SrTiO3-based thermoelectric ceramics show potential for high-temperature energy harvesting but face challenges from inefficient carrier transport and high thermal conductivity.This work presents a multi-scale struc...SrTiO3-based thermoelectric ceramics show potential for high-temperature energy harvesting but face challenges from inefficient carrier transport and high thermal conductivity.This work presents a multi-scale structural engineering strategy to address these challenges,fabricating textured Sr0.875La0.1Ti O3m Ti/10 wt%Bi2O3(SLTTB)ceramics via plate-like SrTiO3templates.Through this design,the ceramics form a unique core-shell architecture,where template seeds act as growth cores for epitaxially alignedoriented grains,forming coherent interfaces with a precipitate-rich interlayer and a precipitate-free shell.In the interlayer,uniformly distributed“peanut-shaped”Bi-Ti_nO2n-1nanoparticle pairs enhance electron mobility and phonon scattering.The hierarchical microstructure creates multiscale coherent interfaces that reduce electron grain boundary scattering,enabling preferential electron transport pathways parallel to the casting direction.This architecture enables the decoupling of electrical and thermal properties,with a power factor reaching 1815μW/m/K2at 1073 K with thermal conductivity suppressed by interfacial and nanoparticle scattering.Consequently,the SLTTB textured ceramic achieves a notable ZT of 0.64 at 1073 K,a significant enhancement over conventional counterparts.This work demonstrates a multi-scale structural strategy integrating template-induced texture,core-shell design,and nanoscale interface modulation to decouple the electrical and thermal properties of SrTiO3-based materials,and provides a roadmap for tailoring the electrical-thermal transport properties of thermoelectric textured ceramics.展开更多
Texture and grain structure evolution during annealing and their effects on tensile strength and anisotropy were studied using XRD,DSC,SEM,EBSD and TEM.The results indicate that elevated rolling temperatures reduce th...Texture and grain structure evolution during annealing and their effects on tensile strength and anisotropy were studied using XRD,DSC,SEM,EBSD and TEM.The results indicate that elevated rolling temperatures reduce the f(g)max(Copper)/f(g)max(Brass)ratio,increase S-Brass fine bands,and promote S-dispersoid precipitation,leading to finer recrystallized grains.Dominant recrystallization textures transform from Goss+P to Goss and then to Goss+Cube with increasing rolling temperature.Annealing at 350℃shows four tensile strength response stages:fast softening I,rapid strengthening II,slow strengthening III,and slow softening IV.The transition from Stages I to II is driven by the formation of strong Goss and P textures,and Stage IV is linked to enhanced Cube texture.Plates with Goss+Cube textures and fine equiaxed grains exhibit the lowest YS/UTS ratio and minimal anisotropy.展开更多
The influences of rare earth(RE)addition on stored deformation energy and stored-energy-driven microstructure evolution as well as the resulting texture transformation of ultra-low carbon interstitial-free(IF)steels w...The influences of rare earth(RE)addition on stored deformation energy and stored-energy-driven microstructure evolution as well as the resulting texture transformation of ultra-low carbon interstitial-free(IF)steels were carefully studied in this study,to clarify the micro-alloying effect of RE elements on texture configuration and formability under the dual low-oxygen conditions of molten steel and La-Ce mischmetal.Results indicate that a trace amount of RE addition can significantly reduce the stored energy of cold-rolled IF steels by increasing sub-distorted areas within the deformed matrix.These areas,primarily dominated by the{112}deformation texture,are preferential formation sites for recrystallization γ textures,particularly for the{111}component.In the annealing process,continuous static recrystallization(CSRX)predominantly occurs in these sub-distorted regions.The time-consuming boundary transition from low-angle grain boundary(LAGB)to high-angle grain boundary(HAGB)during CSRX provides favorable time condition for the growth of{111}-oriented grains and the formation of corresponding texture.Dissolved RE elements can drag the motion of dislocations and pin the migration of boundaries,thereby significantly prolonging the occurrence time of this transition process and increasing the orientation distribution density of the{111}recrystallization texture,a phenomenon rarely observed in RE-free IF steels.As a result,the distribution density of{111}texture gradually becomes comparable to that of{111}texture,contributing to a higher plastic strain ratio increased by 16%.This work offers theoretical guidance for manipulating the texture configuration and formability of IF steels through low-oxygen RE addition.展开更多
To elucidate the origin of mechanical anisotropy in cylindrical Mg alloy components containing long-periodic stacking-ordered(LPSO)phases and to provide guidance for component-level microstructure design,this study sy...To elucidate the origin of mechanical anisotropy in cylindrical Mg alloy components containing long-periodic stacking-ordered(LPSO)phases and to provide guidance for component-level microstructure design,this study systematically investigated the combined effects of texture and oriented LPSO phases on the three-dimensional mechanical anisotropy of a cylindrical Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloy component fabricated by back-extrusion.The results of uniaxial tensile tests show that there are significant differences in three-dimensional mechanical properties of cylindrical component,and the plastic anisotropy is more significant compared to the strength anisotropy.By comparing the Schmid factor(SF)distribution and slip mode of primary-texture and secondary-texture,it is revealed that primary-texture grains have a greater influence on strength anisotropy than secondary-texture grains.The larger SF difference between primary-texture grains and secondary-texture grains leads to significant gradient slip,uncoordinated strain and dislocation accumulation,which results in stronger dislocation strengthening,strain strengthening,and strength anisotropy.The fracture of blocky LPSO phases leads to straight cleavage planes,and the matrix is prone to the formation of numerous tearing ridges.The oriented blocky LPSO phase affects the strength anisotropy through load-bearing strengthening effect,and affects the plastic anisotropy by changing microcrack propagation mode and fracture mechanism.Overall,the oriented blocky LPSO phase has a more significant effect on mechanical anisotropy than the texture.展开更多
Investigating effect of recrystallization mechanism on deformation mode and texture evolution is conducive to controlling deformation mechanism and texture in magnesium alloys under medium-high temperature impact load...Investigating effect of recrystallization mechanism on deformation mode and texture evolution is conducive to controlling deformation mechanism and texture in magnesium alloys under medium-high temperature impact loading.In the present study,a Johnson-Cook model incorporating twin strengthening was established to simulate macro-deformation,and a twinning induced recrystallization(TDRX)model and bulging recrystallization(GBBDRX)model are introduced into visco-plastic self consistant(VPSC)framework to quantitatively study the deformation mechanism of pre-twinned AZ31 magnesium alloy during medium-high temperature impact loading.Both TDRX and GBBDRX occur,with basal slip as the dominant slip system,followed by pyramidal〈c+a〉slip and prismatic slip.The dynamic recrystallization(DRX)significantly influences basal and pyramidal〈c+a〉slip systems,with minimal impact on secondary deformation mechanism.In addition,the recrystallization mechanism of grain boundary bowing increases the activity of basal slip and decreases the activity of pyramidal〈c+a〉slip.The nucleation and growth of recrystallized grains enhance basal slip activity and suppress pyramidal〈c+a〉slip,leading to the formation of a strong basal texture.As dynamic recrystallization progresses,a bimodal texture develops,characterized by a reduction in basal component pole density and a more pronounced basal slip.展开更多
Conventional cross rolling is influenced by the force couple effect of symmetrical rollers,resulting in the c-axis of the plate grains being oriented perpendicular to the rolling surface.This orientation contributes t...Conventional cross rolling is influenced by the force couple effect of symmetrical rollers,resulting in the c-axis of the plate grains being oriented perpendicular to the rolling surface.This orientation contributes to a high degree of work hardening and mechanical anisotropy,thereby complicating subsequent processing.In this study,the hard plate cross rolling(HP-CR)process is put forward for the first time,and the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of rolled AZ31 Magnesium plate were analyzed.The results indicate that,in comparison to traditional cross rolling(CR),the average grain size of the HP-CR is refined to 5.33µm.Additionally,the average yield strength and elongation of the sheet are enhanced by 15.2%and 35.2%,respectively,while the average tensile strength is 283 MPa,and the r value decreases by 39.8%.These changes are attributed to the combined effects of grain refinement,microstructural homogenization,and basal texture weakening.On the one hand,the substantial energy stored in the original lattice distortion serves as a driving force for the dynamic recrystallization process,facilitating the elimination of the deformed grain structure.This process increases the proportion of recrystallized grains from 5%to 82%,reduces the degree of work hardening,and correspondingly decreases the density of geometrically necessary dislocations(ρGND)by 70.8%,accompanied by the formation of high-angle grain boundaries(HAGB).On the other hand,dynamic recrystallization promotes grain rearrangement,resulting in an increased number of grains oriented in the transverse direction(TD),which diminishes the texture strength of the basal plane.Concurrently,the activation of non-basal slip systems reduces the resistance to dislocation sliding in various directions,significantly reduces the degree of mechanical anisotropy and enhancing the plastic deformation capacity of the plate.This research provides valuable scientific insights and technical foundations for the large-scale manufacturing of high-performance AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets.展开更多
Phosphorus(P)leaching in alkaline soils,exacerbated by excessive fertilizer application,represents a significant pathway for P loss.While soil pore structure and texture critically regulate P transport,mechanisms gove...Phosphorus(P)leaching in alkaline soils,exacerbated by excessive fertilizer application,represents a significant pathway for P loss.While soil pore structure and texture critically regulate P transport,mechanisms governing P loss in texturally diverse alkaline soils remain unclear.This study investigated P leaching dynamics and transport parameters across four alkaline soil textures(silty clay,clay loam,loam,sandy loam)using a one-dimensional convective-diffusion equation(CDE)based on column experiments.Results indicated that phosphorus leaching kinetics were predominantly governed by diffusion transport,evidenced by low Peclet numbers(Pe)(ranged from 0.02 to 0.31)across varying textures and initial P concentrations(C0).Comparative analysis of transport parameters revealed significant textural effects on dispersion coefficient(D),retardation factor(R),pore water velocity(V),Pe,and diffusion coefficient(λ)(F>523.42,p89.47,p<0.001).Saturated hydraulic conductivity(Ks)(R2=62.9%,p<0.01)and total pore area(A)(R2=12.4%,p<0.01)emerged as primary regulators of P leaching.Enhanced clay content increased total pore area while reducing average pore diameter,concurrently decreasing pore water velocity and saturated infiltration rates.These textural modifications amplified diffusive P transport within soil matrices.The findings provide mechanistic insights into texturedependent P mobility in alkaline environments,informing targeted strategies for agricultural phosphorus management.展开更多
The 6D pose estimation of objects is of great significance for the intelligent assembly and sorting of industrial parts.In the industrial robot production scenarios,the 6D pose estimation of industrial parts mainly fa...The 6D pose estimation of objects is of great significance for the intelligent assembly and sorting of industrial parts.In the industrial robot production scenarios,the 6D pose estimation of industrial parts mainly faces two challenges:one is the loss of information and interference caused by occlusion and stacking in the sorting scenario,the other is the difficulty of feature extraction due to the weak texture of industrial parts.To address the above problems,this paper proposes an attention-based pixel-level voting network for 6D pose estimation of weakly textured industrial parts,namely CB-PVNet.On the one hand,the voting scheme can predict the keypoints of affected pixels,which improves the accuracy of keypoint localization even in scenarios such as weak texture and partial occlusion.On the other hand,the attention mechanism can extract interesting features of the object while suppressing useless features of surroundings.Extensive comparative experiments were conducted on both public datasets(including LINEMOD,Occlusion LINEMOD and T-LESS datasets)and self-made datasets.The experimental results indicate that the proposed network CB-PVNet can achieve accuracy of ADD(-s)comparable to state-of-the-art using only RGB images while ensuring real-time performance.Additionally,we also conducted robot grasping experiments in the real world.The balance between accuracy and computational efficiency makes the method well-suited for applications in industrial automation.展开更多
Surface texture technology is a method to improve the tribological properties of friction pairs.In this study,a cylindrical texture is designed in cage pocket,and then the volume of fluid model and the multireference ...Surface texture technology is a method to improve the tribological properties of friction pairs.In this study,a cylindrical texture is designed in cage pocket,and then the volume of fluid model and the multireference frame method are used to investigate the oil volume fraction inside the bearing cavity,the pressure and oil distribution on the ball surface,and the oil distribution on the inner/outer raceway.The results show that the cylindrical texture in cage pocket is helpful to increase the oil volume fraction inside the bearing cavity,improve the pressure distribution on the ball surface,and increase the oil content on the ball surface.The cage pocket texture helps the ball to carry more lubrication oil in the high-speed rotation process,which increases the oil content of the outer raceway and improves the oil-air lubrication effect of the ball.This study proposes a new texture arrangement in cage pocket of angular contact ball bearings,and introduces the mixed mesh method to divide the fluid domain of bearing.Through comparative study,the cage pocket texture is helpful to improve the oil-air lubrication efficiency.展开更多
To investigate the evolution of grain orientation and slip modes in magnesium alloys with multiple texture components,an AZ31 gradient-structured magnesium alloy sheet was fabricated using hard plate rolling(HPR).The ...To investigate the evolution of grain orientation and slip modes in magnesium alloys with multiple texture components,an AZ31 gradient-structured magnesium alloy sheet was fabricated using hard plate rolling(HPR).The changes in texture and slip modes under different reductions were examined.The results demonstrate that the AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets display a self-epitaxial gradient structure,with the best mechanical properties observed at rolling temperature of 673 K and reduction of 50%.Significant changes in texture type and strength are observed along the normal direction(ND)of the sheet.The coarse-grain region exhibits a bimodal texture aligned with the rolling direction.These texture variations enhance the stress distribution at the fine grain-coarse grain interface,influencing the grain orientation and the activation of different slip modes,thus improving the mechanical properties of gradient-structured magnesium alloy sheets.This approach offers a new strategy for the fabrication of high-performance magnesium alloy sheets.展开更多
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)are currently confronted with the challenge of achieving long-term cyclic stability under high current densities.This issue is primarily attributed to the excessive growth of dendrites...Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)are currently confronted with the challenge of achieving long-term cyclic stability under high current densities.This issue is primarily attributed to the excessive growth of dendrites and the occurrence of significant side reactions.Herein,sucralose(SCL),as an electrolyte additive,has been used to promote the exposure of the Zn(002)texture.The introduction of SCL can adjust the Zn~(2+)nucleation and diffusion along different crystal facets,promoting the exposure of the Zn(002)texture.By substituting water molecules in the[Zn(H2O)6]~(2+),SCL reconfigures the hydrogen bond network in the electrolyte,reconstructing the solvation structure and suppressing the hydrogen evolution reaction.Consequently,the Zn//Zn symmetric battery exhibits long-term cycling stability of over 4900 h at 1 mA cm-2-1 mAh cm-2.Even at a harsh condition of 30 mA cm-2-30 mAh cm-2(DOD=73.3%),it can stably cycle for 171 h.The CE of the Zn//Cu half battery reaches 99.61% at 0.2 mA cm-2with 0.2 mAh cm-2.Employing the optimized electrolyte,after 500 cycles,a high specific capacity of 420 mAh g-1can be retained for the NH_4V_4O10//Zn full battery at 500 mA g-1,corresponding to a capacity retention of 90.7%.展开更多
The effect of Mn content on the microstructure,texture,and room-temperature mechanical properties of hot-extruded Mg-2Nd-1Gd alloy was investigated.The microstructure of hot-extruded Mg-2Nd-1Gd-x Mn(x=0,0.25 wt%,and 0...The effect of Mn content on the microstructure,texture,and room-temperature mechanical properties of hot-extruded Mg-2Nd-1Gd alloy was investigated.The microstructure of hot-extruded Mg-2Nd-1Gd-x Mn(x=0,0.25 wt%,and 0.5 wt%)alloys consisted primarily of a fine-grainedα-Mg matrix phase and point-like,streamline-distributed Mg41(Nd,Gd)5 phase along the extrusion direction.In the extruded Mg-2Nd-1Gd-0.25Mn and Mg-2Nd-1Gd-0.5Mn alloys,Mn was mainly present as solid-solution Mn atoms andα-Mn particles,respectively.With increasing Mn content,the recrystallization fraction of the Mg-2Nd-1Gd-xMn alloys increased from79%to 94.3%,and then decreased to 77.8%.Meanwhile,the average grain size first increased from 7.9 to 11.9μm and then decreased to 7.5μm.Microstructural characterization revealed that the solid-solution Mn atoms in the extruded Mg-2Nd-1Gd-0.25Mn alloy reduced the segregation of Nd and Gd,thereby weakening the solute drag effect.In contrast,α-Mn particles pinned the grain boundaries and delayed the recrystallization process in the extruded Mg-2Nd-1Gd-0.5Mn alloy.The extruded Mg-2Nd-1Gd and Mg-2Nd-1Gd-0.25Mn alloys exhibited a typical rare-earth texture,whereas the extruded Mg-2Nd-1Gd-0.5Mn alloy displayed a basal texture combined with a rare-earth texture due to the presence of deformed grains.Among the extruded Mg-2Nd-1Gd-xMn alloys,the Mg-2Nd-1Gd-0.5Mn variant exhibited the best room-temperature mechanical properties,with a yield strength of 138.0 MPa,an ultimate tensile strength of 231.1 MPa,and an elongation of 38.8%.Quantitative analysis indicated that grain boundary and dislocation strengthening were the main contributors to the yield strength of the extruded Mg-2Nd-1Gd-0.5Mn alloy,accounting for 44%and 24.1%,respectively.展开更多
The texture in magnesium(Mg)alloy affects dislocation nucleation and slip transfer,strain distribution(deformation uniformity),which lead to complex strain hardening behaviors.Basal texture-induced anisotropy has long...The texture in magnesium(Mg)alloy affects dislocation nucleation and slip transfer,strain distribution(deformation uniformity),which lead to complex strain hardening behaviors.Basal texture-induced anisotropy has long limited the formability and strain hardening of Mg alloys.In this work,the Conform process,characterized by intense shear deformation and continuous self-heating,was applied to forge,shear,and recrystallize the grain orientations of an AZ31 Mg alloy.The origins of texture evolution and its roles in strain hardening were investigated by integrating multiscale experiments with visco-plastic self-consistent(VPSC)modeling.The results demonstrated that the pronounced basal texture,together with the bimodal grain size distribution in the as-received alloy,imparted a higher yield strength but constrained its strain-hardening capability.The Conform-processed alloy,with a texture inclination angle of 64°,exhibited a synergistic deformation mode,characterized by stronger basal slip,earlier and sustainedactivity,and increased twin participation that collectively accommodated plastic deformation.This synergy increased dislocation density,with a significant rise in the proportion ofdislocations(from 81.9%to 92.1%)anddislocations(from 18.1%to 40.9%)after Conform processing.These changes in dislocation populations enhanced slip-twin transfer,leading to lower yield strength but improved strain-hardening capacity and tensile ductility.These results demonstrated that Conform process provided an effective strategy for tailoring texture-dependent deformation mechanisms and manufacturing Mg alloys with enhanced strength-ductility synergy.展开更多
Polycrystalline SnSe thin film materials have gained increasing attention as a promising solution for fabricating microscale,flexible,self-powered electronic components in the field of thermoelectric(TE)materials and ...Polycrystalline SnSe thin film materials have gained increasing attention as a promising solution for fabricating microscale,flexible,self-powered electronic components in the field of thermoelectric(TE)materials and devices.However,it is still a great challenge to simultaneously achieve preferred crystal orientation and optimize carrier concentration for SnSe thin films,which are two crucial factors affecting the TE performance,due to the high volatility of Se.Herein,a simple and scalable method using the magnetron co-sputtering technique with SnSe2 and SnSe targets is proposed for preparing highly textured polycrystalline SnSe thin films with appropriate carrier concentration.It was found that during the high-temperature deposition process,SnSe2 transforms into SnSe,improving their anisotropy of electronic bands around the valley extrema,inducing localized strain field and stacking faults,and the incorporation of Se facilitates an increase in carrier concentration.The co-sputtered SnSe thin films show a 45%higher power factor of 2.77µW cm-1K-2 compared to that constructed by mono-sputtered SnSe films with the SnSe target alone.Additionally,localized strain field and stacking faults also serve as centers for phonon scattering,thereby reducing lattice thermal conductivity.Consequently,the estimated zT value of 0.65 at 650 K of the polycrystalline SnSe film reaches a relatively high level.展开更多
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)hold promising prospects for large-scale energy storage systems,yet their commercialization is hindered by dendritic growth and water-induced side reactions associated with zinc anodes...Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)hold promising prospects for large-scale energy storage systems,yet their commercialization is hindered by dendritic growth and water-induced side reactions associated with zinc anodes,especially at high depths of discharge(DOD).Herein,a multifunctional zincophilic additive is developed to promote the planar Zn deposition and construct a stable solid electrolyte interphase(SEI).Disodium malate(DMA)possesses pH-buffering capability that maintains electrolyte pH stability during prolonged cycling,effectively mitigating side reactions.Furthermore,the concentration of DMA significantly influences crystal deposition.An appropriate amount of DMA molecules selectively adsorbs onto the zinc foil,facilitating uniform zinc ion deposition on the(002)crystal plane.In addition,disodium maleate molecules reconfigure the electric double layer(EDL)to reduce free water interaction and promote the in-situ formation of the dense SEI,consisting of inorganic zinc salt and amorphous organic component,on the Zn metal surface.Notably,the dense organic-inorganic hybrid SEI layer persists with remarkable structural integrity even after long cycling.These features enable a highly reversible dendritefree Zn plating/stripping process and suppress side reactions.As a result,Zn||Zn cells with DMA additives demonstrate extended cycling stability,enduring up to 5000 h at 8.6%DOD.Moreover,DMA-modified Zn anodes achieve an exceptional cycle lifespan of 750 h under 81.9%DOD with a high coulombic efficiency of 99.81%in asymmetric cells.In full-cell configurations,Zn||I2 cells stably cycle for over 12,000 cycles,retaining 89.77%of their capacity.This electrolyte regulation strategy offers a compelling pathway for the development of aqueous zinc ion batteries.展开更多
The performance of hematite(α-Fe2O3)photoanodes for photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting has been limited to around 2-5 mA cm-2under standard conditions due to their short hole diffusion length and slugg...The performance of hematite(α-Fe2O3)photoanodes for photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting has been limited to around 2-5 mA cm-2under standard conditions due to their short hole diffusion length and sluggish oxygen evolution reaction kinetics.This work overcomes those challenges through a synergistic strategy that co-designs the hematite architecture and the surface reaction pathway.We introduce a textured and hierarchically porous Ti-doped Fe2O3(tp-Fe2O3)photoanode,synthesized via multi-cycle growth and flame annealing method.This unique architecture features a high texture(110),enlarged surface area,and hierarchically porous structure,which enable significantly enhanced bulk charge transport and interfacial charge transfer compared to typical nanorod Ti-doped Fe2O3(nr-Fe2O3).As a result,the tp-Fe2O3photoanode achieves a photocurrent density of 3.1 mA cm-2at 1.23 V vs.RHE with exceptional stability over 105 h,notably without any co-catalyst.By replacing the OER with the hydrazine oxidation reaction,the photocurrent further reaches a record-high level of 7.1 mA cm-2at 1.23 VRHE.Finally,when we integrate the tp-Fe2O3with a commercial Si solar cell,it achieves a solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of 8.7%-the highest reported value for any Fe2O3-based PVtandem system.This work provides critical insights into rational Fe2O3photoanode design and highlights the potential of hydrazine as an efficient alternative anodic reaction,enabling waste valorization.展开更多
Epoxy resins are widely used as protective coatings due to their excellent adhesion and chemical resistance;however,their inherent brittleness and susceptibility to shear stress-induced crack propagation limit their t...Epoxy resins are widely used as protective coatings due to their excellent adhesion and chemical resistance;however,their inherent brittleness and susceptibility to shear stress-induced crack propagation limit their tribological performance.This study investigates the stress distribution mechanisms governing the wear resistance of solvent-textured epoxy coatings using finite element analysis(FEA)and experimental validation.Three solvents with distinct volatilities—acetone,methyl ethyl ketone(MEK),and ethyl acetate(EA)—generated characteristic surface morphologies through Marangoni convection,with roughness ranging from Ra=0.17μm(EA)to 0.66μm(acetone).X-ray diffraction(XRD)and Fourier-transform infrared(FT-IR)spectroscopy confirmed identical chemical structures regardless of solvent type,isolating surface morphology as the sole variable.FEA simulations revealed that textured surfaces experienced higher localized coating stress(58.24 vs.15.35 MPa for smooth surfaces),while stress transmitted to the counterface remained comparable(~6.9 vs.~6.7 MPa).The FEA predictions were validated through tribological testing:MEK-derived coatings achieved a wear rate of 3.0×10-8 mm3/N·mm,36%lower than bare glass and 80%lower than acetone-based coatings.All coatings converged to a steady-state friction coefficient of 0.51±0.02.The microdroplet morphology reduced the real contact area and trapped wear debris,suppressing abrasive wear.This integrated computational-experimental methodology demonstrates that FEA effectively predicts tribological performance of textured surfaces,establishing design guidelines for wear-resistant coatings through solvent selection without external additives.This approach provides a simple and cost-effective route for fabricating wear-resistant polymer coatings applicable to precision devices,optical films,and protective coating technologies where tribological reliability is a primary concern.展开更多
Floating ring bearings are widely used in high-speed turbomachinery such as turbochargers and turbogenerators.Research-ers have recently explored various surface texturing strategies on the inner surface of floating r...Floating ring bearings are widely used in high-speed turbomachinery such as turbochargers and turbogenerators.Research-ers have recently explored various surface texturing strategies on the inner surface of floating rings to enhance bearing performance.In this study,the herring patterns are textured on the inner surface of the floating ring.This pattern is inspired by the secondary flight feathers of the Indian pigeon,which aid the bird in reducing viscous drag during flight.The result-ing Herringbone Textured Floating Ring Bearing(HTFRB)is investigated for its potential application in locomotive turbo-chargers.The HTFRB is numerically modeled using the Reynolds equation to evaluate the bearing's pressure distribution and static characteristics,including load-carrying capacity,power loss,and side leakage.Dynamic characteristics are determined by solving the zeroth-and first-order perturbed Reynolds equation.A Sobol sensitivity analysis is conducted to quantify the influence of groove parameters-helix angle,groove depth,groove width ratio,and number of grooves-on bearing performance metrics.An artificial intelligence-based optimization framework,integrating artificial neural networks and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems,is developed to maximize load carrying capacity while minimiz-ing power loss,side leakage,and friction coefficient.The optimized texture parameters obtained from this framework are employed to validate the ANN model and evaluate the static and dynamic characteristics of the HTFRB.The dynamic coefficients of the HTFRB are further employed to evaluate the stability and robustness of the turbocharger rotor-HTFRB system.This study underscores the potential of combining bio-inspired texture design with numerical modeling and AI-based optimization to develop high-performance HTFRB.展开更多
Machine learning(ML)models were trained to predict the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction constant D and anisotropy constant K of spin textures from Lorentz transmission electron microscopy(LTEM)images.Two ML models,co...Machine learning(ML)models were trained to predict the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction constant D and anisotropy constant K of spin textures from Lorentz transmission electron microscopy(LTEM)images.Two ML models,convolutional neural network(CNN)and vision transformer(ViT),were trained,tested and employed to predict the values of D and K.Firstly,training and testing datasets composed of 9300 topological spin textures were prepared using the micromagnetic simulation method with the values of D and K randomly chosen.Secondly,the performance of the CNN model for predicting D and K values was investigated by varying the number of training data,the pooling process,and the number of fully connected layers,which indicated high prediction accuracies.Thirdly,better performance of the ViT model for predicting D and K values was achieved with the coefficient of determination R2 reaching as high as 0.9987 and 0.9991 for predicting D and K values,respectively.Particularly,the reliance on synthetic data and noise robustness was discussed.Finally,the prediction abilities of CNN and Vi T models were evaluated and compared.The results of this research indicate that the ML models can achieve the material parameters directly and effectively from LTEM images,and this process may contribute to the design of advanced devices based on the topological spin textures.展开更多
High-temperature rolling effectively weakens the texture of Mg sheets,but it leads to grain coarsening and high energy cost.This study introduces a low-temperature(100°C)rolling in dilute Mg-1Zn-1Sn-0.2Ca(ZTX110)...High-temperature rolling effectively weakens the texture of Mg sheets,but it leads to grain coarsening and high energy cost.This study introduces a low-temperature(100°C)rolling in dilute Mg-1Zn-1Sn-0.2Ca(ZTX110)alloy capable of achieving weakened texture.Zn/Sn/Ca additions promote the accumulation of high-energydislocations near high-density deformation twins and shear bands.This enhances the driving force for twinning and shear band-induced recrystallization in the subsequent annealing,thus substantially expanding randomlyoriented grains and weakening texture.During early annealing stage,initially segregated Zn atoms at twin boundaries migrate into the matrix mediated by residual dislocations,reducing solute drag and facilitating growth of randomly-oriented grains.Upon complete consumption of residual dislocations as recrystallization progresses,Zn atoms gradually re-segregate to grain boundaries of newly nucleated random grains,suppressing grain coarsening.These findings reveal a designed rolling regime enabling texture weakening of Mg sheets by activating profusedislocations and dynamic solute partitioning.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52272123,52072301,12504037)the Outstanding Scholar Foundation for Technology Innovation of Shaanxi Province(2024)+3 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFB3504901)Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province(No.2025JC-YBMS-467)Guangxi Science and Technology Plan Project(No.AB22035043)the‘111’Project(No.B20028)。
摘要SrTiO3-based thermoelectric ceramics show potential for high-temperature energy harvesting but face challenges from inefficient carrier transport and high thermal conductivity.This work presents a multi-scale structural engineering strategy to address these challenges,fabricating textured Sr0.875La0.1Ti O3m Ti/10 wt%Bi2O3(SLTTB)ceramics via plate-like SrTiO3templates.Through this design,the ceramics form a unique core-shell architecture,where template seeds act as growth cores for epitaxially alignedoriented grains,forming coherent interfaces with a precipitate-rich interlayer and a precipitate-free shell.In the interlayer,uniformly distributed“peanut-shaped”Bi-Ti_nO2n-1nanoparticle pairs enhance electron mobility and phonon scattering.The hierarchical microstructure creates multiscale coherent interfaces that reduce electron grain boundary scattering,enabling preferential electron transport pathways parallel to the casting direction.This architecture enables the decoupling of electrical and thermal properties,with a power factor reaching 1815μW/m/K2at 1073 K with thermal conductivity suppressed by interfacial and nanoparticle scattering.Consequently,the SLTTB textured ceramic achieves a notable ZT of 0.64 at 1073 K,a significant enhancement over conventional counterparts.This work demonstrates a multi-scale structural strategy integrating template-induced texture,core-shell design,and nanoscale interface modulation to decouple the electrical and thermal properties of SrTiO3-based materials,and provides a roadmap for tailoring the electrical-thermal transport properties of thermoelectric textured ceramics.
基金financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFB0300900)the National Key Fundamental Research Project of China(No.2012CB619506-3)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51171209)。
摘要Texture and grain structure evolution during annealing and their effects on tensile strength and anisotropy were studied using XRD,DSC,SEM,EBSD and TEM.The results indicate that elevated rolling temperatures reduce the f(g)max(Copper)/f(g)max(Brass)ratio,increase S-Brass fine bands,and promote S-dispersoid precipitation,leading to finer recrystallized grains.Dominant recrystallization textures transform from Goss+P to Goss and then to Goss+Cube with increasing rolling temperature.Annealing at 350℃shows four tensile strength response stages:fast softening I,rapid strengthening II,slow strengthening III,and slow softening IV.The transition from Stages I to II is driven by the formation of strong Goss and P textures,and Stage IV is linked to enhanced Cube texture.Plates with Goss+Cube textures and fine equiaxed grains exhibit the lowest YS/UTS ratio and minimal anisotropy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52501193,52321001)the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.ZDRW-CN-2021-3).
摘要The influences of rare earth(RE)addition on stored deformation energy and stored-energy-driven microstructure evolution as well as the resulting texture transformation of ultra-low carbon interstitial-free(IF)steels were carefully studied in this study,to clarify the micro-alloying effect of RE elements on texture configuration and formability under the dual low-oxygen conditions of molten steel and La-Ce mischmetal.Results indicate that a trace amount of RE addition can significantly reduce the stored energy of cold-rolled IF steels by increasing sub-distorted areas within the deformed matrix.These areas,primarily dominated by the{112}deformation texture,are preferential formation sites for recrystallization γ textures,particularly for the{111}component.In the annealing process,continuous static recrystallization(CSRX)predominantly occurs in these sub-distorted regions.The time-consuming boundary transition from low-angle grain boundary(LAGB)to high-angle grain boundary(HAGB)during CSRX provides favorable time condition for the growth of{111}-oriented grains and the formation of corresponding texture.Dissolved RE elements can drag the motion of dislocations and pin the migration of boundaries,thereby significantly prolonging the occurrence time of this transition process and increasing the orientation distribution density of the{111}recrystallization texture,a phenomenon rarely observed in RE-free IF steels.As a result,the distribution density of{111}texture gradually becomes comparable to that of{111}texture,contributing to a higher plastic strain ratio increased by 16%.This work offers theoretical guidance for manipulating the texture configuration and formability of IF steels through low-oxygen RE addition.
基金Project(2024YFB3411200)supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of ChinaProjects(U1837207,52205433)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China+1 种基金Project(2022JJ40608)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Youth Science Foundation Project of Hunan Province,ChinaProject(ZZYJKT2023-04)supported by the Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance,China。
摘要To elucidate the origin of mechanical anisotropy in cylindrical Mg alloy components containing long-periodic stacking-ordered(LPSO)phases and to provide guidance for component-level microstructure design,this study systematically investigated the combined effects of texture and oriented LPSO phases on the three-dimensional mechanical anisotropy of a cylindrical Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloy component fabricated by back-extrusion.The results of uniaxial tensile tests show that there are significant differences in three-dimensional mechanical properties of cylindrical component,and the plastic anisotropy is more significant compared to the strength anisotropy.By comparing the Schmid factor(SF)distribution and slip mode of primary-texture and secondary-texture,it is revealed that primary-texture grains have a greater influence on strength anisotropy than secondary-texture grains.The larger SF difference between primary-texture grains and secondary-texture grains leads to significant gradient slip,uncoordinated strain and dislocation accumulation,which results in stronger dislocation strengthening,strain strengthening,and strength anisotropy.The fracture of blocky LPSO phases leads to straight cleavage planes,and the matrix is prone to the formation of numerous tearing ridges.The oriented blocky LPSO phase affects the strength anisotropy through load-bearing strengthening effect,and affects the plastic anisotropy by changing microcrack propagation mode and fracture mechanism.Overall,the oriented blocky LPSO phase has a more significant effect on mechanical anisotropy than the texture.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52471132,52475356,12272192,52475344,U21A20130)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province for Distinguished Young Scholars(2024J010031)as well as the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(grant number CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0886).
摘要Investigating effect of recrystallization mechanism on deformation mode and texture evolution is conducive to controlling deformation mechanism and texture in magnesium alloys under medium-high temperature impact loading.In the present study,a Johnson-Cook model incorporating twin strengthening was established to simulate macro-deformation,and a twinning induced recrystallization(TDRX)model and bulging recrystallization(GBBDRX)model are introduced into visco-plastic self consistant(VPSC)framework to quantitatively study the deformation mechanism of pre-twinned AZ31 magnesium alloy during medium-high temperature impact loading.Both TDRX and GBBDRX occur,with basal slip as the dominant slip system,followed by pyramidal〈c+a〉slip and prismatic slip.The dynamic recrystallization(DRX)significantly influences basal and pyramidal〈c+a〉slip systems,with minimal impact on secondary deformation mechanism.In addition,the recrystallization mechanism of grain boundary bowing increases the activity of basal slip and decreases the activity of pyramidal〈c+a〉slip.The nucleation and growth of recrystallized grains enhance basal slip activity and suppress pyramidal〈c+a〉slip,leading to the formation of a strong basal texture.As dynamic recrystallization progresses,a bimodal texture develops,characterized by a reduction in basal component pole density and a more pronounced basal slip.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(No.JQ2022E004).
摘要Conventional cross rolling is influenced by the force couple effect of symmetrical rollers,resulting in the c-axis of the plate grains being oriented perpendicular to the rolling surface.This orientation contributes to a high degree of work hardening and mechanical anisotropy,thereby complicating subsequent processing.In this study,the hard plate cross rolling(HP-CR)process is put forward for the first time,and the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of rolled AZ31 Magnesium plate were analyzed.The results indicate that,in comparison to traditional cross rolling(CR),the average grain size of the HP-CR is refined to 5.33µm.Additionally,the average yield strength and elongation of the sheet are enhanced by 15.2%and 35.2%,respectively,while the average tensile strength is 283 MPa,and the r value decreases by 39.8%.These changes are attributed to the combined effects of grain refinement,microstructural homogenization,and basal texture weakening.On the one hand,the substantial energy stored in the original lattice distortion serves as a driving force for the dynamic recrystallization process,facilitating the elimination of the deformed grain structure.This process increases the proportion of recrystallized grains from 5%to 82%,reduces the degree of work hardening,and correspondingly decreases the density of geometrically necessary dislocations(ρGND)by 70.8%,accompanied by the formation of high-angle grain boundaries(HAGB).On the other hand,dynamic recrystallization promotes grain rearrangement,resulting in an increased number of grains oriented in the transverse direction(TD),which diminishes the texture strength of the basal plane.Concurrently,the activation of non-basal slip systems reduces the resistance to dislocation sliding in various directions,significantly reduces the degree of mechanical anisotropy and enhancing the plastic deformation capacity of the plate.This research provides valuable scientific insights and technical foundations for the large-scale manufacturing of high-performance AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42077067,42277329)the Projects of Talents Recruitment of GDUPT(No.XJ2005000301)。
摘要Phosphorus(P)leaching in alkaline soils,exacerbated by excessive fertilizer application,represents a significant pathway for P loss.While soil pore structure and texture critically regulate P transport,mechanisms governing P loss in texturally diverse alkaline soils remain unclear.This study investigated P leaching dynamics and transport parameters across four alkaline soil textures(silty clay,clay loam,loam,sandy loam)using a one-dimensional convective-diffusion equation(CDE)based on column experiments.Results indicated that phosphorus leaching kinetics were predominantly governed by diffusion transport,evidenced by low Peclet numbers(Pe)(ranged from 0.02 to 0.31)across varying textures and initial P concentrations(C0).Comparative analysis of transport parameters revealed significant textural effects on dispersion coefficient(D),retardation factor(R),pore water velocity(V),Pe,and diffusion coefficient(λ)(F>523.42,p89.47,p<0.001).Saturated hydraulic conductivity(Ks)(R2=62.9%,p<0.01)and total pore area(A)(R2=12.4%,p<0.01)emerged as primary regulators of P leaching.Enhanced clay content increased total pore area while reducing average pore diameter,concurrently decreasing pore water velocity and saturated infiltration rates.These textural modifications amplified diffusive P transport within soil matrices.The findings provide mechanistic insights into texturedependent P mobility in alkaline environments,informing targeted strategies for agricultural phosphorus management.
基金supported by the Knowledge Innovation Program of Wuhan-Shuguang Project(Grant No.2023010201020443)the School-Level Scientific Research Project Funding Program of Jianghan University(Grant No.2022XKZX33)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(Grant No.2024AFB466).
摘要The 6D pose estimation of objects is of great significance for the intelligent assembly and sorting of industrial parts.In the industrial robot production scenarios,the 6D pose estimation of industrial parts mainly faces two challenges:one is the loss of information and interference caused by occlusion and stacking in the sorting scenario,the other is the difficulty of feature extraction due to the weak texture of industrial parts.To address the above problems,this paper proposes an attention-based pixel-level voting network for 6D pose estimation of weakly textured industrial parts,namely CB-PVNet.On the one hand,the voting scheme can predict the keypoints of affected pixels,which improves the accuracy of keypoint localization even in scenarios such as weak texture and partial occlusion.On the other hand,the attention mechanism can extract interesting features of the object while suppressing useless features of surroundings.Extensive comparative experiments were conducted on both public datasets(including LINEMOD,Occlusion LINEMOD and T-LESS datasets)and self-made datasets.The experimental results indicate that the proposed network CB-PVNet can achieve accuracy of ADD(-s)comparable to state-of-the-art using only RGB images while ensuring real-time performance.Additionally,we also conducted robot grasping experiments in the real world.The balance between accuracy and computational efficiency makes the method well-suited for applications in industrial automation.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51965038)。
摘要Surface texture technology is a method to improve the tribological properties of friction pairs.In this study,a cylindrical texture is designed in cage pocket,and then the volume of fluid model and the multireference frame method are used to investigate the oil volume fraction inside the bearing cavity,the pressure and oil distribution on the ball surface,and the oil distribution on the inner/outer raceway.The results show that the cylindrical texture in cage pocket is helpful to increase the oil volume fraction inside the bearing cavity,improve the pressure distribution on the ball surface,and increase the oil content on the ball surface.The cage pocket texture helps the ball to carry more lubrication oil in the high-speed rotation process,which increases the oil content of the outer raceway and improves the oil-air lubrication effect of the ball.This study proposes a new texture arrangement in cage pocket of angular contact ball bearings,and introduces the mixed mesh method to divide the fluid domain of bearing.Through comparative study,the cage pocket texture is helpful to improve the oil-air lubrication efficiency.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province,China(No.JQ2022E004)。
摘要To investigate the evolution of grain orientation and slip modes in magnesium alloys with multiple texture components,an AZ31 gradient-structured magnesium alloy sheet was fabricated using hard plate rolling(HPR).The changes in texture and slip modes under different reductions were examined.The results demonstrate that the AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets display a self-epitaxial gradient structure,with the best mechanical properties observed at rolling temperature of 673 K and reduction of 50%.Significant changes in texture type and strength are observed along the normal direction(ND)of the sheet.The coarse-grain region exhibits a bimodal texture aligned with the rolling direction.These texture variations enhance the stress distribution at the fine grain-coarse grain interface,influencing the grain orientation and the activation of different slip modes,thus improving the mechanical properties of gradient-structured magnesium alloy sheets.This approach offers a new strategy for the fabrication of high-performance magnesium alloy sheets.
基金supported by the Anhui Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Initiative(202423i08050051)the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2408085MB029)+1 种基金the HFIPS Director’s Fund(YZJJGGZX202201)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China(B2024402018)。
摘要Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)are currently confronted with the challenge of achieving long-term cyclic stability under high current densities.This issue is primarily attributed to the excessive growth of dendrites and the occurrence of significant side reactions.Herein,sucralose(SCL),as an electrolyte additive,has been used to promote the exposure of the Zn(002)texture.The introduction of SCL can adjust the Zn~(2+)nucleation and diffusion along different crystal facets,promoting the exposure of the Zn(002)texture.By substituting water molecules in the[Zn(H2O)6]~(2+),SCL reconfigures the hydrogen bond network in the electrolyte,reconstructing the solvation structure and suppressing the hydrogen evolution reaction.Consequently,the Zn//Zn symmetric battery exhibits long-term cycling stability of over 4900 h at 1 mA cm-2-1 mAh cm-2.Even at a harsh condition of 30 mA cm-2-30 mAh cm-2(DOD=73.3%),it can stably cycle for 171 h.The CE of the Zn//Cu half battery reaches 99.61% at 0.2 mA cm-2with 0.2 mAh cm-2.Employing the optimized electrolyte,after 500 cycles,a high specific capacity of 420 mAh g-1can be retained for the NH_4V_4O10//Zn full battery at 500 mA g-1,corresponding to a capacity retention of 90.7%.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51771152)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFB1106800)+1 种基金the Qinchuang Yuan“Scientists+Engineers”Team Construction of Shaanxi Province,China(No.2022KXJ-063)the 100 Scientific and Technological Achievements Transformation Action Project of Shaanxi Province,China(No.2023-YDCGZH-18).
摘要The effect of Mn content on the microstructure,texture,and room-temperature mechanical properties of hot-extruded Mg-2Nd-1Gd alloy was investigated.The microstructure of hot-extruded Mg-2Nd-1Gd-x Mn(x=0,0.25 wt%,and 0.5 wt%)alloys consisted primarily of a fine-grainedα-Mg matrix phase and point-like,streamline-distributed Mg41(Nd,Gd)5 phase along the extrusion direction.In the extruded Mg-2Nd-1Gd-0.25Mn and Mg-2Nd-1Gd-0.5Mn alloys,Mn was mainly present as solid-solution Mn atoms andα-Mn particles,respectively.With increasing Mn content,the recrystallization fraction of the Mg-2Nd-1Gd-xMn alloys increased from79%to 94.3%,and then decreased to 77.8%.Meanwhile,the average grain size first increased from 7.9 to 11.9μm and then decreased to 7.5μm.Microstructural characterization revealed that the solid-solution Mn atoms in the extruded Mg-2Nd-1Gd-0.25Mn alloy reduced the segregation of Nd and Gd,thereby weakening the solute drag effect.In contrast,α-Mn particles pinned the grain boundaries and delayed the recrystallization process in the extruded Mg-2Nd-1Gd-0.5Mn alloy.The extruded Mg-2Nd-1Gd and Mg-2Nd-1Gd-0.25Mn alloys exhibited a typical rare-earth texture,whereas the extruded Mg-2Nd-1Gd-0.5Mn alloy displayed a basal texture combined with a rare-earth texture due to the presence of deformed grains.Among the extruded Mg-2Nd-1Gd-xMn alloys,the Mg-2Nd-1Gd-0.5Mn variant exhibited the best room-temperature mechanical properties,with a yield strength of 138.0 MPa,an ultimate tensile strength of 231.1 MPa,and an elongation of 38.8%.Quantitative analysis indicated that grain boundary and dislocation strengthening were the main contributors to the yield strength of the extruded Mg-2Nd-1Gd-0.5Mn alloy,accounting for 44%and 24.1%,respectively.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52374385, 52074114)Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province (2023RC3106)+2 种基金Graduate Training and Innovation Practice Base of Hunan Province, China Scholarship CouncilPostgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Hunan Province (QL20230094)the sponsorship of the China Scholarship Council (No. 202306130143)
摘要The texture in magnesium(Mg)alloy affects dislocation nucleation and slip transfer,strain distribution(deformation uniformity),which lead to complex strain hardening behaviors.Basal texture-induced anisotropy has long limited the formability and strain hardening of Mg alloys.In this work,the Conform process,characterized by intense shear deformation and continuous self-heating,was applied to forge,shear,and recrystallize the grain orientations of an AZ31 Mg alloy.The origins of texture evolution and its roles in strain hardening were investigated by integrating multiscale experiments with visco-plastic self-consistent(VPSC)modeling.The results demonstrated that the pronounced basal texture,together with the bimodal grain size distribution in the as-received alloy,imparted a higher yield strength but constrained its strain-hardening capability.The Conform-processed alloy,with a texture inclination angle of 64°,exhibited a synergistic deformation mode,characterized by stronger basal slip,earlier and sustainedactivity,and increased twin participation that collectively accommodated plastic deformation.This synergy increased dislocation density,with a significant rise in the proportion ofdislocations(from 81.9%to 92.1%)anddislocations(from 18.1%to 40.9%)after Conform processing.These changes in dislocation populations enhanced slip-twin transfer,leading to lower yield strength but improved strain-hardening capacity and tensile ductility.These results demonstrated that Conform process provided an effective strategy for tailoring texture-dependent deformation mechanisms and manufacturing Mg alloys with enhanced strength-ductility synergy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52073290 and 51927803)Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Liaoning Province(Grant No.2023JH6/100500004)+1 种基金Shenyang science and technology plan project(Grant No.23-407-3-23)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52201121)。
摘要Polycrystalline SnSe thin film materials have gained increasing attention as a promising solution for fabricating microscale,flexible,self-powered electronic components in the field of thermoelectric(TE)materials and devices.However,it is still a great challenge to simultaneously achieve preferred crystal orientation and optimize carrier concentration for SnSe thin films,which are two crucial factors affecting the TE performance,due to the high volatility of Se.Herein,a simple and scalable method using the magnetron co-sputtering technique with SnSe2 and SnSe targets is proposed for preparing highly textured polycrystalline SnSe thin films with appropriate carrier concentration.It was found that during the high-temperature deposition process,SnSe2 transforms into SnSe,improving their anisotropy of electronic bands around the valley extrema,inducing localized strain field and stacking faults,and the incorporation of Se facilitates an increase in carrier concentration.The co-sputtered SnSe thin films show a 45%higher power factor of 2.77µW cm-1K-2 compared to that constructed by mono-sputtered SnSe films with the SnSe target alone.Additionally,localized strain field and stacking faults also serve as centers for phonon scattering,thereby reducing lattice thermal conductivity.Consequently,the estimated zT value of 0.65 at 650 K of the polycrystalline SnSe film reaches a relatively high level.
基金financial support from the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.52225312)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LMS25E020002,LY24B030008)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52002101,52272292,and 2209032)supported by computational resources provided by the Australian Government through Gadi under the National Computa-tional Merit Allocation Scheme and was accessed through the SIH HPC Allocation Scheme(No.LE190100021).
摘要Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)hold promising prospects for large-scale energy storage systems,yet their commercialization is hindered by dendritic growth and water-induced side reactions associated with zinc anodes,especially at high depths of discharge(DOD).Herein,a multifunctional zincophilic additive is developed to promote the planar Zn deposition and construct a stable solid electrolyte interphase(SEI).Disodium malate(DMA)possesses pH-buffering capability that maintains electrolyte pH stability during prolonged cycling,effectively mitigating side reactions.Furthermore,the concentration of DMA significantly influences crystal deposition.An appropriate amount of DMA molecules selectively adsorbs onto the zinc foil,facilitating uniform zinc ion deposition on the(002)crystal plane.In addition,disodium maleate molecules reconfigure the electric double layer(EDL)to reduce free water interaction and promote the in-situ formation of the dense SEI,consisting of inorganic zinc salt and amorphous organic component,on the Zn metal surface.Notably,the dense organic-inorganic hybrid SEI layer persists with remarkable structural integrity even after long cycling.These features enable a highly reversible dendritefree Zn plating/stripping process and suppress side reactions.As a result,Zn||Zn cells with DMA additives demonstrate extended cycling stability,enduring up to 5000 h at 8.6%DOD.Moreover,DMA-modified Zn anodes achieve an exceptional cycle lifespan of 750 h under 81.9%DOD with a high coulombic efficiency of 99.81%in asymmetric cells.In full-cell configurations,Zn||I2 cells stably cycle for over 12,000 cycles,retaining 89.77%of their capacity.This electrolyte regulation strategy offers a compelling pathway for the development of aqueous zinc ion batteries.
基金supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(No.RS-2024-00335976)。
摘要The performance of hematite(α-Fe2O3)photoanodes for photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting has been limited to around 2-5 mA cm-2under standard conditions due to their short hole diffusion length and sluggish oxygen evolution reaction kinetics.This work overcomes those challenges through a synergistic strategy that co-designs the hematite architecture and the surface reaction pathway.We introduce a textured and hierarchically porous Ti-doped Fe2O3(tp-Fe2O3)photoanode,synthesized via multi-cycle growth and flame annealing method.This unique architecture features a high texture(110),enlarged surface area,and hierarchically porous structure,which enable significantly enhanced bulk charge transport and interfacial charge transfer compared to typical nanorod Ti-doped Fe2O3(nr-Fe2O3).As a result,the tp-Fe2O3photoanode achieves a photocurrent density of 3.1 mA cm-2at 1.23 V vs.RHE with exceptional stability over 105 h,notably without any co-catalyst.By replacing the OER with the hydrazine oxidation reaction,the photocurrent further reaches a record-high level of 7.1 mA cm-2at 1.23 VRHE.Finally,when we integrate the tp-Fe2O3with a commercial Si solar cell,it achieves a solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of 8.7%-the highest reported value for any Fe2O3-based PVtandem system.This work provides critical insights into rational Fe2O3photoanode design and highlights the potential of hydrazine as an efficient alternative anodic reaction,enabling waste valorization.
基金supported by a research fund from Chosun University,2025.
摘要Epoxy resins are widely used as protective coatings due to their excellent adhesion and chemical resistance;however,their inherent brittleness and susceptibility to shear stress-induced crack propagation limit their tribological performance.This study investigates the stress distribution mechanisms governing the wear resistance of solvent-textured epoxy coatings using finite element analysis(FEA)and experimental validation.Three solvents with distinct volatilities—acetone,methyl ethyl ketone(MEK),and ethyl acetate(EA)—generated characteristic surface morphologies through Marangoni convection,with roughness ranging from Ra=0.17μm(EA)to 0.66μm(acetone).X-ray diffraction(XRD)and Fourier-transform infrared(FT-IR)spectroscopy confirmed identical chemical structures regardless of solvent type,isolating surface morphology as the sole variable.FEA simulations revealed that textured surfaces experienced higher localized coating stress(58.24 vs.15.35 MPa for smooth surfaces),while stress transmitted to the counterface remained comparable(~6.9 vs.~6.7 MPa).The FEA predictions were validated through tribological testing:MEK-derived coatings achieved a wear rate of 3.0×10-8 mm3/N·mm,36%lower than bare glass and 80%lower than acetone-based coatings.All coatings converged to a steady-state friction coefficient of 0.51±0.02.The microdroplet morphology reduced the real contact area and trapped wear debris,suppressing abrasive wear.This integrated computational-experimental methodology demonstrates that FEA effectively predicts tribological performance of textured surfaces,establishing design guidelines for wear-resistant coatings through solvent selection without external additives.This approach provides a simple and cost-effective route for fabricating wear-resistant polymer coatings applicable to precision devices,optical films,and protective coating technologies where tribological reliability is a primary concern.
摘要Floating ring bearings are widely used in high-speed turbomachinery such as turbochargers and turbogenerators.Research-ers have recently explored various surface texturing strategies on the inner surface of floating rings to enhance bearing performance.In this study,the herring patterns are textured on the inner surface of the floating ring.This pattern is inspired by the secondary flight feathers of the Indian pigeon,which aid the bird in reducing viscous drag during flight.The result-ing Herringbone Textured Floating Ring Bearing(HTFRB)is investigated for its potential application in locomotive turbo-chargers.The HTFRB is numerically modeled using the Reynolds equation to evaluate the bearing's pressure distribution and static characteristics,including load-carrying capacity,power loss,and side leakage.Dynamic characteristics are determined by solving the zeroth-and first-order perturbed Reynolds equation.A Sobol sensitivity analysis is conducted to quantify the influence of groove parameters-helix angle,groove depth,groove width ratio,and number of grooves-on bearing performance metrics.An artificial intelligence-based optimization framework,integrating artificial neural networks and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems,is developed to maximize load carrying capacity while minimiz-ing power loss,side leakage,and friction coefficient.The optimized texture parameters obtained from this framework are employed to validate the ANN model and evaluate the static and dynamic characteristics of the HTFRB.The dynamic coefficients of the HTFRB are further employed to evaluate the stability and robustness of the turbocharger rotor-HTFRB system.This study underscores the potential of combining bio-inspired texture design with numerical modeling and AI-based optimization to develop high-performance HTFRB.
摘要Machine learning(ML)models were trained to predict the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction constant D and anisotropy constant K of spin textures from Lorentz transmission electron microscopy(LTEM)images.Two ML models,convolutional neural network(CNN)and vision transformer(ViT),were trained,tested and employed to predict the values of D and K.Firstly,training and testing datasets composed of 9300 topological spin textures were prepared using the micromagnetic simulation method with the values of D and K randomly chosen.Secondly,the performance of the CNN model for predicting D and K values was investigated by varying the number of training data,the pooling process,and the number of fully connected layers,which indicated high prediction accuracies.Thirdly,better performance of the ViT model for predicting D and K values was achieved with the coefficient of determination R2 reaching as high as 0.9987 and 0.9991 for predicting D and K values,respectively.Particularly,the reliance on synthetic data and noise robustness was discussed.Finally,the prediction abilities of CNN and Vi T models were evaluated and compared.The results of this research indicate that the ML models can achieve the material parameters directly and effectively from LTEM images,and this process may contribute to the design of advanced devices based on the topological spin textures.
基金Financial supports from The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U24A20104,52401049,52427806,and 52471038)The National Key Research and Development Program(No.2024YFB3408900)are greatly acknowledged.
摘要High-temperature rolling effectively weakens the texture of Mg sheets,but it leads to grain coarsening and high energy cost.This study introduces a low-temperature(100°C)rolling in dilute Mg-1Zn-1Sn-0.2Ca(ZTX110)alloy capable of achieving weakened texture.Zn/Sn/Ca additions promote the accumulation of high-energydislocations near high-density deformation twins and shear bands.This enhances the driving force for twinning and shear band-induced recrystallization in the subsequent annealing,thus substantially expanding randomlyoriented grains and weakening texture.During early annealing stage,initially segregated Zn atoms at twin boundaries migrate into the matrix mediated by residual dislocations,reducing solute drag and facilitating growth of randomly-oriented grains.Upon complete consumption of residual dislocations as recrystallization progresses,Zn atoms gradually re-segregate to grain boundaries of newly nucleated random grains,suppressing grain coarsening.These findings reveal a designed rolling regime enabling texture weakening of Mg sheets by activating profusedislocations and dynamic solute partitioning.