The 12C+12C fusion is one of the most important reactions in modern nuclear astrophysics.The trend and magnitude of the reaction rate within the Gamow window strongly influence various astrophysical processes.Ho...The 12C+12C fusion is one of the most important reactions in modern nuclear astrophysics.The trend and magnitude of the reaction rate within the Gamow window strongly influence various astrophysical processes.However,direct measurement of this reaction is extremely difficult,which makes it necessary to develop indirect methods.In this study,the 23Na+p reaction system was used to study the compound nucleus 24Mg.We employed a thick-target inverse kinematics method combined with theγ-charged-particle coincidence technique to measure the proton andα exit channels of 24Mg.Technical details of the 23Na+p thick-target inverse kinematics experiment and analysis are presented herein.展开更多
在蒙特卡罗光子输运中,传统原地能量沉积模型忽略电子影响,难以准确描述低能光子能谱。为解决这一问题,本文研究原子级联弛豫与厚靶轫致辐射的作用机理,通过建立原子跃迁转移概率矩阵,计算正负电子阻止本领及轫致光子产额,并在自主化蒙...在蒙特卡罗光子输运中,传统原地能量沉积模型忽略电子影响,难以准确描述低能光子能谱。为解决这一问题,本文研究原子级联弛豫与厚靶轫致辐射的作用机理,通过建立原子跃迁转移概率矩阵,计算正负电子阻止本领及轫致光子产额,并在自主化蒙特卡罗软件NECP-MCX(Nuclear Engineering Computational Physics-Monte Carlo X)中实现了上述理论的验证。利用改进程序计算Skyshine实验基准题,计算值与实验值符合良好,且与主流蒙特卡罗软件MCNP(Monte Carlo N-Particle)对比,相对偏差均落在三倍相对标准差区间内,验证了NECP-MCX光子模型的可靠性。针对无限均匀UO₂算例,结果表明,光子特征谱主要受级联弛豫影响、连续谱主要受密度效应修正及正负电子差异影响,说明了引入精确物理模型的必要性。进一步针对典型铅屏蔽问题计算光子通量空间分布,计算结果表明,原地能量沉积模型的光子通量偏小一个数量级,考虑正、负电子的改进模型相对于仅考虑负电子偏小5%,更能合理反映屏蔽效应,提高了屏蔽计算的精度。展开更多
High energyγ-rays can be used in many fields,such as nuclear waste transmutation,flash photographics,and astrophysics.The13C(p,γ)14N resonance reaction was used to generate high energy and mono-energeticγ-ray...High energyγ-rays can be used in many fields,such as nuclear waste transmutation,flash photographics,and astrophysics.The13C(p,γ)14N resonance reaction was used to generate high energy and mono-energeticγ-rays in this work.The thick-target yield of the 9.17-MeVγ-ray from the resonance in this reaction was determined to be(4.7±0.4)×10-9γ/proton,which was measured by a HPGe detector.Meanwhile,the angular distribution of 9.17-MeVγ-ray was also determined.The absolute efficiency of HPGe detector was calibrated using56Co and152Eu sources with known radioactive activities and calculated by GEANT4 simulation.展开更多
High energyγ-ray can be used in many fields,such as nuclear resonant fluorescence,nuclear medicine imaging.One of the methods to generate high-energyγ-ray is nuclear resonant reaction.The 19F(p,αγ)16O reaction was...High energyγ-ray can be used in many fields,such as nuclear resonant fluorescence,nuclear medicine imaging.One of the methods to generate high-energyγ-ray is nuclear resonant reaction.The 19F(p,αγ)16O reaction was used to generate 6.13-MeVγ-ray in this work.The angular distribution of 6.13-MeVγ-ray was measured by six LaBr3 detectors.The thick-target yield curve of 6.13-MeVγ-ray had been measured.The maximum yield was determined to be(1.85±0.01)×10^-8γ/proton,which was measured by HPGe detector and LaBr3 detector.The absolute efficiency of all the detectors was calibrated using 60Co and 27Al(p,γ)^28Si reaction at Ep=992 keV.The cross section and total resonant width of the reaction were determined to be 95.1±1.0 mb(1 b=10^-24 cm^2)andΓCM=2.21±0.22 keV,respectively.展开更多
Measurements were performed of K-shell ionization cross sections of Ti element by 10~30 keV positron impact using the thick-target method. The effects of multiple scattering of incident positron and from bremsstrahlu...Measurements were performed of K-shell ionization cross sections of Ti element by 10~30 keV positron impact using the thick-target method. The effects of multiple scattering of incident positron and from bremsstrahlung photons and annihilation photons with the thick-target method are discussed with the Monte Carlo code PENELOPE. Meanwhile, the Monte Carlo method is also applied to determine the detection efficiencies of X- and γ-ray detectors. Our experimental K-shell ionization cross sections for Ti element are compared with the distorted-wave Born approximation (DWBA) theoretical predictions, and it is found that the agreement of the experimental data and theoretical values is good and this indicates that the experimental method adopted in this study is applicable.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project (No. 2022YFA1602301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. U2267205, 12275361, 12125509, 12222514, 11961141003, and 12005304)+2 种基金the CAST Young Talent Support Planthe CNNC Science Fund for Talented Young Scholarsthe Continuous-Support Basic Scientific Research Project
摘要The 12C+12C fusion is one of the most important reactions in modern nuclear astrophysics.The trend and magnitude of the reaction rate within the Gamow window strongly influence various astrophysical processes.However,direct measurement of this reaction is extremely difficult,which makes it necessary to develop indirect methods.In this study,the 23Na+p reaction system was used to study the compound nucleus 24Mg.We employed a thick-target inverse kinematics method combined with theγ-charged-particle coincidence technique to measure the proton andα exit channels of 24Mg.Technical details of the 23Na+p thick-target inverse kinematics experiment and analysis are presented herein.
摘要在蒙特卡罗光子输运中,传统原地能量沉积模型忽略电子影响,难以准确描述低能光子能谱。为解决这一问题,本文研究原子级联弛豫与厚靶轫致辐射的作用机理,通过建立原子跃迁转移概率矩阵,计算正负电子阻止本领及轫致光子产额,并在自主化蒙特卡罗软件NECP-MCX(Nuclear Engineering Computational Physics-Monte Carlo X)中实现了上述理论的验证。利用改进程序计算Skyshine实验基准题,计算值与实验值符合良好,且与主流蒙特卡罗软件MCNP(Monte Carlo N-Particle)对比,相对偏差均落在三倍相对标准差区间内,验证了NECP-MCX光子模型的可靠性。针对无限均匀UO₂算例,结果表明,光子特征谱主要受级联弛豫影响、连续谱主要受密度效应修正及正负电子差异影响,说明了引入精确物理模型的必要性。进一步针对典型铅屏蔽问题计算光子通量空间分布,计算结果表明,原地能量沉积模型的光子通量偏小一个数量级,考虑正、负电子的改进模型相对于仅考虑负电子偏小5%,更能合理反映屏蔽效应,提高了屏蔽计算的精度。
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11655003)
摘要High energyγ-rays can be used in many fields,such as nuclear waste transmutation,flash photographics,and astrophysics.The13C(p,γ)14N resonance reaction was used to generate high energy and mono-energeticγ-rays in this work.The thick-target yield of the 9.17-MeVγ-ray from the resonance in this reaction was determined to be(4.7±0.4)×10-9γ/proton,which was measured by a HPGe detector.Meanwhile,the angular distribution of 9.17-MeVγ-ray was also determined.The absolute efficiency of HPGe detector was calibrated using56Co and152Eu sources with known radioactive activities and calculated by GEANT4 simulation.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFA0400502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11975316 and 11655003)the Continuous Basic Research Project of China(Grant No.WDJC-2019-02).
摘要High energyγ-ray can be used in many fields,such as nuclear resonant fluorescence,nuclear medicine imaging.One of the methods to generate high-energyγ-ray is nuclear resonant reaction.The 19F(p,αγ)16O reaction was used to generate 6.13-MeVγ-ray in this work.The angular distribution of 6.13-MeVγ-ray was measured by six LaBr3 detectors.The thick-target yield curve of 6.13-MeVγ-ray had been measured.The maximum yield was determined to be(1.85±0.01)×10^-8γ/proton,which was measured by HPGe detector and LaBr3 detector.The absolute efficiency of all the detectors was calibrated using 60Co and 27Al(p,γ)^28Si reaction at Ep=992 keV.The cross section and total resonant width of the reaction were determined to be 95.1±1.0 mb(1 b=10^-24 cm^2)andΓCM=2.21±0.22 keV,respectively.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.10674097,10774106)
摘要Measurements were performed of K-shell ionization cross sections of Ti element by 10~30 keV positron impact using the thick-target method. The effects of multiple scattering of incident positron and from bremsstrahlung photons and annihilation photons with the thick-target method are discussed with the Monte Carlo code PENELOPE. Meanwhile, the Monte Carlo method is also applied to determine the detection efficiencies of X- and γ-ray detectors. Our experimental K-shell ionization cross sections for Ti element are compared with the distorted-wave Born approximation (DWBA) theoretical predictions, and it is found that the agreement of the experimental data and theoretical values is good and this indicates that the experimental method adopted in this study is applicable.