Generalised reduced masses with a set of equations governing the three relative motions between two of 3-bodies in their gravitational field are established,of which the dynamic characteristics of 3-body dynamics,fund...Generalised reduced masses with a set of equations governing the three relative motions between two of 3-bodies in their gravitational field are established,of which the dynamic characteristics of 3-body dynamics,fundamental bases of this paper,are revealed.Based on these findings,an equivalent system is developed,which is a 2-body system with its total mass,constant angular momentum,kinetic and potential energies same as the total ones of three relative motions,so that it can be solved using the well-known theory of the 2-body system.From the solution of an equivalent system with the revealed characteristics of three relative motions,the general theoretical solutions of the 3-body system are obtained in the curve-integration forms along the orbits in the imaged radial motion space.The possible periodical orbits with generalised Kepler’s law are presented.Following the description and mathematical demonstrations of the proposed methods,the examples including Euler’s/Lagrange’s problems,and a reported numerical one are solved to validate the proposed methods.The methods derived from the 3-body system are extended to N-body problems.展开更多
This paper addresses the existence of multiple nonradial and radial normalized solutions for the following Kirchhoff-type equations{-(a+b∫Rn|▽u|2dx)△u=f(x)-pu in RN,||u||2L^(2RN)=m,u∈H1(RN)...This paper addresses the existence of multiple nonradial and radial normalized solutions for the following Kirchhoff-type equations{-(a+b∫Rn|▽u|2dx)△u=f(x)-pu in RN,||u||2L^(2RN)=m,u∈H1(RN),where f∈C(R,R),a,b>0 are constants,μ∈R is not fixed and instead appears as a Lagrange multiplier and m>0 is a given constant.In a mass subcritical case,using a version of the minimax theorem([32,Theorem 2.1])for a class of constrained even functionals,we demonstrate the existence of one nonradial normalized solution when N≥4.Additionally,if N≥4 and N≠5,we obtain multiple nonradial normalized solutions.Moreover,the existence of infinitely many radial normalized solutions is explored for N≥2.Furthermore,all solutions discussed above are sign-changing.As a supplementary result,we also prove the nonexistence of nontrivial solutions.Lastly,we analyze the asymptotic behavior of all solutions obtained above as b→0.展开更多
In this paper,we are interested in the existence of solutions for the following Choquard type Brezis-Nirenberg problem{-△u=(∫Ωu6-α(y)/|x-y|α)u5-α+λu,inΩ,u>0,inΩ,u=0,on■Ω,whereΩis a smooth bo...In this paper,we are interested in the existence of solutions for the following Choquard type Brezis-Nirenberg problem{-△u=(∫Ωu6-α(y)/|x-y|α)u5-α+λu,inΩ,u>0,inΩ,u=0,on■Ω,whereΩis a smooth bounded domain in R3,α∈(0,3),6−αis the upper critical exponent in the sense of the Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequality,andλis a real positive parameter.By applying the reduction argument,we find and characterize a positive valueλ0 such that ifλ-λ0>0 is small enough,then the above problem admits a solution,which blows up and concentrates at the critical point of the Robin function asλ→λ0.Moreover,we consider the above problem under zero Neumann boundary condition.展开更多
It is well-known that appropriately determining the solution space and initializations is crucial for obtaining high-quality optimal solutions for optimization problems,considering both gradient-based and gradient-fre...It is well-known that appropriately determining the solution space and initializations is crucial for obtaining high-quality optimal solutions for optimization problems,considering both gradient-based and gradient-free techniques.However,the general framework for adaptively dealing with a particular optimization problem is commonly overlooked and thus still hidden in the literature.To overcome this limitation,a new approach assisted by the neural network(NN)is proposed for solving high-dimensional optimization issues.By restructuring the search space to optimize the objective function via a nonlinear mapping constructed by an autoencoder(AE),the surrogate solution space is constructed by a network training process and dynamically oriented to the optimal solution of the optimization issue.To enhance the optimization efficiency and address non-smooth problems,the classical metaheuristic grey wolf optimizer(GWO)and the adaptive moment estimation(Adam)are sequentially employed to complement the disadvantages of the constituted models.The effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated by solving a set of mathematical functions with 1000-dimensional and three large-scale truss design optimization problems.Several numerical experiments show that the solution space is reduced in terms of both size and complexity based on the restructuring procedure,in which the global optimal solution is still conserved,leading to better optimization efficiency when solving optimization problems with complex search domains with large dimensions.In addition,the hybrid optimizer has also been proven to be more effective when combined with the restructuring technique owing to the use of the Adam algorithm in the second phase.展开更多
In this article,we show the existence,uniqueness and stability of bounded solutions to the following quasilinear problems with mean curvature operator(φ'(x′(t)))′=f(t,x),t≥t0,limt→∞x(t)=ψ0,lim_(t→...In this article,we show the existence,uniqueness and stability of bounded solutions to the following quasilinear problems with mean curvature operator(φ'(x′(t)))′=f(t,x),t≥t0,limt→∞x(t)=ψ0,limt→∞x′(t)et=0,where t0 and ψ0 are real constants,φ(s)=s/√1−s2,s∈R with s∈(−1,1),f:[t0,∞)×R→R satisfies the Lipschitz or Osgood-type conditions.展开更多
In this paper,we investigate the existence and regularity of solutions for an anisotropic quasilinear elliptic problem possessing degenerate coercivity and a singular lower-order term{-∑i=1NDi|Diu^(pi-...In this paper,we investigate the existence and regularity of solutions for an anisotropic quasilinear elliptic problem possessing degenerate coercivity and a singular lower-order term{-∑i=1NDi|Diupi-2Diu/(1+|u|r)|]+b(x)∑i=1N|Diu|pi/|u|θ=h(u)f,x∈Ω,u=0,x∈∂Ωwhere Ω is a bounded C1,1 domain in RN(N≥3),the parameter 0<r<p-1 is used to control the decay rate of the degenerate term.We impose 0≤θ<1,2≤p1≤p2…pN,and the data f∈Lm(Ω)(m≥1)is nonnegative.h(u)is a continuous function exhibiting different behaviors:it behaves like s-γ1 near zero and s-γ2 at infinity,where γ1,γ2≥0.This paper illustrates how the existence and regularity of the solutions are influenced by the interplay among the lower-order gradient term,the behavior of h at infinity(or near zero)and the summability of the data f.展开更多
Undergraduate students majoring in clinical medicine are one of the important reserve forces of clinical doctors in China,and their pediatric clinical skills are directly related to their future clinical practice qual...Undergraduate students majoring in clinical medicine are one of the important reserve forces of clinical doctors in China,and their pediatric clinical skills are directly related to their future clinical practice quality and the diagnosis and treatment safety of children.At present,there are still some deficiencies in the training of pediatric clinical skills for undergraduate medical students,which restrict the effect of skill training and are difficult to meet the needs of pediatric clinical diagnosis and treatment positions.Focusing on four dimensions-teaching model,teaching resources,student learning,and assessment and incentive-this paper analyzes the existing problems in the training of pediatric clinical skills for undergraduate medical students and puts forward targeted solutions,aiming to provide references for optimizing the pediatric clinical skill training system and improving the pediatric clinical practice ability of undergraduate medical students.展开更多
We present the existenceon-existence criteria for large-amplitude boundary layer solutions to the inflow problem of the one-dimensional(1D)full compressible NavierStokes equations on a half line R_+.Instead of the cla...We present the existenceon-existence criteria for large-amplitude boundary layer solutions to the inflow problem of the one-dimensional(1D)full compressible NavierStokes equations on a half line R_+.Instead of the classical center manifold approach for the existence of small-amplitude boundary layer solutions in the previous results,the delicate global phase plane analysis,based on the qualitative theory of ODEs,is utilized to obtain the sufficient and necessary conditions for the existenceon-existence of large boundary layer solutions to the half-space inflow problem when the right end state belongs to the supersonic,transonic,and subsonic regions,respectively,which completely answers the existenceonexistence of boundary layer solutions to the half-space inflow problem of 1D full compressible Navier-Stokes equations.展开更多
During the use of robotics in applications such as antiterrorism or combat,a motion-constrained pursuer vehicle,such as a Dubins unmanned surface vehicle(USV),must get close enough(within a prescribed zero or positive...During the use of robotics in applications such as antiterrorism or combat,a motion-constrained pursuer vehicle,such as a Dubins unmanned surface vehicle(USV),must get close enough(within a prescribed zero or positive distance)to a moving target as quickly as possible,resulting in the extended minimum-time intercept problem(EMTIP).Existing research has primarily focused on the zero-distance intercept problem,MTIP,establishing the necessary or sufficient conditions for MTIP optimality,and utilizing analytic algorithms,such as root-finding algorithms,to calculate the optimal solutions.However,these approaches depend heavily on the properties of the analytic algorithm,making them inapplicable when problem settings change,such as in the case of a positive effective range or complicated target motions outside uniform rectilinear motion.In this study,an approach employing a high-accuracy and quality-guaranteed mixed-integer piecewise-linear program(QG-PWL)is proposed for the EMTIP.This program can accommodate different effective interception ranges and complicated target motions(variable velocity or complicated trajectories).The high accuracy and quality guarantees of QG-PWL originate from elegant strategies such as piecewise linearization and other developed operation strategies.The approximate error in the intercept path length is proved to be bounded to h2/(4√2),where h is the piecewise length.展开更多
Strong seismic excitation and fault dislocation are likely to occur simultaneously in high-intensity seismic zones,causing severe damage to tunnels crossing active fault zones.This paper aims to develop a novel analyt...Strong seismic excitation and fault dislocation are likely to occur simultaneously in high-intensity seismic zones,causing severe damage to tunnels crossing active fault zones.This paper aims to develop a novel analytical solution to determine the longitudinal mechanical responses of tunnels subjected to the combined effects of seismic waves and strike-slip faulting.Adopting the elastic springbeam model,the seismic waves are modelled as shear horizontal(SH)waves and the fault dislocation follows an S-shaped pattern;the superposition principle for free-fielddisplacements caused by both effects is assumed.In addition,the transmission and reflectionof seismic waves at the fault-rock geological interface and the tangential contact conditions at the tunnel-rock interface are considered.The analytical model is validated against numerical simulations,confirmingits accuracy in calculating tunnel responses.Moreover,a parametric study is conducted to evaluate the impact of key factors,including fault displacement,fault zone width,fault dip angle,earthquake frequency,rock conditions,tunnel lining stiffness,and tangential contact conditions,on tunnel responses.Compared with each effect alone,the combined effects of seismic waves and strike-slip faulting significantlychange the tunnel deformation and internal forces,leading to increased tunnel responses,especially within the fault zone and near the fault-rock interfaces.Depending on specificparameters,tunnel responses can be classifiedinto seismic-dominated,faulting-dominated,and seismic-faulting coupled responses on the basis of the relative contributions of each effect.The proposed analytical solution can be applied to quickly predict the longitudinal mechanical behaviour of tunnels under such combined effects in engineering applications.展开更多
An efficient and innovative method is presented for the stress-related structural topology optimization(TO)in coupled mechanical-pressure systems by leveraging flexible polygonal meshes.With a polytopal composite fini...An efficient and innovative method is presented for the stress-related structural topology optimization(TO)in coupled mechanical-pressure systems by leveraging flexible polygonal meshes.With a polytopal composite finite element approach,the volumetric locking in nearly incompressible materials is reduced.A fluid-flow-based model is built,in which a design-dependent pressure variable is introduced to capture the loading conditions within the system.The P-norm approach consolidates the stress metrics into a global measure,while the clustered regional scaling and adaptive techniques enhance the solutions for stress-limited cases.The primary contributions of this work include a novel framework for addressing the stress challenges in coupled mechanical-pressure systems via flow-based modeling,the adaptability to both compressible and nearly incompressible materials,and the compatibility with diverse mesh types,including triangular,quadrilateral,and polygonal elements.The numerical examples demonstrate,for the first time,optimized topologies for nearly incompressible materials under stress constraints in coupled mechanical-pressure environments,emphasizing the unique strength of this approach.展开更多
Circumlunar abort trajectories constitute a vital contingency return strategy during the translunar phase of crewed lunar missions.This paper proposes a methodology for constructing the solution set of the circumlunar...Circumlunar abort trajectories constitute a vital contingency return strategy during the translunar phase of crewed lunar missions.This paper proposes a methodology for constructing the solution set of the circumlunar abort trajectory and leverages its advantageous properties to address the optimization design problem of abort trajectories.Initially,a solution set of all feasible abort trajectories,originating from an abort point on the nominal trajectory and complying with fundamental reentry constraints,is formulated through the introduction of two novel design parameters.Subsequently,the geometric characteristics of the solution set,as well as the distributional properties of key iterative constraint responses,including flight time and velocity increment,are analyzed.Finally,the characteristics exhibited in the solution set are employed to directly identify the design parameters of the abort trajectories with minimum flight time and velocity increment,thereby providing solutions to two distinct types of optimization problems.The simulation results for a variety of nominal trajectories,encompassing the reconstruction and redesign of the Apollo13 abort trajectory,validate the proposed method,demonstrating its ability to directly generate optimal abort trajectories.The method proposed in this paper investigates feasible abort trajectories from a global perspective,providing both a framework and convenience for mission planning and iterative optimization in abort trajectory design.展开更多
this paper,we establish the a priori estimates for solutions of mixed Hessian quotient type equations on Sn.Then we obtain the existence and uniqueness of Γk-admissible solutions to the Lp dual Minkowski type p...this paper,we establish the a priori estimates for solutions of mixed Hessian quotient type equations on Sn.Then we obtain the existence and uniqueness of Γk-admissible solutions to the Lp dual Minkowski type problem with p≥q.Moreover,we show the existence of convex solutions by Constant Rank Theorem.展开更多
This study investigates the dimensionless quasi-geostrophic potential vorticity(QG-PV)equation with external sources.Employing the Gardner-Morikawa transformation and weakly nonlinear perturbation expansion,we derive ...This study investigates the dimensionless quasi-geostrophic potential vorticity(QG-PV)equation with external sources.Employing the Gardner-Morikawa transformation and weakly nonlinear perturbation expansion,we derive the nonlinear Boussinesq equation with external sources.We demonstrate the existence of explicit zero-order and first-order Wronskian solutions for the model equation whenα4=0.Furthermore,using a modified Jacobi elliptic function method,we obtain soliton-like solutions for bothα4=0 andα4≠0.Analysis of these solutions reveals that the generalizedβ-plane approximation and shear flow are significant factors in inducing nonlinear Rossby waves,and that external sources play a crucial role in influencing Rossby wave behavior.展开更多
1.Introductio n With the rapid development of automotive intelligent technologies,in-vehicle vision sensors have gained traction as essential components of intelligent driving systems,providing critical road condition...1.Introductio n With the rapid development of automotive intelligent technologies,in-vehicle vision sensors have gained traction as essential components of intelligent driving systems,providing critical road condition data,assisting driving decisions,and enabling autonomous driving functions.Compared with other in-vehicle perception sensors,vision sensors deliver more detailed and comprehensive environmental information,offering vital data to support intelligent driving decision-making and control[1].Therefore,the accuracy and reliability of visual perception directly influence the safety and performance of intelligent driving systems,making it a central factor in achieving truly intelligent and autonomous vehicles.Fig.1 illustrates the vision sensing in intelligent driving.展开更多
With the development of technology,diffusion model-based solvers have shown significant promise in solving Combinatorial Optimization(CO)problems,particularly in tackling Non-deterministic Polynomial-time hard(NP-hard...With the development of technology,diffusion model-based solvers have shown significant promise in solving Combinatorial Optimization(CO)problems,particularly in tackling Non-deterministic Polynomial-time hard(NP-hard)problems such as the Traveling Salesman Problem(TSP).However,existing diffusion model-based solvers typically employ a fixed,uniform noise schedule(e.g.,linear or cosine annealing)across all training instances,failing to fully account for the unique characteristics of each problem instance.To address this challenge,we present GraphGuided Diffusion Solvers(GGDS),an enhanced method for improving graph-based diffusion models.GGDS leverages Graph Neural Networks(GNNs)to capture graph structural information embedded in node coordinates and adjacency matrices,dynamically adjusting the noise levels in the diffusion model.This study investigates the TSP by examining two distinct time-step noise generation strategies:cosine annealing and a Neural Network(NN)-based approach.We evaluate their performance across different problem scales,particularly after integrating graph structural information.Experimental results indicate that GGDS outperforms previous methods with average performance improvements of 18.7%,6.3%,and 88.7%on TSP-500,TSP-100,and TSP-50,respectively.Specifically,GGDS demonstrates superior performance on TSP-500 and TSP-50,while its performance on TSP-100 is either comparable to or slightly better than that of previous methods,depending on the chosen noise schedule and decoding strategy.展开更多
In this study,FeCrxMnAlCu(x=0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0)high-entropy alloys were fabricated using vacuum arc melting,and the corrosion behavior of these alloys in 3.5wt%NaCl solution at room temperature was investigated by e...In this study,FeCrxMnAlCu(x=0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0)high-entropy alloys were fabricated using vacuum arc melting,and the corrosion behavior of these alloys in 3.5wt%NaCl solution at room temperature was investigated by electrochemical dynamic potential polarization curves and immersion experiments.The microstructure results show that the high-entropy alloy with x=0 has a body-centered cubic phase structure,whereas the high-entropy alloys with x=0.5–2.0 have a mixed face-centered cubic+body-centered cubic dual-phase structure.The corrosion results show that the corrosion resistance of the high-entropy alloy is increased with the increase in Cr content.Among them,the high-entropy alloy with x=2.0 exhibits the optimal corrosion resistance:the highest self-corrosion potential(Ecorr=−0.354 V vs.Ag/AgCl),the smallest self-corrosion current density(Icorr=1.991×10−6A·cm−2),and the smallest corrosion rate(0.0292 mm/a).The composite passivation film of oxides and hydroxides is formed on the surface of the corroded high-entropy alloys,and the Cr2O3content is increased with the increase in Cr content,which effectively improves the stability and protective properties of the passivation film.展开更多
In this paper,we prove the global existence of strong solutions to a two-dimensional(2D)Keller-Segel-Navier-Stokes system with subcritical sensitivity in a bounded domain.Using energy methods,interpolation inequalitie...In this paper,we prove the global existence of strong solutions to a two-dimensional(2D)Keller-Segel-Navier-Stokes system with subcritical sensitivity in a bounded domain.Using energy methods,interpolation inequalities and the Gronwall lemma,we establish uniform a priori estimates for the solutions.We prove the existence and uniqueness of global strong solutions under appropriate initial conditions,along with higher-order Sobolev regularity of solutions.The result extends existing conclusions and enriches the global wellposedness theory for chemotaxis-fluid coupled models.展开更多
Seismic isolation design typically emphasizes transverse responses of tunnels,with comparatively limited research on longitudinal isolation responses.Previous analytical solutions for isolation response are inapplicab...Seismic isolation design typically emphasizes transverse responses of tunnels,with comparatively limited research on longitudinal isolation responses.Previous analytical solutions for isolation response are inapplicable to variable stiffness tunnels.To address research gaps,analytical solutions for longitudinal seismic responses of variable stiffness tunnels with isolation layers are proposed.The solution can be applied to engineering practice.The mechanical model of isolation layers is developed using the Kelvin model.The variable stiffness tunnel is simplified as two semi-infinite beams embedded in homogeneous and isotropic soil layers.Governing equations are solved using integral transformations and continuity conditions.Analytical expressions are obtained by introducing displacement phase angles to simulate traveling wave effects.The proposed analytical solutions are validated through comparisons with results from existing literature and verified using numerical simulations.Parametric sensitivity analyses are conducted to investigate effects of tunnels with and without an isolation layer,isolation layer thickness and elastic modulus,tunnel stiffness ratio,and wavelength and amplitude of shear waves on seismic responses of variable stiffness tunnels.Changes in stiffness have a more significant effect on internal forces than displacements.Additionally,isolation layer's thickness and elastic modulus can be optimized through our method to balance structural performance and economic efficiency.展开更多
Although supplying extensive design space,the curse of dimensionality restricts the widespread application of largescale topology optimization in practical engineering.Various acceleration techniques have been integra...Although supplying extensive design space,the curse of dimensionality restricts the widespread application of largescale topology optimization in practical engineering.Various acceleration techniques have been integrated with topology optimization,achieving significant attention and progress in large-scale problems.This work aims to investigate how much benefit can be obtained by combining parallel computing and machine learning techniques to enhance the efficiency of large-scale topology optimization algorithms.Accordingly,a parallel problem independent machine learning(PIML)-enhanced topology optimization method is proposed.The PIML model substantially reduces the dimension of the condensed stiffness matrix and its computational cost,and parallel computing reduces the workload per process and enables the application of a parallel multigrid solver.Besides,several techniques,such as matrix-free implementation,direct condensation of uniform coarse elements,and adjusting computational resource limits,have been developed to enhance computational efficiency.The weak scaling efficiency,strong scaling speedup,and maximum achievable efficiency of the proposed method are validated across multiple numerical examples,showing significant improvement in the tractable problem size and solution efficiency compared to traditional topology optimization algorithms.展开更多
摘要Generalised reduced masses with a set of equations governing the three relative motions between two of 3-bodies in their gravitational field are established,of which the dynamic characteristics of 3-body dynamics,fundamental bases of this paper,are revealed.Based on these findings,an equivalent system is developed,which is a 2-body system with its total mass,constant angular momentum,kinetic and potential energies same as the total ones of three relative motions,so that it can be solved using the well-known theory of the 2-body system.From the solution of an equivalent system with the revealed characteristics of three relative motions,the general theoretical solutions of the 3-body system are obtained in the curve-integration forms along the orbits in the imaged radial motion space.The possible periodical orbits with generalised Kepler’s law are presented.Following the description and mathematical demonstrations of the proposed methods,the examples including Euler’s/Lagrange’s problems,and a reported numerical one are solved to validate the proposed methods.The methods derived from the 3-body system are extended to N-body problems.
基金supported by the NSFC(12071486,12001114)the Major State Basic Research of Higher Education of He’nan Provincial of China(17A110019).
摘要This paper addresses the existence of multiple nonradial and radial normalized solutions for the following Kirchhoff-type equations{-(a+b∫Rn|▽u|2dx)△u=f(x)-pu in RN,||u||2L^(2RN)=m,u∈H1(RN),where f∈C(R,R),a,b>0 are constants,μ∈R is not fixed and instead appears as a Lagrange multiplier and m>0 is a given constant.In a mass subcritical case,using a version of the minimax theorem([32,Theorem 2.1])for a class of constrained even functionals,we demonstrate the existence of one nonradial normalized solution when N≥4.Additionally,if N≥4 and N≠5,we obtain multiple nonradial normalized solutions.Moreover,the existence of infinitely many radial normalized solutions is explored for N≥2.Furthermore,all solutions discussed above are sign-changing.As a supplementary result,we also prove the nonexistence of nontrivial solutions.Lastly,we analyze the asymptotic behavior of all solutions obtained above as b→0.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(CSTB2024NSCQ-LZX0038)supported by the Chongqing Graduate Student Research Innovation Project(CYB25100).
摘要In this paper,we are interested in the existence of solutions for the following Choquard type Brezis-Nirenberg problem{-△u=(∫Ωu6-α(y)/|x-y|α)u5-α+λu,inΩ,u>0,inΩ,u=0,on■Ω,whereΩis a smooth bounded domain in R3,α∈(0,3),6−αis the upper critical exponent in the sense of the Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequality,andλis a real positive parameter.By applying the reduction argument,we find and characterize a positive valueλ0 such that ifλ-λ0>0 is small enough,then the above problem admits a solution,which blows up and concentrates at the critical point of the Robin function asλ→λ0.Moreover,we consider the above problem under zero Neumann boundary condition.
基金Project supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF),funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(No.RS-2024-00337001)。
摘要It is well-known that appropriately determining the solution space and initializations is crucial for obtaining high-quality optimal solutions for optimization problems,considering both gradient-based and gradient-free techniques.However,the general framework for adaptively dealing with a particular optimization problem is commonly overlooked and thus still hidden in the literature.To overcome this limitation,a new approach assisted by the neural network(NN)is proposed for solving high-dimensional optimization issues.By restructuring the search space to optimize the objective function via a nonlinear mapping constructed by an autoencoder(AE),the surrogate solution space is constructed by a network training process and dynamically oriented to the optimal solution of the optimization issue.To enhance the optimization efficiency and address non-smooth problems,the classical metaheuristic grey wolf optimizer(GWO)and the adaptive moment estimation(Adam)are sequentially employed to complement the disadvantages of the constituted models.The effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated by solving a set of mathematical functions with 1000-dimensional and three large-scale truss design optimization problems.Several numerical experiments show that the solution space is reduced in terms of both size and complexity based on the restructuring procedure,in which the global optimal solution is still conserved,leading to better optimization efficiency when solving optimization problems with complex search domains with large dimensions.In addition,the hybrid optimizer has also been proven to be more effective when combined with the restructuring technique owing to the use of the Adam algorithm in the second phase.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12361040,12061064)the National Science Foundation of Gansu Province(Grant No.22JR5RA264)State Scholarship Fund(Grant No.20230862021).
摘要In this article,we show the existence,uniqueness and stability of bounded solutions to the following quasilinear problems with mean curvature operator(φ'(x′(t)))′=f(t,x),t≥t0,limt→∞x(t)=ψ0,limt→∞x′(t)et=0,where t0 and ψ0 are real constants,φ(s)=s/√1−s2,s∈R with s∈(−1,1),f:[t0,∞)×R→R satisfies the Lipschitz or Osgood-type conditions.
基金Supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University (Grant No.31920250078)the Key Demonstration Teaching Team of Northwest Minzu University:OBE-based Teaching Team for Mathematics and Applied Mathematics (Grant No.2021XJSFTD-03)the Discipline Construction Fund Project of Northwest Minzu University。
摘要In this paper,we investigate the existence and regularity of solutions for an anisotropic quasilinear elliptic problem possessing degenerate coercivity and a singular lower-order term{-∑i=1NDi|Diupi-2Diu/(1+|u|r)|]+b(x)∑i=1N|Diu|pi/|u|θ=h(u)f,x∈Ω,u=0,x∈∂Ωwhere Ω is a bounded C1,1 domain in RN(N≥3),the parameter 0<r<p-1 is used to control the decay rate of the degenerate term.We impose 0≤θ<1,2≤p1≤p2…pN,and the data f∈Lm(Ω)(m≥1)is nonnegative.h(u)is a continuous function exhibiting different behaviors:it behaves like s-γ1 near zero and s-γ2 at infinity,where γ1,γ2≥0.This paper illustrates how the existence and regularity of the solutions are influenced by the interplay among the lower-order gradient term,the behavior of h at infinity(or near zero)and the summability of the data f.
摘要Undergraduate students majoring in clinical medicine are one of the important reserve forces of clinical doctors in China,and their pediatric clinical skills are directly related to their future clinical practice quality and the diagnosis and treatment safety of children.At present,there are still some deficiencies in the training of pediatric clinical skills for undergraduate medical students,which restrict the effect of skill training and are difficult to meet the needs of pediatric clinical diagnosis and treatment positions.Focusing on four dimensions-teaching model,teaching resources,student learning,and assessment and incentive-this paper analyzes the existing problems in the training of pediatric clinical skills for undergraduate medical students and puts forward targeted solutions,aiming to provide references for optimizing the pediatric clinical skill training system and improving the pediatric clinical practice ability of undergraduate medical students.
基金partially supported by the NSFC(12171459,12288201,12090014,12421001)CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(YSBR-031)。
摘要We present the existenceon-existence criteria for large-amplitude boundary layer solutions to the inflow problem of the one-dimensional(1D)full compressible NavierStokes equations on a half line R_+.Instead of the classical center manifold approach for the existence of small-amplitude boundary layer solutions in the previous results,the delicate global phase plane analysis,based on the qualitative theory of ODEs,is utilized to obtain the sufficient and necessary conditions for the existenceon-existence of large boundary layer solutions to the half-space inflow problem when the right end state belongs to the supersonic,transonic,and subsonic regions,respectively,which completely answers the existenceonexistence of boundary layer solutions to the half-space inflow problem of 1D full compressible Navier-Stokes equations.
基金supported by the National Natural Sci‐ence Foundation of China(Grant No.62306325)。
摘要During the use of robotics in applications such as antiterrorism or combat,a motion-constrained pursuer vehicle,such as a Dubins unmanned surface vehicle(USV),must get close enough(within a prescribed zero or positive distance)to a moving target as quickly as possible,resulting in the extended minimum-time intercept problem(EMTIP).Existing research has primarily focused on the zero-distance intercept problem,MTIP,establishing the necessary or sufficient conditions for MTIP optimality,and utilizing analytic algorithms,such as root-finding algorithms,to calculate the optimal solutions.However,these approaches depend heavily on the properties of the analytic algorithm,making them inapplicable when problem settings change,such as in the case of a positive effective range or complicated target motions outside uniform rectilinear motion.In this study,an approach employing a high-accuracy and quality-guaranteed mixed-integer piecewise-linear program(QG-PWL)is proposed for the EMTIP.This program can accommodate different effective interception ranges and complicated target motions(variable velocity or complicated trajectories).The high accuracy and quality guarantees of QG-PWL originate from elegant strategies such as piecewise linearization and other developed operation strategies.The approximate error in the intercept path length is proved to be bounded to h2/(4√2),where h is the piecewise length.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41941018)Shanghai Gaofeng Discipline Construction Funding.
摘要Strong seismic excitation and fault dislocation are likely to occur simultaneously in high-intensity seismic zones,causing severe damage to tunnels crossing active fault zones.This paper aims to develop a novel analytical solution to determine the longitudinal mechanical responses of tunnels subjected to the combined effects of seismic waves and strike-slip faulting.Adopting the elastic springbeam model,the seismic waves are modelled as shear horizontal(SH)waves and the fault dislocation follows an S-shaped pattern;the superposition principle for free-fielddisplacements caused by both effects is assumed.In addition,the transmission and reflectionof seismic waves at the fault-rock geological interface and the tangential contact conditions at the tunnel-rock interface are considered.The analytical model is validated against numerical simulations,confirmingits accuracy in calculating tunnel responses.Moreover,a parametric study is conducted to evaluate the impact of key factors,including fault displacement,fault zone width,fault dip angle,earthquake frequency,rock conditions,tunnel lining stiffness,and tangential contact conditions,on tunnel responses.Compared with each effect alone,the combined effects of seismic waves and strike-slip faulting significantlychange the tunnel deformation and internal forces,leading to increased tunnel responses,especially within the fault zone and near the fault-rock interfaces.Depending on specificparameters,tunnel responses can be classifiedinto seismic-dominated,faulting-dominated,and seismic-faulting coupled responses on the basis of the relative contributions of each effect.The proposed analytical solution can be applied to quickly predict the longitudinal mechanical behaviour of tunnels under such combined effects in engineering applications.
基金National Research Foundation of Korea(No.2025-02303676)。
摘要An efficient and innovative method is presented for the stress-related structural topology optimization(TO)in coupled mechanical-pressure systems by leveraging flexible polygonal meshes.With a polytopal composite finite element approach,the volumetric locking in nearly incompressible materials is reduced.A fluid-flow-based model is built,in which a design-dependent pressure variable is introduced to capture the loading conditions within the system.The P-norm approach consolidates the stress metrics into a global measure,while the clustered regional scaling and adaptive techniques enhance the solutions for stress-limited cases.The primary contributions of this work include a novel framework for addressing the stress challenges in coupled mechanical-pressure systems via flow-based modeling,the adaptability to both compressible and nearly incompressible materials,and the compatibility with diverse mesh types,including triangular,quadrilateral,and polygonal elements.The numerical examples demonstrate,for the first time,optimized topologies for nearly incompressible materials under stress constraints in coupled mechanical-pressure environments,emphasizing the unique strength of this approach.
摘要Circumlunar abort trajectories constitute a vital contingency return strategy during the translunar phase of crewed lunar missions.This paper proposes a methodology for constructing the solution set of the circumlunar abort trajectory and leverages its advantageous properties to address the optimization design problem of abort trajectories.Initially,a solution set of all feasible abort trajectories,originating from an abort point on the nominal trajectory and complying with fundamental reentry constraints,is formulated through the introduction of two novel design parameters.Subsequently,the geometric characteristics of the solution set,as well as the distributional properties of key iterative constraint responses,including flight time and velocity increment,are analyzed.Finally,the characteristics exhibited in the solution set are employed to directly identify the design parameters of the abort trajectories with minimum flight time and velocity increment,thereby providing solutions to two distinct types of optimization problems.The simulation results for a variety of nominal trajectories,encompassing the reconstruction and redesign of the Apollo13 abort trajectory,validate the proposed method,demonstrating its ability to directly generate optimal abort trajectories.The method proposed in this paper investigates feasible abort trajectories from a global perspective,providing both a framework and convenience for mission planning and iterative optimization in abort trajectory design.
基金supported by the NSFC(11971157,12426532,12571213).
摘要this paper,we establish the a priori estimates for solutions of mixed Hessian quotient type equations on Sn.Then we obtain the existence and uniqueness of Γk-admissible solutions to the Lp dual Minkowski type problem with p≥q.Moreover,we show the existence of convex solutions by Constant Rank Theorem.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12362027)the Scientific Research Ability of Youth Teachers of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University(Grant No.BR230110)+3 种基金Inner Mongolia National Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars(Grant No.2025YQ033)Foundation for Basic Science Research Initiation at Inner Mongolia Agricultural University(Grant No.JC2021001)The Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2025MS01020)Supported by the Basic and Applied Basic Research Science and Technology Program Projects of Hohhot(2025-rule-basic-60).
摘要This study investigates the dimensionless quasi-geostrophic potential vorticity(QG-PV)equation with external sources.Employing the Gardner-Morikawa transformation and weakly nonlinear perturbation expansion,we derive the nonlinear Boussinesq equation with external sources.We demonstrate the existence of explicit zero-order and first-order Wronskian solutions for the model equation whenα4=0.Furthermore,using a modified Jacobi elliptic function method,we obtain soliton-like solutions for bothα4=0 andα4≠0.Analysis of these solutions reveals that the generalizedβ-plane approximation and shear flow are significant factors in inducing nonlinear Rossby waves,and that external sources play a crucial role in influencing Rossby wave behavior.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52102438)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M711803 and 2024T170482)the State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Green Vehicle and Mobility。
摘要1.Introductio n With the rapid development of automotive intelligent technologies,in-vehicle vision sensors have gained traction as essential components of intelligent driving systems,providing critical road condition data,assisting driving decisions,and enabling autonomous driving functions.Compared with other in-vehicle perception sensors,vision sensors deliver more detailed and comprehensive environmental information,offering vital data to support intelligent driving decision-making and control[1].Therefore,the accuracy and reliability of visual perception directly influence the safety and performance of intelligent driving systems,making it a central factor in achieving truly intelligent and autonomous vehicles.Fig.1 illustrates the vision sensing in intelligent driving.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Council,Taiwan,under grant no.NSTC 114-2221-E-197-005-MY3.
摘要With the development of technology,diffusion model-based solvers have shown significant promise in solving Combinatorial Optimization(CO)problems,particularly in tackling Non-deterministic Polynomial-time hard(NP-hard)problems such as the Traveling Salesman Problem(TSP).However,existing diffusion model-based solvers typically employ a fixed,uniform noise schedule(e.g.,linear or cosine annealing)across all training instances,failing to fully account for the unique characteristics of each problem instance.To address this challenge,we present GraphGuided Diffusion Solvers(GGDS),an enhanced method for improving graph-based diffusion models.GGDS leverages Graph Neural Networks(GNNs)to capture graph structural information embedded in node coordinates and adjacency matrices,dynamically adjusting the noise levels in the diffusion model.This study investigates the TSP by examining two distinct time-step noise generation strategies:cosine annealing and a Neural Network(NN)-based approach.We evaluate their performance across different problem scales,particularly after integrating graph structural information.Experimental results indicate that GGDS outperforms previous methods with average performance improvements of 18.7%,6.3%,and 88.7%on TSP-500,TSP-100,and TSP-50,respectively.Specifically,GGDS demonstrates superior performance on TSP-500 and TSP-50,while its performance on TSP-100 is either comparable to or slightly better than that of previous methods,depending on the chosen noise schedule and decoding strategy.
基金Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Major Special Program(24ZDWA008)Fourth Batch of Top Leading Talents Fund Projects in Gansu Province(ZZ2023G50100013)。
摘要In this study,FeCrxMnAlCu(x=0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0)high-entropy alloys were fabricated using vacuum arc melting,and the corrosion behavior of these alloys in 3.5wt%NaCl solution at room temperature was investigated by electrochemical dynamic potential polarization curves and immersion experiments.The microstructure results show that the high-entropy alloy with x=0 has a body-centered cubic phase structure,whereas the high-entropy alloys with x=0.5–2.0 have a mixed face-centered cubic+body-centered cubic dual-phase structure.The corrosion results show that the corrosion resistance of the high-entropy alloy is increased with the increase in Cr content.Among them,the high-entropy alloy with x=2.0 exhibits the optimal corrosion resistance:the highest self-corrosion potential(Ecorr=−0.354 V vs.Ag/AgCl),the smallest self-corrosion current density(Icorr=1.991×10−6A·cm−2),and the smallest corrosion rate(0.0292 mm/a).The composite passivation film of oxides and hydroxides is formed on the surface of the corroded high-entropy alloys,and the Cr2O3content is increased with the increase in Cr content,which effectively improves the stability and protective properties of the passivation film.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12171459)the Key Project of University Natural Science of Anhui Province(2023AH052096)。
摘要In this paper,we prove the global existence of strong solutions to a two-dimensional(2D)Keller-Segel-Navier-Stokes system with subcritical sensitivity in a bounded domain.Using energy methods,interpolation inequalities and the Gronwall lemma,we establish uniform a priori estimates for the solutions.We prove the existence and uniqueness of global strong solutions under appropriate initial conditions,along with higher-order Sobolev regularity of solutions.The result extends existing conclusions and enriches the global wellposedness theory for chemotaxis-fluid coupled models.
基金Project(52108363)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(2021M700654,2023T160074)supported by the China Postdoctoral Science FoundationProject(2025BS0214)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province,China。
摘要Seismic isolation design typically emphasizes transverse responses of tunnels,with comparatively limited research on longitudinal isolation responses.Previous analytical solutions for isolation response are inapplicable to variable stiffness tunnels.To address research gaps,analytical solutions for longitudinal seismic responses of variable stiffness tunnels with isolation layers are proposed.The solution can be applied to engineering practice.The mechanical model of isolation layers is developed using the Kelvin model.The variable stiffness tunnel is simplified as two semi-infinite beams embedded in homogeneous and isotropic soil layers.Governing equations are solved using integral transformations and continuity conditions.Analytical expressions are obtained by introducing displacement phase angles to simulate traveling wave effects.The proposed analytical solutions are validated through comparisons with results from existing literature and verified using numerical simulations.Parametric sensitivity analyses are conducted to investigate effects of tunnels with and without an isolation layer,isolation layer thickness and elastic modulus,tunnel stiffness ratio,and wavelength and amplitude of shear waves on seismic responses of variable stiffness tunnels.Changes in stiffness have a more significant effect on internal forces than displacements.Additionally,isolation layer's thickness and elastic modulus can be optimized through our method to balance structural performance and economic efficiency.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFB3309104)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11821202 and 123721222)+1 种基金the Science Technology Plan of Liaoning Province(Grant No.2023JH2/101600044)the 111 Project of China(Grant No.B14013).
摘要Although supplying extensive design space,the curse of dimensionality restricts the widespread application of largescale topology optimization in practical engineering.Various acceleration techniques have been integrated with topology optimization,achieving significant attention and progress in large-scale problems.This work aims to investigate how much benefit can be obtained by combining parallel computing and machine learning techniques to enhance the efficiency of large-scale topology optimization algorithms.Accordingly,a parallel problem independent machine learning(PIML)-enhanced topology optimization method is proposed.The PIML model substantially reduces the dimension of the condensed stiffness matrix and its computational cost,and parallel computing reduces the workload per process and enables the application of a parallel multigrid solver.Besides,several techniques,such as matrix-free implementation,direct condensation of uniform coarse elements,and adjusting computational resource limits,have been developed to enhance computational efficiency.The weak scaling efficiency,strong scaling speedup,and maximum achievable efficiency of the proposed method are validated across multiple numerical examples,showing significant improvement in the tractable problem size and solution efficiency compared to traditional topology optimization algorithms.