granular deformation mechanisms such as slip and twinning,strain localization at GBs has been largely overlooked.In this study,high-resolution digital image correlation(HRDIC)was employed to capture the strain distribution and its evolution during tension in an extruded pure Mg sheet.Particular attention was paid to strain localization at GBs and its governing factors.Results reveal that,at 3%applied strain,approximately 10%of GBs were categorized as extremely-high-strain GBs(defined as the GB where at least 20 data points have an effective shear strain(εeff)value exceeding the 99th percentile of the overallεeff distribution),and the majority(84%)of them were observed to deform at even 0.5%applied strain.This suggests that early-stage deformation plays a critical role in subsequent GB strain localization.The mean strain value and grain boundary sliding(GBS)displacement of GBs increased significantly with applied strain,with progressively accelerating increasing rates observed in most instances.Most(~62%)GBs exhibiting slip transfer showed low strain,while a small fraction(~8%)of them exhibited extremely high strain.This indicates that slip transfer can mitigate GB strain localization in most cases.However,complex local conditions are also critical,and case-by-case analysis is essential.Moreover,GBs with misorientation angles ranging from 50°to 80°were found to be more likely to exhibit extremely high strain.This work provides valuable insights into GB strain localization,which is critical for further understanding the plastic deformation of polycrystalline Mg.