PMI (privilege management infrastructure) is used to perform access control to resource in an E-commerce or E-government system. With the ever-increasing need for secure transaction, the need for systems that offer ...PMI (privilege management infrastructure) is used to perform access control to resource in an E-commerce or E-government system. With the ever-increasing need for secure transaction, the need for systems that offer a wide variety of QoS (quality-of-service) features is also growing. In order to improve the QoS of PMI system, a cache based on RBAC (Role-based Access control) and trust is proposed. Our system is realized based on Web service. How to design the cache based on RBAC and trust in the access control model is deseribed in detail. The algorithm to query role permission in cache and to add records in cache is dealt with. The policy to update cache is introduced also.展开更多
Ceramic materials demonstrate great application potential in multiple fields such as aerospace and biomedical engineering due to their excellent mechanical properties,high-temperature resistance,and good biocompatibil...Ceramic materials demonstrate great application potential in multiple fields such as aerospace and biomedical engineering due to their excellent mechanical properties,high-temperature resistance,and good biocompatibility,but their inherent brittleness and processing defects urgently need to be broken through.Inspired by the biological structures found in nature,the integration of biomimicry and additive manufacturing(AM)technologies offers a new pathway for the innovative design of high-performance ceramic materials.This article systematically reviews the fundamental principles and classifications of ceramic AM technology,focusing on six typical elements of biomimetic structural design:coaxial composite structures,surface reinforcement structures,layered composite structures,porous structures,composite multicomponent structures,and intelligent bionic structures.The review delves into their biomimetic principles,preparation strategies,performance advantages,and research progress.Research indicates that through multiscale topological design and functional integration,these structures can significantly enhance the mechanical properties and environmental adaptability of ceramics.Nevertheless,current technologies still face numerous challenges in balancing manufacturing precision and efficiency,controlling cracks and residual stresses caused by interface defects,ensuring long-term material stability under extreme environments,enhancing intelligent response capabilities,and guaranteeing process scalability and performance consistency in clinical applications.Future research should integrate multidisciplinary approaches to optimize structural design and dynamic response,transforming biomimetic ceramic materials from‘biological replication'to‘performance exceeding',thereby providing theoretical and technical support for the customized development of high-performance ceramic devices.展开更多
Conformal truss-like lattice structures face significant manufacturability challenges in additive manufac-turing due to overhang angle limitations.To address this problem,we propose a novel angle-constrained optimizat...Conformal truss-like lattice structures face significant manufacturability challenges in additive manufac-turing due to overhang angle limitations.To address this problem,we propose a novel angle-constrained optimization method grounded in the global adjustment of nodal coordinates.First,a build direction is selected to minimize the number of violating struts.Then,an angular-constraint matrix is assembled from strut direction vectors,and analytical sensitivities with respect to nodal coordinates are derived to enable efficient constrained optimization under nonlinear angular inequality constraints.Numerical studies on two complex curved-surface lattices demonstrate that all overhang violations are eliminated while only minor changes are induced in global stiffness and strength.In particular,the maximum displacement of an ergonomic insole varies by only 2.87%after optimization.The results confirm the method’s versatility and engineering robustness,providing a practical approach for additive manufacturing-oriented lattice structure design.展开更多
Voronoi structures are widely present in nature,and highly ordered Voronoi structures such as honeycomb structures have gained extensive recognition and in-depth research in the field of sound absorption structure des...Voronoi structures are widely present in nature,and highly ordered Voronoi structures such as honeycomb structures have gained extensive recognition and in-depth research in the field of sound absorption structure design.However,Voronoi structures in biological tissues are not all highly ordered.Stochastic Voronoi structures are equally prevalent and exhibit excellent multifunctional properties.To further explore the acoustic value of stochastic Voronoi structures,this study proposes a Voronoi sound absorbing porous structure that features both structural stochasticity and performance robustness.First,a theoretical calculation model is established based on microperforated panel theory and Helmholtz resonance theory,enabling the rapid calculation of the structure’s sound absorption coefficient.Then,a systematic analysis is conducted on the effective conditions for absorption performance robustness from four dimensions:unit number,structural randomness,manufacturing errors,and boundary cutting.Results indicate that there exists a unit number threshold associated with absorption bandwidth in the Voronoi structure.When this threshold is exceeded,the structure can exhibit favorable sound absorption robustness against structural stochasticity,manufacturing errors,and boundary cutting.Experimental verification shows that under significant boundary changes,the structure still maintains an average sound absorption coefficient of approximately 0.8 within an absorption bandwidth of approximately 400 Hz.Its favorable low-frequency broadband sound absorption performance and robustness endow it with promising application prospects in engineering fields where cost control,environmental adaptability,and construction efficiency need to be balanced.展开更多
Low-frequency signals play a crucial role in seismic inversion of thin-layer structure and reservoir prediction.However,during seismic exploration,the low-frequency signals are often contaminated,distorted,or even mis...Low-frequency signals play a crucial role in seismic inversion of thin-layer structure and reservoir prediction.However,during seismic exploration,the low-frequency signals are often contaminated,distorted,or even missing due to acquisition limitations,processing artifacts,and ambient noise.Although compressive sensing theory-based sparse inversion can partially recover low-frequency signals,the reconstruction results suffer from significant non-uniqueness.To address this challenge,we propose a sparse inversion approach incorporating spatial structural regularization to enhance low-frequency signal recovery.Due to the interference among seismic waveforms,spatial reflection structure exhibits frequency dependency.Consequently,the spatial structure estimated directly from seismic data differs significantly from the actual low-frequency spatial structure.Therefore,the proposed method estimates spatial reflection structure from seismic data in the neighboring frequency band of the low-frequency signals to be recovered,aiming to reduce the impact of frequency dependency on estimation accuracy.Subsequently,both the sparse structure of reflection coefcients and spatial structure of low-frequency signals are incorporated as regularization terms into the inversion framework,enabling geologically guided recovery of low-frequency components.The proposed method was successfully applied in the Tarim Oileld,eectively restoring low-frequency signals and providing reliable foundational seismic data for reservoir prediction.展开更多
Deployable Composite Thin-Walled Structures(DCTWS)are widely used in space applications due to their ability to compactly fold and self-deploy in orbit,enabled by cutouts.Cutout design is crucial for balancing structu...Deployable Composite Thin-Walled Structures(DCTWS)are widely used in space applications due to their ability to compactly fold and self-deploy in orbit,enabled by cutouts.Cutout design is crucial for balancing structural rigidity and flexibility,ensuring material integrity during large deformations,and providing adequate load-bearing capacity and stability once deployed.Most research has focused on optimizing cutout size and shape,while topology optimization offers a broader design space.However,the anisotropic properties of woven composite laminates,complex failure criteria,and multi-performance optimization needs have limited the exploration of topology optimization in this field.This work derives the sensitivities of bending stiffness,critical buckling load,and the failure index of woven composite materials with respect to element density,and formulates both single-objective and multi-objective topology optimization models using a linear weighted aggregation approach.The developed method was integrated with the commercial finite element software ABAQUS via a Python script,allowing efficient application to cutout design in various DCTWS configurations to maximize bending stiffness and critical buckling load under material failure constraints.Optimization of a classical tubular hinge resulted in improvements of 107.7%in bending stiffness and 420.5%in critical buckling load compared to level-set topology optimization results reported in the literature,validating the effectiveness of the approach.To facilitate future research and encourage the broader adoption of topology optimization techniques in DCTWS design,the source code for this work is made publicly available via a Git Hub link:http://gffzz188fe103f8f1460asfqxb9w5bwfnp66kw.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/jinhao-ok1/Topo-for-DCTWS.git.展开更多
Low-velocity impact tests are carried out to explore the energy absorption characteristics of bio-inspired lattices,mimicking the architecture of the marine sponge organism Euplectella aspergillum.These sea sponge-ins...Low-velocity impact tests are carried out to explore the energy absorption characteristics of bio-inspired lattices,mimicking the architecture of the marine sponge organism Euplectella aspergillum.These sea sponge-inspired lattice structures feature a square-grid 2D lattice with double diagonal bracings and are additively manufactured via digital light processing(DLP).The collapse strength and energy absorption capacity of sea sponge lattice structures are evaluated under various impact conditions and are compared to those of their constituent square-grid and double diagonal lattices.This study demonstrates that sea sponge lattices can achieve an 11-fold increase in energy absorption compared to the square-grid lattice,due to the stabilizing effect of the double diagonal bracings prompting the structure to collapse layer-bylayer under impact.By adjusting the thickness ratio in the sea sponge lattice,up to 76.7%increment in energy absorption is attained.It is also shown that sea-sponge lattices outperform well-established energy-absorbing materials of equal weight,such as hexagonal honeycombs,confirming their significant potential for impact mitigation.Additionally,this research highlights the enhancements in energy absorption achieved by adding a small amount(0.015 phr)of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes(MWCNTs)to the photocurable resin,thus unlocking new possibilities for the design of innovative lightweight structures with multifunctional attributes.展开更多
Energy above the convex hull(Ehull)is a key thermodynamic criterion for assessing phase stability.However,the enormous computational cost required for phase diagram construction hinders the prediction of Ehull,undersc...Energy above the convex hull(Ehull)is a key thermodynamic criterion for assessing phase stability.However,the enormous computational cost required for phase diagram construction hinders the prediction of Ehull,underscoring the need for data-driven approaches.Here,a hybrid framework integrating an autoencoder with a random forest classifier was proposed to effectively categorize crystal structures into stable,metastable,and unstable regimes according to Ehull thresholds,achieving an overall accuracy above 84%.More importantly,physically interpretable latent features associated with density,symmetry,and lattice were identified for stability prediction.Application to high-entropy oxides(HEOs)further demonstrates the effectiveness of the framework,revealing that structures with high configurational entropies and low cation radius mismatch are overwhelmingly classified as stable or metastable.Beyond confirming the dominant role of density and lattice features in stability prediction,SHAP analysis further suggests that larger disparities in atomic thermal conductivities and the regulation of the magnetic moment by limited magnetic atoms play a critical role in governing the stability of HEO structures.The interpretable and effective AE-RF algorithm developed in this work holds great potential for accelerating the discovery of novel HEOs and multicomponent materials.展开更多
Transition-metal dichalcogenides hosting multiple competing structural and electronic phases are thus ideal platforms for constructing polytype heterostructures with emergent quantum properties.However,controlling pha...Transition-metal dichalcogenides hosting multiple competing structural and electronic phases are thus ideal platforms for constructing polytype heterostructures with emergent quantum properties.However,controlling phase transitions to form diverse heterostructures inside a single crystal remains challenging.In this study,we realize vertical/lateral polytype heterostructures in a hole-doped Mott insulator via thermal annealing-induced structural transitions.Raman spectroscopy,atomic force microscopy and scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy confirm the coexistence of T-H polytype heterostructures.Atomic-scale scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy measurements reveal the transparent effect in 1H/1T vertical heterostructures,where positive bias voltage induces in a pronounced superposition of the√13×√13 CDW of the 1T-layer on the 1H-layer.By systematically comparing the 1T/1H and 1T/1T interfaces,we demonstrate that the metallic 1H-layer induces a Coulomb screening effect on the 1T-layer,suppressing the formation of CDW domain walls and forming more ordered electronic states.These results clarify the interfacial coupling between distinct quantum many-body phases and establish a controllable pathway for constructing two-dimensional polytype heterostructures with tunable electronic properties.展开更多
Wave loads are a critical factor influencing the safety of semi-submersible offshore platforms(SSOPs).However,research on wave loads acting on semi-submerged structures remains limited due to complex large-amplitude m...Wave loads are a critical factor influencing the safety of semi-submersible offshore platforms(SSOPs).However,research on wave loads acting on semi-submerged structures remains limited due to complex large-amplitude motions,such as green water and wave breaking.To investigate the wave loads on an SSOP induced by a solitary wave,a meshless numerical model is developed by integrating the smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)method,artificial viscosity,and Rayleigh theory.The model’s accuracy is validated by comparing simulated wave heights and wave loads against experimental data and exact analytical solutions.The maximum absolute error in the wave height peak is 0.037,corresponding to a relative error of 7.4%,while the maximum relative error in wave loads is 54%(absolute error:0.37 N).Although the relative error in the wave loads appears large,primarily due to the small magnitude of the measured loads,the numerical results remain in good agreement with both the experimental data and the exact solutions.Flow velocities around the structure increase with higher wave heights,exceeding 2 m/s when wave heights surpass 0.2 m,owing to complex wave dynamics.Distinct vortices form both upstream and downstream of the structure,intensifying with increasing wave height.The peak magnitudes of horizontal forces(both positive and negative)decrease with greater water depth,whereas vertical forces increase.Notably,the wave load amplitude(WLA)in the z-direction significantly exceeds that in the x-direction,reaching a maximum value of 0.799.展开更多
Backgrounds:Tertiary lymphoid structures(TLSs)are increasingly recognized as modulators of anti-tumor immunity,yet their clinical relevance in bladder cancer remains incompletely understood,partly owing to heterogenei...Backgrounds:Tertiary lymphoid structures(TLSs)are increasingly recognized as modulators of anti-tumor immunity,yet their clinical relevance in bladder cancer remains incompletely understood,partly owing to heterogeneity in their maturation states.Here,we demonstrate that germinal center(GC)–like TLS maturity,rather than TLS presence alone,is closely associated with immune activation and therapeutic response to Programmed Death-Ligand 1(PD-L1)blockade in bladder cancer.The objective of this study was to systematically investigate the clinical significance,biological function,and therapeutic potential of tertiary lymphoid structure(TLS)maturation in bladder cancer.Specifically,we aimed to determine whether GC-like TLS maturity provides prognostic and predictive value beyond TLS presence alone,to elucidate the immune programs and tumor microenvironment remodeling associated with TLS maturation,and to explore whether TLS maturation can be therapeutically induced to enhance responsiveness to PD-L1 blockade.Methods:We performed an integrative analysis combining multi-cohort transcriptomics,spatially resolved histopathology,single-cell RNA sequencing,and functional murine experiments.TLS maturation states were defined using gene-expression–based GC-like TLS signatures and validated through multiplex immunohistochemistry.Clinical relevance was assessed in public immunotherapy cohorts and an independent neoadjuvant PD-L1–treated muscle-invasive bladder cancer(MIBC)cohort.Tumor immune microenvironment remodeling and chemokine-mediated cellular crosstalk were analyzed using deconvolution,Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis(WGCNA),and CellChat.The therapeutic inducibility of TLS maturation was examined using a lymphotoxin-βreceptor(LTβR)agonist in combination with PD-L1 blockade in a syngeneic bladder cancer model.Results:Across multiple transcriptomic cohorts,tumors enriched for GC-like TLS signatures exhibited significantly prolonged survival and higher objective response rates to anti–PD-L1 therapy,whereas less mature TLS phenotypes showed no consistent association with clinical association.These observations were independently validated in a neoadjuvant PD-L1–treated muscle-invasive bladder cancer cohort,in which high mature TLS density was associated with major pathological response and prolonged event-free survival,outperforming PD-L1 expression.Integrative histopathological and transcriptomic analyses indicated that GC formation marks a functional transition linking humoral immune programs with cytotoxic effector activity and shaping a memory-prone,pro-inflammatory tumor immune microenvironment.Chemokine signaling via the CC chemokine ligand 21(CCL21)–C-C chemokine receptor type 7(CCR7)and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12(CXCL12)–C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4(CXCR4)axes was strongly associated with TLS maturation and spatial organization.Finally,in a syngeneic bladder cancer model,pharmacological activation of lymphotoxin-βreceptor signaling promoted TLS maturation and enhanced the antitumor efficacy of PD-L1 blockade.Conclusions:Together,these findings suggest that GC-like TLS maturity represents a clinically relevant biomarker and a potential therapeutic entry point for precision immunotherapy in bladder cancer.Therapeutic strategies that promote TLS maturation may convert immune-cold tumors into checkpoint-responsive states,providing a mechanistically grounded precision immunotherapy approach.展开更多
Gradient nanocrystalline–amorphous nanostructures are considered to be an effective approach to achieve exceptional strength–plasticity synergy,with significantly improved wear performance.Here,gradient nanostructur...Gradient nanocrystalline–amorphous nanostructures are considered to be an effective approach to achieve exceptional strength–plasticity synergy,with significantly improved wear performance.Here,gradient nanostructured Fe-based coatings were successfully fabricated by extremely high-speed-rate laser deposition and remelting.The microstructure evolution along the depth direction varies in a nanocrystalline,equiaxial dendrites,columnar dendrites gradient,respectively.Noticeably,amorphous grain boundaries and carbide nanoprecipitates could be identified within the topmost surface nanocrystalline layer owing to the extremely high cooling rate during remelting,which exhibits the highest hardness and wear resisance(microhardness of ~1136 HV,and wear rate of 4.36×10−6mm3/(m N)).The superior wear resistance is mainly attributed to the synergistic nanocrystalline–amorphous deformation and gradient refinement effects.Meanwhile,multi-scale carbides effectively impede dislocation motion and further improve strength and wear resistance at different depths.This gradient structure provides promising insights into the design of high-performance wear-resistant alloys.展开更多
The paper develops a partitioned three-dimensional fluid-structure-acoustic method to predict the flutter behaviors of a composite panel with a cavity beneath it in supersonic airflow.A higher-order shear deformation ...The paper develops a partitioned three-dimensional fluid-structure-acoustic method to predict the flutter behaviors of a composite panel with a cavity beneath it in supersonic airflow.A higher-order shear deformation theory is employed for laminated panel modeling,considering zigzag effect,and panel's large deformation is accounted for by incorporating nonlinear von Kármán strains.The supersonic airflow is formulated by the unsteady Navier-Stokes equations within the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian framework,which are solved by a finite volume method.Additionally,the sound waves considering finite-amplitude effects,are calculated using a nonlinear finite element method.An implicit partitioned coupling method is used to establish the strong coupling between the unsteady supersonic airflow,composite panel with large deformation,and nonlinear sound waves,which is confirmed through a monolithic fluid-structure-acoustic coupling method.It is revealed that the composite panel-cavity aeroelastic system exhibits a special flutter induced by acoustic resonance,underscoring the crucial role of acoustic-elastic coupling in nonlinear aeroelastic responses.The impact of instability coefficients on flutter dynamics,as derived from linear modal analysis,is discussed,emphasizing that long-time scales are required for the establishment of acoustic resonance within the cavity.The findings suggest that flutter induced by acoustic resonance leads to an acoustic environment with high sound pressure levels in the cavity,particularly in shallow cavities,which could potentially cause detrimental acoustic fatigue of the structure.展开更多
Compared to the traditional cast-in-situ technique,the novel prefabricated underground structure(PUS)employs machinery excavation and assembly.Notably,the PUS assembly system undergoes multi-level force transmission t...Compared to the traditional cast-in-situ technique,the novel prefabricated underground structure(PUS)employs machinery excavation and assembly.Notably,the PUS assembly system undergoes multi-level force transmission through soil,structure,component,and joint interactions.This transmission mechanism remains inadequately understood,consequently posing frequent instability risks during PUS construction.Hereby,this study foremost addresses this problem for multi-level information modeling and planning for PUS under joint principal control.Three modules of numerical modeling,design theory and adaptive planning were constructed and integrated into the Soil-structure-component-joint Adaptive Planning Model(SAPM).Through a real-project application of SAPM,key insights are as follows:(1)SAPM achieves multi-level information adaptivity by planning the joint properties,which mitigates the soil-structure interaction effect of main and secondary structures by 18% and 63%,respectively.(2)Different joints and components may not achieve optimum solutions with uniform joint properties.Top,bottom and midslab joints achieve multi-level information adaptivity only when their respective joint stiffness factors are 0.90,0.61 and 0.65.(3)The use of semi-rigid joints in PUS has multiple advantages over the common cast-in-situ rigid joints.The semi-rigid scheme reduces ring assembly time and cost by approximately 40%and 20%,respectively,compared to hinged and rigid joint schemes.The research results provide a theoretical and instrumental basis for the safe construction of PUS in complex urban and geotechnical environments.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)layered transition metal dichalcogenide(TMD)materials are promising hosts for potassium-ion storage,as their unique interlayer structures can well accommodate large-sized K+.However,their inherent d...Two-dimensional(2D)layered transition metal dichalcogenide(TMD)materials are promising hosts for potassium-ion storage,as their unique interlayer structures can well accommodate large-sized K+.However,their inherent drawbacks,including poor electrical conductivity,easy self-aggregation,and severe volumetric strain after intensive potassiation,often lead to inferior rate performance and rapid capacity decay that hinder their practical application.To address these critical challenges,numerous structural design strategies have been developed,such as dimensional regulation,layer structure design,defect engineering,and heterogeneous composite construction.Nevertheless,a systematic summary linking microstructure optimization,potassium storage mechanisms,and structure-performance relationships is still lacking.This review aims to fill this gap by overviewing advances in TMD-based anodes,clarifying intrinsic potassium storage mechanisms(intercalation-conversion),and emphasizing structureperformance correlation for rational design.Furthermore,specific future research directions are proposed,including integrated interface engineering,optimized layer structure design,and construction of novel heterostructures.This review is anticipated to enhance the recognition of 2D layered TMD potassium storage and promote the advancement of potassium-ion battery technology.展开更多
The core-shell structure in bulk TiNb binary alloy was designed and studied by phase-field simulations,where various core-shell structures were obtained by precise control of the initial and boundary conditions of the...The core-shell structure in bulk TiNb binary alloy was designed and studied by phase-field simulations,where various core-shell structures were obtained by precise control of the initial and boundary conditions of the TiNb binary alloy system during spinodal decomposition,and then the formation mechanism of core-shell structure was revealed.In addition,the influences of initial temperature gradient,average temperature,and initial concentration distribution of the system on the core-shell structure were investigated.Results show that the initial concentration gradient is the key factor for forming the core-shell structure.Besides,larger initial temperature gradient and higher average temperature can promote the formation of core-shell structure,which can be stabilized by adjusting the initial concentration distribution of the Nb-rich region in TiNb binary alloy.As a theoretical basis,this research provides a novel and simple strategy for the preparation of TiNb-based alloys and other materials with peculiar core-shell structures and desirable mechanical and physical properties.展开更多
As the world’s largest greenhouse gas emitter,China announced its“dual carbon goals”in September 2020.Achieving these goals and advancing high-quality economic development require the coordinated advancement of ene...As the world’s largest greenhouse gas emitter,China announced its“dual carbon goals”in September 2020.Achieving these goals and advancing high-quality economic development require the coordinated advancement of energy structure optimization,industrial structure upgrading,economic efficiency improvement,and carbon emission efficiency enhancement.On the basis of panel data from 30 provinces in China(including municipalities and autonomous regions)from 2010 to 2023,this study first evaluates economic efficiency and carbon emission efficiency via a nonparametric production frontier approach.It then employs a panel vector autoregression(PVAR)model to examine the dynamic relationships among these four indicators—industrial structure upgrading,energy structure optimization,economic efficiency,and carbon emission efficiency—at both the national and regional levels.The findings reveal that:(ⅰ)At the national level,the four indicators have not yet established a long-term dynamic coupling relationship,indicating that synergies among these development factors in China’s green transition remain insufficient;(ⅱ)significant regional heterogeneity exists.The central region shows preliminary mutual influences among the variables,although the strength and stability of these interactions require further enhancement.In contrast,the eastern region demonstrates short-term economic inertia,where economic efficiency and industrial structure upgrading have failed to form a virtuous cycle.The western region lacks an endogenous driving mechanism for effective coordination between industrial and economic efficiency.展开更多
Many countries have integrated wastewater monitoring systems with their infectious disease surveillance systems to enhance public health response capabilities.An Information System for the Chinese Urban Wastewater Sur...Many countries have integrated wastewater monitoring systems with their infectious disease surveillance systems to enhance public health response capabilities.An Information System for the Chinese Urban Wastewater Surveillance System(CWSS-IS)was developed based on the unified digital infrastructure of the China CDC.The primary functional modules of the CWSS-IS include information on monitoring sites,wastewater sample collection,relevant physicochemical indicators,qualitative and quantitative laboratory results,and sequencing data.The system implements unified data collection indicators and formats and standardizes data processing procedures and quality control(QC)rules.Launched nationally in February 2024,the CWSS-IS covers 169 cities with>3,000 registered users from CDCs,tracking multiple biomarkers in wastewater treatment plants,hospitals,communities,markets,and inbound flights.By January 2026,data had been collected from 118,729 samples.Compared to previous email-based reporting methods,the CWSS-IS demonstrated significant advantages in terms of efficiency,convenience,security,and scalability.This system offers valuable insights into the prevalence of infectious diseases and can effectively inform public health initiatives.Additionally,it serves as a standard paradigm for developing regional wastewater monitoring information systems.Future efforts should focus on exploring multisource data fusion standards,artificial intelligence frameworks,and large-scale data computational platforms to enhance early warning capabilities.展开更多
The large volume expansion and rapid capacity attenuation of tin-based electrodes are the main factors limiting their commercial application.The reasonable design of electrode material structure is particularly import...The large volume expansion and rapid capacity attenuation of tin-based electrodes are the main factors limiting their commercial application.The reasonable design of electrode material structure is particularly important for improving its electrochemical performance.Herein,phosphorus-modified graphene encapsulated Sn6O4(OH)4nanoparticles composite(P-Sn6O4(OH)4@RGO)with crystalline-amorphous heterostructure has been successfully designed and prepared.The design of crystalline-amorphous structure has largely enhanced the active sites,and the construction of a graphene encapsulation structure has greatly alleviated volume expansion.Notably,P-Sn6O4(OH)4@RGO obtained an excellent high-rate longterm cycling performance for lithium-ion batteries anode,reaching a high specific capacity of 970 m Ah/g at 1.0 A/g after 1450 cycles.This work demonstrates that restructuring the electrode material's structure and phase through phosphorus modification can effectively improve the electrochemical performance of tin-based electrode materials.展开更多
Habitat loss driven by land-use change is a major factor shaping the dynamics of urban bird community structures.However,the potential mechanisms by which the spatial configuration and composition of blue-green infras...Habitat loss driven by land-use change is a major factor shaping the dynamics of urban bird community structures.However,the potential mechanisms by which the spatial configuration and composition of blue-green infrastructure,recognized as biodiversity hotspots in urban landscapes,influence urban bird beta diversity remain insufficiently understood.This study was conducted in the built-up area of Yinchuan,an internationally recognized wetland city in Northwest China.From December 2023 to June 2024,we systematically surveyed bird communities during both the breeding and wintering periods across 29 blue-green space mosaics.We quantified taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic beta diversity,along with their turnover component and nestedness-resultant component,based on both pairwise beta diversity and multiple-site beta diversity.We further assessed the relative importance of landscape variables and spatial geographic distance in shaping beta diversity patterns and used hierarchical modeling of species communities(HMSC)to explore the responses of bird occurrence and functional traits to landscape variables.Our results revealed that species turnover was the dominant driver of taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic beta diversity.Seasonal differences were observed in the effects of spatial geographic distance and landscape structure on beta diversity and its components,with landscape variables showing higher explanatory power than geographic isolation.In the breeding period,landscape diversity and waterbody area had positive effects on bird occurrence,whereas in the wintering period,most landscape features—except for landscape diversity—exerted neutral or negative influences.Regarding functional traits,we found that reproductive traits,flight ability,and foraging characteristics responded significantly to landscape structure,and that some small-bodied species active in aerial and canopy layers were more adaptable to habitat fragmentation.This study provides novel insights into the assembly processes and driving mechanisms of urban bird communities and offers scientific support for the notion that designing and maintaining blue-green infrastructure can contribute to urban biodiversity conservation.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Tenth Five-rear Planfor Scientific and Technological Development of China (413160501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50477038)
摘要PMI (privilege management infrastructure) is used to perform access control to resource in an E-commerce or E-government system. With the ever-increasing need for secure transaction, the need for systems that offer a wide variety of QoS (quality-of-service) features is also growing. In order to improve the QoS of PMI system, a cache based on RBAC (Role-based Access control) and trust is proposed. Our system is realized based on Web service. How to design the cache based on RBAC and trust in the access control model is deseribed in detail. The algorithm to query role permission in cache and to add records in cache is dealt with. The policy to update cache is introduced also.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52235006 and 52025053)the Jilin Provincial Scientific and Technological Development Program(20220204119YY).
摘要Ceramic materials demonstrate great application potential in multiple fields such as aerospace and biomedical engineering due to their excellent mechanical properties,high-temperature resistance,and good biocompatibility,but their inherent brittleness and processing defects urgently need to be broken through.Inspired by the biological structures found in nature,the integration of biomimicry and additive manufacturing(AM)technologies offers a new pathway for the innovative design of high-performance ceramic materials.This article systematically reviews the fundamental principles and classifications of ceramic AM technology,focusing on six typical elements of biomimetic structural design:coaxial composite structures,surface reinforcement structures,layered composite structures,porous structures,composite multicomponent structures,and intelligent bionic structures.The review delves into their biomimetic principles,preparation strategies,performance advantages,and research progress.Research indicates that through multiscale topological design and functional integration,these structures can significantly enhance the mechanical properties and environmental adaptability of ceramics.Nevertheless,current technologies still face numerous challenges in balancing manufacturing precision and efficiency,controlling cracks and residual stresses caused by interface defects,ensuring long-term material stability under extreme environments,enhancing intelligent response capabilities,and guaranteeing process scalability and performance consistency in clinical applications.Future research should integrate multidisciplinary approaches to optimize structural design and dynamic response,transforming biomimetic ceramic materials from‘biological replication'to‘performance exceeding',thereby providing theoretical and technical support for the customized development of high-performance ceramic devices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12432005 and 12472116)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUTZD25240).
摘要Conformal truss-like lattice structures face significant manufacturability challenges in additive manufac-turing due to overhang angle limitations.To address this problem,we propose a novel angle-constrained optimization method grounded in the global adjustment of nodal coordinates.First,a build direction is selected to minimize the number of violating struts.Then,an angular-constraint matrix is assembled from strut direction vectors,and analytical sensitivities with respect to nodal coordinates are derived to enable efficient constrained optimization under nonlinear angular inequality constraints.Numerical studies on two complex curved-surface lattices demonstrate that all overhang violations are eliminated while only minor changes are induced in global stiffness and strength.In particular,the maximum displacement of an ergonomic insole varies by only 2.87%after optimization.The results confirm the method’s versatility and engineering robustness,providing a practical approach for additive manufacturing-oriented lattice structure design.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12072058 and U2341232).
摘要Voronoi structures are widely present in nature,and highly ordered Voronoi structures such as honeycomb structures have gained extensive recognition and in-depth research in the field of sound absorption structure design.However,Voronoi structures in biological tissues are not all highly ordered.Stochastic Voronoi structures are equally prevalent and exhibit excellent multifunctional properties.To further explore the acoustic value of stochastic Voronoi structures,this study proposes a Voronoi sound absorbing porous structure that features both structural stochasticity and performance robustness.First,a theoretical calculation model is established based on microperforated panel theory and Helmholtz resonance theory,enabling the rapid calculation of the structure’s sound absorption coefficient.Then,a systematic analysis is conducted on the effective conditions for absorption performance robustness from four dimensions:unit number,structural randomness,manufacturing errors,and boundary cutting.Results indicate that there exists a unit number threshold associated with absorption bandwidth in the Voronoi structure.When this threshold is exceeded,the structure can exhibit favorable sound absorption robustness against structural stochasticity,manufacturing errors,and boundary cutting.Experimental verification shows that under significant boundary changes,the structure still maintains an average sound absorption coefficient of approximately 0.8 within an absorption bandwidth of approximately 400 Hz.Its favorable low-frequency broadband sound absorption performance and robustness endow it with promising application prospects in engineering fields where cost control,environmental adaptability,and construction efficiency need to be balanced.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Number:42574160)the Open Fund(Grant Number:36750000-24-FW0399-0011)of SINOPEC Key Laboratory of Geophysics.
摘要Low-frequency signals play a crucial role in seismic inversion of thin-layer structure and reservoir prediction.However,during seismic exploration,the low-frequency signals are often contaminated,distorted,or even missing due to acquisition limitations,processing artifacts,and ambient noise.Although compressive sensing theory-based sparse inversion can partially recover low-frequency signals,the reconstruction results suffer from significant non-uniqueness.To address this challenge,we propose a sparse inversion approach incorporating spatial structural regularization to enhance low-frequency signal recovery.Due to the interference among seismic waveforms,spatial reflection structure exhibits frequency dependency.Consequently,the spatial structure estimated directly from seismic data differs significantly from the actual low-frequency spatial structure.Therefore,the proposed method estimates spatial reflection structure from seismic data in the neighboring frequency band of the low-frequency signals to be recovered,aiming to reduce the impact of frequency dependency on estimation accuracy.Subsequently,both the sparse structure of reflection coefcients and spatial structure of low-frequency signals are incorporated as regularization terms into the inversion framework,enabling geologically guided recovery of low-frequency components.The proposed method was successfully applied in the Tarim Oileld,eectively restoring low-frequency signals and providing reliable foundational seismic data for reservoir prediction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12202295)the International(Regional)Cooperation and Exchange Projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.W2421002)+2 种基金the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2025ZNSFSC0845)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.ZCLZ24A0201)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Provincial Universities of Zhejiang(No.GK249909299001-004)。
摘要Deployable Composite Thin-Walled Structures(DCTWS)are widely used in space applications due to their ability to compactly fold and self-deploy in orbit,enabled by cutouts.Cutout design is crucial for balancing structural rigidity and flexibility,ensuring material integrity during large deformations,and providing adequate load-bearing capacity and stability once deployed.Most research has focused on optimizing cutout size and shape,while topology optimization offers a broader design space.However,the anisotropic properties of woven composite laminates,complex failure criteria,and multi-performance optimization needs have limited the exploration of topology optimization in this field.This work derives the sensitivities of bending stiffness,critical buckling load,and the failure index of woven composite materials with respect to element density,and formulates both single-objective and multi-objective topology optimization models using a linear weighted aggregation approach.The developed method was integrated with the commercial finite element software ABAQUS via a Python script,allowing efficient application to cutout design in various DCTWS configurations to maximize bending stiffness and critical buckling load under material failure constraints.Optimization of a classical tubular hinge resulted in improvements of 107.7%in bending stiffness and 420.5%in critical buckling load compared to level-set topology optimization results reported in the literature,validating the effectiveness of the approach.To facilitate future research and encourage the broader adoption of topology optimization techniques in DCTWS design,the source code for this work is made publicly available via a Git Hub link:http://gffzz188fe103f8f1460asfqxb9w5bwfnp66kw.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/jinhao-ok1/Topo-for-DCTWS.git.
基金supported by the Khalifa University of Science and Technology internal grants(Nos.2021-CIRA-109,2020-CIRA-007,and 2020-CIRA-024).
摘要Low-velocity impact tests are carried out to explore the energy absorption characteristics of bio-inspired lattices,mimicking the architecture of the marine sponge organism Euplectella aspergillum.These sea sponge-inspired lattice structures feature a square-grid 2D lattice with double diagonal bracings and are additively manufactured via digital light processing(DLP).The collapse strength and energy absorption capacity of sea sponge lattice structures are evaluated under various impact conditions and are compared to those of their constituent square-grid and double diagonal lattices.This study demonstrates that sea sponge lattices can achieve an 11-fold increase in energy absorption compared to the square-grid lattice,due to the stabilizing effect of the double diagonal bracings prompting the structure to collapse layer-bylayer under impact.By adjusting the thickness ratio in the sea sponge lattice,up to 76.7%increment in energy absorption is attained.It is also shown that sea-sponge lattices outperform well-established energy-absorbing materials of equal weight,such as hexagonal honeycombs,confirming their significant potential for impact mitigation.Additionally,this research highlights the enhancements in energy absorption achieved by adding a small amount(0.015 phr)of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes(MWCNTs)to the photocurable resin,thus unlocking new possibilities for the design of innovative lightweight structures with multifunctional attributes.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2026YFE0199500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52472205)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant Nos.CCNU25ZH006 and JC2026TS-006)the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2025EHA032)。
摘要Energy above the convex hull(Ehull)is a key thermodynamic criterion for assessing phase stability.However,the enormous computational cost required for phase diagram construction hinders the prediction of Ehull,underscoring the need for data-driven approaches.Here,a hybrid framework integrating an autoencoder with a random forest classifier was proposed to effectively categorize crystal structures into stable,metastable,and unstable regimes according to Ehull thresholds,achieving an overall accuracy above 84%.More importantly,physically interpretable latent features associated with density,symmetry,and lattice were identified for stability prediction.Application to high-entropy oxides(HEOs)further demonstrates the effectiveness of the framework,revealing that structures with high configurational entropies and low cation radius mismatch are overwhelmingly classified as stable or metastable.Beyond confirming the dominant role of density and lattice features in stability prediction,SHAP analysis further suggests that larger disparities in atomic thermal conductivities and the regulation of the magnetic moment by limited magnetic atoms play a critical role in governing the stability of HEO structures.The interpretable and effective AE-RF algorithm developed in this work holds great potential for accelerating the discovery of novel HEOs and multicomponent materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.92477128,92580137,92477205,12374200,11604063,11974422,and 12104504)the National Key R&D Program of China(MOST)(Grant No.2023YFA1406500)+4 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program(Chinese Academy of Sciences,CAS)(Grant No.XDB30000000)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and Research Funds of Renmin University of China(Grant No.21XNLG27)supported by the Outstanding Innovative Talents Cultivation Funded Programs 2023 of the Renmin University of Chinaan outcome of“Two-dimensional anisotropic series of materials FePd2+xTe2:a structural modulation study from the atomic scale to the mesoscopic scale”(RUC25QSDL128)funded by the“Qiushi Academic-Dongliang”Talent Cultivation Project at Renmin University of China in 2025。
摘要Transition-metal dichalcogenides hosting multiple competing structural and electronic phases are thus ideal platforms for constructing polytype heterostructures with emergent quantum properties.However,controlling phase transitions to form diverse heterostructures inside a single crystal remains challenging.In this study,we realize vertical/lateral polytype heterostructures in a hole-doped Mott insulator via thermal annealing-induced structural transitions.Raman spectroscopy,atomic force microscopy and scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy confirm the coexistence of T-H polytype heterostructures.Atomic-scale scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy measurements reveal the transparent effect in 1H/1T vertical heterostructures,where positive bias voltage induces in a pronounced superposition of the√13×√13 CDW of the 1T-layer on the 1H-layer.By systematically comparing the 1T/1H and 1T/1T interfaces,we demonstrate that the metallic 1H-layer induces a Coulomb screening effect on the 1T-layer,suppressing the formation of CDW domain walls and forming more ordered electronic states.These results clarify the interfacial coupling between distinct quantum many-body phases and establish a controllable pathway for constructing two-dimensional polytype heterostructures with tunable electronic properties.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52001071)the Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2025A1515010961)+4 种基金Special Fund Competition Allocation Project of Guangdong Science and Technology Innovation Strategy(Grant No.2023A01022)the Doctor Initiate Projects of Guangdong Ocean University(Grant No.R20068)the Fund of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment for South China Sea Marine Ranching(Grant No.2023B1212030003)Student Innovation Team Project of Guangdong Ocean University(Grant No.CXTD2023012)Guangdong Provincial College Students’Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(Grant No.S202510566061).
摘要Wave loads are a critical factor influencing the safety of semi-submersible offshore platforms(SSOPs).However,research on wave loads acting on semi-submerged structures remains limited due to complex large-amplitude motions,such as green water and wave breaking.To investigate the wave loads on an SSOP induced by a solitary wave,a meshless numerical model is developed by integrating the smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)method,artificial viscosity,and Rayleigh theory.The model’s accuracy is validated by comparing simulated wave heights and wave loads against experimental data and exact analytical solutions.The maximum absolute error in the wave height peak is 0.037,corresponding to a relative error of 7.4%,while the maximum relative error in wave loads is 54%(absolute error:0.37 N).Although the relative error in the wave loads appears large,primarily due to the small magnitude of the measured loads,the numerical results remain in good agreement with both the experimental data and the exact solutions.Flow velocities around the structure increase with higher wave heights,exceeding 2 m/s when wave heights surpass 0.2 m,owing to complex wave dynamics.Distinct vortices form both upstream and downstream of the structure,intensifying with increasing wave height.The peak magnitudes of horizontal forces(both positive and negative)decrease with greater water depth,whereas vertical forces increase.Notably,the wave load amplitude(WLA)in the z-direction significantly exceeds that in the x-direction,reaching a maximum value of 0.799.
基金supported by Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital Haiyan Foundation(JJZD2022-03)National Natural Science Foundation of China(82573847)+6 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China(YQ2024H023)The Nn10 project at the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University(Nn102024-01)China&Heilongjiang Province Postdoctoral Foundation(2021M693828,LBH-Z22030)Excellent Youth Project of Heilongjiang Provincial INatural Science Foundation(YQ2024H023)the Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital Haiyan Foundation(JJZD2024-24)the Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital Haiyan Foundation(JJQN2022-07)Collectively,these funding sources enabled the comprehensive execution of this study.
摘要Backgrounds:Tertiary lymphoid structures(TLSs)are increasingly recognized as modulators of anti-tumor immunity,yet their clinical relevance in bladder cancer remains incompletely understood,partly owing to heterogeneity in their maturation states.Here,we demonstrate that germinal center(GC)–like TLS maturity,rather than TLS presence alone,is closely associated with immune activation and therapeutic response to Programmed Death-Ligand 1(PD-L1)blockade in bladder cancer.The objective of this study was to systematically investigate the clinical significance,biological function,and therapeutic potential of tertiary lymphoid structure(TLS)maturation in bladder cancer.Specifically,we aimed to determine whether GC-like TLS maturity provides prognostic and predictive value beyond TLS presence alone,to elucidate the immune programs and tumor microenvironment remodeling associated with TLS maturation,and to explore whether TLS maturation can be therapeutically induced to enhance responsiveness to PD-L1 blockade.Methods:We performed an integrative analysis combining multi-cohort transcriptomics,spatially resolved histopathology,single-cell RNA sequencing,and functional murine experiments.TLS maturation states were defined using gene-expression–based GC-like TLS signatures and validated through multiplex immunohistochemistry.Clinical relevance was assessed in public immunotherapy cohorts and an independent neoadjuvant PD-L1–treated muscle-invasive bladder cancer(MIBC)cohort.Tumor immune microenvironment remodeling and chemokine-mediated cellular crosstalk were analyzed using deconvolution,Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis(WGCNA),and CellChat.The therapeutic inducibility of TLS maturation was examined using a lymphotoxin-βreceptor(LTβR)agonist in combination with PD-L1 blockade in a syngeneic bladder cancer model.Results:Across multiple transcriptomic cohorts,tumors enriched for GC-like TLS signatures exhibited significantly prolonged survival and higher objective response rates to anti–PD-L1 therapy,whereas less mature TLS phenotypes showed no consistent association with clinical association.These observations were independently validated in a neoadjuvant PD-L1–treated muscle-invasive bladder cancer cohort,in which high mature TLS density was associated with major pathological response and prolonged event-free survival,outperforming PD-L1 expression.Integrative histopathological and transcriptomic analyses indicated that GC formation marks a functional transition linking humoral immune programs with cytotoxic effector activity and shaping a memory-prone,pro-inflammatory tumor immune microenvironment.Chemokine signaling via the CC chemokine ligand 21(CCL21)–C-C chemokine receptor type 7(CCR7)and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12(CXCL12)–C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4(CXCR4)axes was strongly associated with TLS maturation and spatial organization.Finally,in a syngeneic bladder cancer model,pharmacological activation of lymphotoxin-βreceptor signaling promoted TLS maturation and enhanced the antitumor efficacy of PD-L1 blockade.Conclusions:Together,these findings suggest that GC-like TLS maturity represents a clinically relevant biomarker and a potential therapeutic entry point for precision immunotherapy in bladder cancer.Therapeutic strategies that promote TLS maturation may convert immune-cold tumors into checkpoint-responsive states,providing a mechanistically grounded precision immunotherapy approach.
基金financially supported by the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52331004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Science Research Centers(No.U2106216)+4 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52101188)the Key Program of Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China(Nos.ZR2022ZD12 and ZR2024ZD14)the Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province(Nos.2023ZLGX05 and 2023CXGC010406)the Taishan Scholars of Climbing Plan(No.tspd20230603)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.202561098).
摘要Gradient nanocrystalline–amorphous nanostructures are considered to be an effective approach to achieve exceptional strength–plasticity synergy,with significantly improved wear performance.Here,gradient nanostructured Fe-based coatings were successfully fabricated by extremely high-speed-rate laser deposition and remelting.The microstructure evolution along the depth direction varies in a nanocrystalline,equiaxial dendrites,columnar dendrites gradient,respectively.Noticeably,amorphous grain boundaries and carbide nanoprecipitates could be identified within the topmost surface nanocrystalline layer owing to the extremely high cooling rate during remelting,which exhibits the highest hardness and wear resisance(microhardness of ~1136 HV,and wear rate of 4.36×10−6mm3/(m N)).The superior wear resistance is mainly attributed to the synergistic nanocrystalline–amorphous deformation and gradient refinement effects.Meanwhile,multi-scale carbides effectively impede dislocation motion and further improve strength and wear resistance at different depths.This gradient structure provides promising insights into the design of high-performance wear-resistant alloys.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12393781,12425202,U2141244,11932011,and 12121002)the Oceanic Interdisciplinary Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(Grant No.SL2021ZD104)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Cooperation project of Shanghai Jiao Tong University&Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region-Action Plan of Shanghai Jiao Tong University for"Science and Technology Prosperity"(Grant No.2022XYJG0001-01-08)the Industry-university-research Cooperation Fund of Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology(Grant No.USCAST2021-11).
摘要The paper develops a partitioned three-dimensional fluid-structure-acoustic method to predict the flutter behaviors of a composite panel with a cavity beneath it in supersonic airflow.A higher-order shear deformation theory is employed for laminated panel modeling,considering zigzag effect,and panel's large deformation is accounted for by incorporating nonlinear von Kármán strains.The supersonic airflow is formulated by the unsteady Navier-Stokes equations within the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian framework,which are solved by a finite volume method.Additionally,the sound waves considering finite-amplitude effects,are calculated using a nonlinear finite element method.An implicit partitioned coupling method is used to establish the strong coupling between the unsteady supersonic airflow,composite panel with large deformation,and nonlinear sound waves,which is confirmed through a monolithic fluid-structure-acoustic coupling method.It is revealed that the composite panel-cavity aeroelastic system exhibits a special flutter induced by acoustic resonance,underscoring the crucial role of acoustic-elastic coupling in nonlinear aeroelastic responses.The impact of instability coefficients on flutter dynamics,as derived from linear modal analysis,is discussed,emphasizing that long-time scales are required for the establishment of acoustic resonance within the cavity.The findings suggest that flutter induced by acoustic resonance leads to an acoustic environment with high sound pressure levels in the cavity,particularly in shallow cavities,which could potentially cause detrimental acoustic fatigue of the structure.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China and Guangdong(Grant Nos.52308410,52478405,and 2025A1515010979).
摘要Compared to the traditional cast-in-situ technique,the novel prefabricated underground structure(PUS)employs machinery excavation and assembly.Notably,the PUS assembly system undergoes multi-level force transmission through soil,structure,component,and joint interactions.This transmission mechanism remains inadequately understood,consequently posing frequent instability risks during PUS construction.Hereby,this study foremost addresses this problem for multi-level information modeling and planning for PUS under joint principal control.Three modules of numerical modeling,design theory and adaptive planning were constructed and integrated into the Soil-structure-component-joint Adaptive Planning Model(SAPM).Through a real-project application of SAPM,key insights are as follows:(1)SAPM achieves multi-level information adaptivity by planning the joint properties,which mitigates the soil-structure interaction effect of main and secondary structures by 18% and 63%,respectively.(2)Different joints and components may not achieve optimum solutions with uniform joint properties.Top,bottom and midslab joints achieve multi-level information adaptivity only when their respective joint stiffness factors are 0.90,0.61 and 0.65.(3)The use of semi-rigid joints in PUS has multiple advantages over the common cast-in-situ rigid joints.The semi-rigid scheme reduces ring assembly time and cost by approximately 40%and 20%,respectively,compared to hinged and rigid joint schemes.The research results provide a theoretical and instrumental basis for the safe construction of PUS in complex urban and geotechnical environments.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22578493,52573362,2238012,and 52270115)the Beijing Nova Program(20240484570)+2 种基金the CNPC Innovation Found(2024DQ02-0206 and 2022DQ02-0410)the Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum(Beijing)(2462023QNXZ015)the Carbon Neutral Joint Research Institute Research Project(No.CNIF20230208).
摘要Two-dimensional(2D)layered transition metal dichalcogenide(TMD)materials are promising hosts for potassium-ion storage,as their unique interlayer structures can well accommodate large-sized K+.However,their inherent drawbacks,including poor electrical conductivity,easy self-aggregation,and severe volumetric strain after intensive potassiation,often lead to inferior rate performance and rapid capacity decay that hinder their practical application.To address these critical challenges,numerous structural design strategies have been developed,such as dimensional regulation,layer structure design,defect engineering,and heterogeneous composite construction.Nevertheless,a systematic summary linking microstructure optimization,potassium storage mechanisms,and structure-performance relationships is still lacking.This review aims to fill this gap by overviewing advances in TMD-based anodes,clarifying intrinsic potassium storage mechanisms(intercalation-conversion),and emphasizing structureperformance correlation for rational design.Furthermore,specific future research directions are proposed,including integrated interface engineering,optimized layer structure design,and construction of novel heterostructures.This review is anticipated to enhance the recognition of 2D layered TMD potassium storage and promote the advancement of potassium-ion battery technology.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(12372152)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515011819,2024A1515012469)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2023MA058)。
摘要The core-shell structure in bulk TiNb binary alloy was designed and studied by phase-field simulations,where various core-shell structures were obtained by precise control of the initial and boundary conditions of the TiNb binary alloy system during spinodal decomposition,and then the formation mechanism of core-shell structure was revealed.In addition,the influences of initial temperature gradient,average temperature,and initial concentration distribution of the system on the core-shell structure were investigated.Results show that the initial concentration gradient is the key factor for forming the core-shell structure.Besides,larger initial temperature gradient and higher average temperature can promote the formation of core-shell structure,which can be stabilized by adjusting the initial concentration distribution of the Nb-rich region in TiNb binary alloy.As a theoretical basis,this research provides a novel and simple strategy for the preparation of TiNb-based alloys and other materials with peculiar core-shell structures and desirable mechanical and physical properties.
基金supported by the 2024 Qinglan Project Outstanding Teaching Team of Jiangsu Province in China(Logistics and Supply Chain Management Teaching Team).
摘要As the world’s largest greenhouse gas emitter,China announced its“dual carbon goals”in September 2020.Achieving these goals and advancing high-quality economic development require the coordinated advancement of energy structure optimization,industrial structure upgrading,economic efficiency improvement,and carbon emission efficiency enhancement.On the basis of panel data from 30 provinces in China(including municipalities and autonomous regions)from 2010 to 2023,this study first evaluates economic efficiency and carbon emission efficiency via a nonparametric production frontier approach.It then employs a panel vector autoregression(PVAR)model to examine the dynamic relationships among these four indicators—industrial structure upgrading,energy structure optimization,economic efficiency,and carbon emission efficiency—at both the national and regional levels.The findings reveal that:(ⅰ)At the national level,the four indicators have not yet established a long-term dynamic coupling relationship,indicating that synergies among these development factors in China’s green transition remain insufficient;(ⅱ)significant regional heterogeneity exists.The central region shows preliminary mutual influences among the variables,although the strength and stability of these interactions require further enhancement.In contrast,the eastern region demonstrates short-term economic inertia,where economic efficiency and industrial structure upgrading have failed to form a virtuous cycle.The western region lacks an endogenous driving mechanism for effective coordination between industrial and economic efficiency.
基金supported by the National Urban Wastewater Priority Infectious Diseases Pathogen Surveillance Program,Science and Technology Special Fund of Hainan Province(No.ZDYF2025SHFZ061)Young Scholar Scientific Research Foundation of the National Institute of Environmental Health,China CDC(2024YSR03).
摘要Many countries have integrated wastewater monitoring systems with their infectious disease surveillance systems to enhance public health response capabilities.An Information System for the Chinese Urban Wastewater Surveillance System(CWSS-IS)was developed based on the unified digital infrastructure of the China CDC.The primary functional modules of the CWSS-IS include information on monitoring sites,wastewater sample collection,relevant physicochemical indicators,qualitative and quantitative laboratory results,and sequencing data.The system implements unified data collection indicators and formats and standardizes data processing procedures and quality control(QC)rules.Launched nationally in February 2024,the CWSS-IS covers 169 cities with>3,000 registered users from CDCs,tracking multiple biomarkers in wastewater treatment plants,hospitals,communities,markets,and inbound flights.By January 2026,data had been collected from 118,729 samples.Compared to previous email-based reporting methods,the CWSS-IS demonstrated significant advantages in terms of efficiency,convenience,security,and scalability.This system offers valuable insights into the prevalence of infectious diseases and can effectively inform public health initiatives.Additionally,it serves as a standard paradigm for developing regional wastewater monitoring information systems.Future efforts should focus on exploring multisource data fusion standards,artificial intelligence frameworks,and large-scale data computational platforms to enhance early warning capabilities.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Nos.ZR2024QE450,ZR2024QB302 and ZR2024QB004)the Taishan Scholars and Young Experts Program of Shandong Province(No.tsqn202211249)Research Program of Qilu Institute of Technology(Nos.QIT 23TP019,QIT23TP010 and QIT24NN007)。
摘要The large volume expansion and rapid capacity attenuation of tin-based electrodes are the main factors limiting their commercial application.The reasonable design of electrode material structure is particularly important for improving its electrochemical performance.Herein,phosphorus-modified graphene encapsulated Sn6O4(OH)4nanoparticles composite(P-Sn6O4(OH)4@RGO)with crystalline-amorphous heterostructure has been successfully designed and prepared.The design of crystalline-amorphous structure has largely enhanced the active sites,and the construction of a graphene encapsulation structure has greatly alleviated volume expansion.Notably,P-Sn6O4(OH)4@RGO obtained an excellent high-rate longterm cycling performance for lithium-ion batteries anode,reaching a high specific capacity of 970 m Ah/g at 1.0 A/g after 1450 cycles.This work demonstrates that restructuring the electrode material's structure and phase through phosphorus modification can effectively improve the electrochemical performance of tin-based electrode materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32401409)the Central Government’s Special Fund for National Key Protected Wildlife Conservation Projects in Yinchuan City(HXCG-ZC2023148,XZ-2024-16)。
摘要Habitat loss driven by land-use change is a major factor shaping the dynamics of urban bird community structures.However,the potential mechanisms by which the spatial configuration and composition of blue-green infrastructure,recognized as biodiversity hotspots in urban landscapes,influence urban bird beta diversity remain insufficiently understood.This study was conducted in the built-up area of Yinchuan,an internationally recognized wetland city in Northwest China.From December 2023 to June 2024,we systematically surveyed bird communities during both the breeding and wintering periods across 29 blue-green space mosaics.We quantified taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic beta diversity,along with their turnover component and nestedness-resultant component,based on both pairwise beta diversity and multiple-site beta diversity.We further assessed the relative importance of landscape variables and spatial geographic distance in shaping beta diversity patterns and used hierarchical modeling of species communities(HMSC)to explore the responses of bird occurrence and functional traits to landscape variables.Our results revealed that species turnover was the dominant driver of taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic beta diversity.Seasonal differences were observed in the effects of spatial geographic distance and landscape structure on beta diversity and its components,with landscape variables showing higher explanatory power than geographic isolation.In the breeding period,landscape diversity and waterbody area had positive effects on bird occurrence,whereas in the wintering period,most landscape features—except for landscape diversity—exerted neutral or negative influences.Regarding functional traits,we found that reproductive traits,flight ability,and foraging characteristics responded significantly to landscape structure,and that some small-bodied species active in aerial and canopy layers were more adaptable to habitat fragmentation.This study provides novel insights into the assembly processes and driving mechanisms of urban bird communities and offers scientific support for the notion that designing and maintaining blue-green infrastructure can contribute to urban biodiversity conservation.