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A case of cardiac calcified amorphous tumor:the potential value of myocardial contrast echocardiography 认领 引用
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作者 Bin-Yang ZHU Xin AI +1 位作者 Guang-Yin LI Shuang-Quan JIANG 《Journal of Geriatric Cardiology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第2期121-124,共4页
The morbidity rate of primary cardiac tumors(PCTs)is only 0.0138%.[1]Calcified amorphous tumors(CATs)are a particularly rare entity with only a few cases reported in the literature,and account for only 2.47%of PCTs.[2... The morbidity rate of primary cardiac tumors(PCTs)is only 0.0138%.[1]Calcified amorphous tumors(CATs)are a particularly rare entity with only a few cases reported in the literature,and account for only 2.47%of PCTs.[2]CATs can occur at any age and have been identified at various intracardiac locations.The clinical manifestations of patients are related to the location and size of the lesion. 展开更多
关键词 amorphous tumors cats primary cardiac tumors pcts cardiac calcified amorphous tumor myocardial contrast echocardiography morbidity rate primary cardiac tumors pcts
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YAP1 Is a Crucial Nexus in the Tumor Microenvironment 认领 引用
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作者 Raghavan Narasimhan Anshula Narayanasamy +2 位作者 Jaya Padmanabhan Srikumar Chellappan Durairaj Mohan Kumar 《Current Medical Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第1期1-19,共19页
Yes-associated protein-1(YAP1)is an oncogenic effector of the Hippo signaling pathway,activated in several cancer types,and has been extensively studied in cancer progression and therapy.A large number of studies have... Yes-associated protein-1(YAP1)is an oncogenic effector of the Hippo signaling pathway,activated in several cancer types,and has been extensively studied in cancer progression and therapy.A large number of studies have established the impor-tance of YAP1 in promoting cell-autonomous functions,including uncontrolled growth,sustained proliferative signaling,drug resistance,and metastasis,across multiple cancer types.Therapeutic targeting of YAP1 to combat incurable neoplasms has been the focus of intense investigations.Solid tumors exhibit an organ-like morphology that comprises malignant cells,nonmalignant cells such as fibroblasts,endothelial cells,and immune cells,and non-cellular components,including the extracellular matrix and exosomal vesicles.Tumor progression is accompanied by persistent,reciprocal interactions between malignant cells and other cell types in the tumor microenvironment(TME).Ample evidence indicates the functional importance of YAP1 in nonmalignant components of the TME,which fuel cancer progression.In this review,we provide a comprehensive overview of the functional significance of YAP1 and its downstream signaling pathways across different compartments of the TME,which orchestrate cancer growth,stemness,drug resistance,and metastasis.In particular,this review focuses on understanding the mechanisms by which YAP1 drives distinct cell types in the TME,including cancer-associated fibroblasts(CAFs),immune cells,endothelial cells,and exosome-derived factors,to fuel tumor progression.Furthermore,we summarize the progress in the development of recent YAP1 inhibitors,their mechanisms of action in Hippo-YAP1-dependent cancers,and their combination benefits with existing treatment strategies. 展开更多
关键词 Yes-associated protein 1 Tumor stroma Tumor microenvironment Cancer-associated fibroblasts Cancer stem cells Tumor-associated macrophages Hippo signaling pathway TEAD Tumor angiogenesis Exosomes
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Revisiting collagen:A breaching point in tumor immunotherapy 认领 引用
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作者 Yi-Da Wang Hai-Yue You +3 位作者 Feng Zhang Xin Ning Jie Mei Yan Zhang 《Life Research》 2026年第1期1-4,共4页
Immunotherapy has brought unprecedented breakthroughs to advanced malignant tumors,yet the immune microenvironment shaped by the tumor stroma has often been underestimated in the traditional focus on the“immune check... Immunotherapy has brought unprecedented breakthroughs to advanced malignant tumors,yet the immune microenvironment shaped by the tumor stroma has often been underestimated in the traditional focus on the“immune checkpoint-T cell”axis.Collagen not only constitutes a mechanical barrier that distinguishes between the periphery and core of solid tumors but also systematically remodels the orientation of metabolism,vasculature,and immune cell phenotypic plasticity through its spatial density,fiber arrangement,and crosslinking patterns(F igure 1)[1,2].Abundant evidence suggests that over-accumulated types I and III collagen drive CD8+T cell exhaustion,NK cell functional inhibition,and tumor-associated macrophage polarization through ligand-receptor networks involving LAIR-1,DDR2,andβ1/β3 integrins[3-6].Mechanistically,collagen engagement of LAIR-1 delivers inhibitory signals in effector lymphocytes,promoting dysfunctional or exhausted states[7-9].In parallel,collagen-β1/β3 integrin signaling activates mechanotransduction pathways(e.g.,FAK/SRC),reducing T-cell motility and immune-tumor contact,while DDR2 activation supports matrix-remodeling programs that limit lymphocyte trafficking. 展开更多
关键词 immune microenvironment advanced malignant tumorsyet tumor immunotherapy immune cell phenotypic plasticity collagen tumor stroma collagen I solid tumors
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Expert consensus on the detection and clinical application of tumor mutational burden 认领 引用
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作者 Zhenying Guo Chunwei Xu +168 位作者 Shirong Zhang Yue Hao Xiaotong Hu Ming Zhao Chan Xiang Yingshi Piao Pingli Sun Xueping Xiang Jing Zhao Huanwen Wu Weixing Li Jinpu Yu Jingping Yuan Shuangshuang Wang Cong Wang Yun Gu Bingjian Lv Liping Zhang Yueping Liu Xiaobin Cui Weizhong Gu Yining Li Wei Wang Wenjun Yang Weiguo Long Jingjing Xiang Hong Mou Biao Liu Huajuan Ruan Yubin Wang Yongjie Zhu Feng Wang Zhonghua Wang Xiaomin Feng Xing Liu Peng Li Min Deng Bin Lian Lili Mao Qian Wang Wenxian Wang Zhengbo Song Ziming Li Wenzhao Zhong Zhijie Wang Shengxiang Ren Wenfeng Fang Yongchang Zhang Jingjing Liu Xiuyu Cai Anwen Liu Wen Li Ping Zhan Hongbing Liu Tangfeng Lv Liyun Miao Lingfeng Min Yu Chen Yu Zhang Feng Wang Zhansheng Jiang Gen Lin Long Huang Xingxiang Pu Rongbo Lin Weifeng Liu Chuangzhou Rao Dongqing Lv Zongyang Yu Peng Shen Xiaoyan Li Chuanhao Tang Chengzhi Zhou Junping Zhang Junli Xue Hui Guo Qian Chu Rui Meng Jingxun Wu Rui Zhang Jin Zhou Zhengfei Zhu Yongheng Li Hong Qiu Fan Xia Yuanyuan Lu Xiaofeng Chen Rui Ge Enyong Dai Yu Han Jian Zhang Yinghua Ji Xianbin Liang Hongmei Zhang Xuelei Ma Xuewen Liu Yu Yao Peng Luo Weiwei Pan Fei Pang Fan Wu Dejian Gu Li Wang Liping Wang Youcai Zhu Li Lin Weiwen Li Xinqing Lin Jing Cai Ling Xu Jisheng Li Xiaodong Jiao Kainan Li Jia Wei Huijing Feng Lin Wang Yingying Du Wang Yao Xuefei Shi Xiaomin Niu Dongmei Yuan Yanwen Yao Yinbin Zhang Binbin Song Wenfeng Li Jianfei Fu Hong Wang Mingxiang Ye Dong Wang Zhaofeng Wang Qing Ji Yuan Fang Qing Wei Zhen Wang Bin Wan Donglai Lv Xiaofeng Li Shengjie Yang Jing Kang Jiatao Zhang Chao Zhang Lin Shi Yina Wang Bihui Li Zhang Zhang Ke Wang Zhefeng Liu Nong Yang Lin Wu Xiaobing Chen Gu Jin Zhongwu Li Miao Li Guansong Wang Jiandong Wang Meiyu Fang Yong Fang Xiaojia Wang Jing Chen Yiping Zhang Xixu Zhu Yi Shen Shenglin Ma Biyun Wang Lu Si Yong Song Yuanzhi Lu Aijun Liu Yuchen Han 《Cancer Biology & Medicine》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第2期218-246,共29页
As an emerging biomarker,tumor mutational burden(TMB)has attracted increasing attention from clinicians in predicting the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy.Currently,TMB is detected primarily by whole-exome sequencing o... As an emerging biomarker,tumor mutational burden(TMB)has attracted increasing attention from clinicians in predicting the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy.Currently,TMB is detected primarily by whole-exome sequencing or targeted panel sequencing on high-throughput sequencing platforms.However,the lack of uniformity in detection methods,threshold settings,and reporting formats,as well as the significant differences in TMB values among different cancer types,have hindered the standardized application of this biomarker in clinical practice.This consensus focuses on the definition,standardization of detection,clinical significance,and limitations of TMB,and provides consensus recommendations for the clinical application of TMB in real-world practice in China.This consensus is aimed at helping clinicians and laboratory personnel understand the clinical significance and testing standards of TMB,promoting more accurate interpretation of test results,and improving patient care. 展开更多
关键词 Biomarkers tumor mutational burden tumor immunotherapy targeted panel sequencing whole-exome sequencing
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CXCL8/SDC1 axis mediates tumor stem cell interactions to drive remote transfer in thyroid cancer 认领 引用
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作者 Wenjuan Wang Jian Zhou +2 位作者 Baorui Tao Ning Kong Jie Shao 《Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第1期142-159,共18页
This study explores the molecular mechanisms behind the remote transfer of thyroid cancer(THCA)by investigating the interaction network of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8+(CXCL8+monocytes and syndecan-1+(SDC1+)tumor st... This study explores the molecular mechanisms behind the remote transfer of thyroid cancer(THCA)by investigating the interaction network of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8+(CXCL8+monocytes and syndecan-1+(SDC1+)tumor stem cells using single-cell and spatial transcriptome sequencing.Tumor samples from THCA patients were analyzed using single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq),spatial transcriptome sequencing,and tumor tissue transcriptome analysis.Data were processed with Seurat and CellChat R packages,integrated via the SPOTlight package,and correlated with clinical data from the UCSC Xena database.Functional pathway enrichment analyses were performed using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis(GSEA),Gene Ontology(GO),and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome(KEGG).In vitro,a co-culture system of monocytes and THCA stem cells was developed,and protein levels were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and Western blotting.The self-renewal and migration of follicular thyroid carcinoma(FTC)238-S cells were assessed through sphere formation,colony formation,Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8),and Transwell assays.In vivo,a subcutaneous tumor xenograft model and a lung metastasis model were established in nude mice.Transcriptomic analyses identified the CXCL8/SDC1 axis as a key mediator of Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription(JAK-STAT)signaling activation,promoting THCA stem cell self-renewal,invasion,and metastasis.CXCL8/SDC1 expression was significantly higher in the high-risk C1 subtype of THCA patients and correlated with a worse prognosis.In vitro and animal studies confirmed that the CXCL8/SDC1 axis drives tumor progression and metastasis.The interaction between CXCL8+monocytes and SDC1+tumor stem cells activates the JAK-STAT pathway,facilitating the remote transfer of THCA.Targeting the CXCL8/SDC1 axis may provide novel therapeutic strategies for improving THCA patient outcomes. 展开更多
关键词 Thyroid cancer Spatial transcriptome sequencing Single-cell transcriptome sequencing Cellular communication Tumor classification Tumor remote transfer CXCL8 Syndecan-1
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Circulating tumor cells with chromosome 8 aneuploidy are a diagnostic and prognostic monitoring biomarker for ovarian cancer 认领 引用
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作者 Shimin Yang Buyun Li +7 位作者 Hongyan Cheng Xue Ye Sha Dou Yuanfen Wang Xuelian Song Huarui Yang Xiaohong Chang Yi Li 《Chinese Journal of Cancer Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第1期67-82,共16页
Objective:We investigated the clinical value of a novel circulating tumor cell(CTC)detection method—subtraction enrichment combined with immunostaining and fluorescence in situ hybridization(SEi FISH)—in ovarian can... Objective:We investigated the clinical value of a novel circulating tumor cell(CTC)detection method—subtraction enrichment combined with immunostaining and fluorescence in situ hybridization(SEi FISH)—in ovarian cancer(OC).This study evaluated the diagnostic and prognostic significance of chromosome 8aneuploidy in CTCs and circulating tumor endothelial cells(CTECs)for preoperative diagnosis,treatment efficacy assessment,and recurrence monitoring.Methods:A total of 331 patients were enrolled,including 56 with newly diagnosed primary OC,265 with benign ovarian tumors,and 10 with borderline tumors.Peripheral blood CTCs and CTECs were detected using SEi FISH;their quantity and ploidy characteristics were analyzed in relation to clinical indicators.To assess dynamic CTC changes during disease progression and treatment response,72 patients were followed longitudinally,of whom 19 experienced recurrence.Results:The CTC detection rate in OC patients was 92.9%,with significantly higher counts than that in the benign tumor group(median 5 vs.2).Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated good diagnostic performance for total CTCs[area under the curve(AUC)=0.699],with triploid CTCs achieving the highest efficacy(AUC=0.792),surpassing carbohydrate antigen 125(CA125)(AUC=0.702).Postoperative follow-up showed that70%of patients exhibited concurrent decreases in CTCs and CA125 levels,indicating disease improvement.In30%of patients,CTC levels did not correlate with changes in CA125 levels.Individual case evidence suggests that CTC alterations may serve as an early indicator of recurrence or metastasis.Among the 19 recurrent cases,73.7%showed elevated CTCs at recurrence that decreased following treatment.In four patients,CTCs reflected disease progression earlier than CA125,indicating higher sensitivity for recurrence monitoring.Conclusions:CTCs with chromosome 8 aneuploidy demonstrate significant clinical value in the preoperative diagnosis,treatment efficacy evaluation,and recurrence monitoring of OC.Dynamic CTC changes may serve as a more sensitive indicator than CA125 for disease surveillance,supporting the translational potential of CTC-based biomarkers in OC. 展开更多
关键词 Ovarian cancer circulating tumor cells circulating tumor endothelial cells chromosome 8 aneuploidy prognostic monitoring
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From diagnostic marker-to-therapeutic modality:emerging paradigms in tumor biomineralization 认领 引用
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作者 Fan Liu Qiqi Cao +8 位作者 Qinglan Chen Zimo Dong Anru Wang Negar Hosseini Han Han Yuxuan Shen Yutong Wu Liyan Miao Huabing Chen 《Cancer Biology & Medicine》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第4期504-526,共23页
Biomineralization is a highly regulated,multi-scale biological process that is well-characterized in physiologic contexts but remains poorly understood in pathologic settings.Tumor-associated calcification frequently ... Biomineralization is a highly regulated,multi-scale biological process that is well-characterized in physiologic contexts but remains poorly understood in pathologic settings.Tumor-associated calcification frequently occurs in clinical practice but is often regarded as an imaging feature rather than an active biological phenomenon.Existing evidence has indicated that tumor calcification is closely linked to cancer progression,prognosis,and underlying biological behavior.This review synthesizes current knowledge on tumor-associated biomineralization from a multidisciplinary perspective,integrating insights from oncology,cell biology,pathology,materials science,and systems biology.The major types and microstructural features of calcium deposition that occur in tumors are summarized and the clinical correlations are discussed.The proposed molecular and cellular mechanisms,including organelle-mediated mineral nucleation,metabolic regulation,differentiation-driven processes,and cell fate-dependent pathways,were further examined.Advances in multi-omics technologies,biomimetic models,and analytical characterization methods are highlighted as critical enablers for mechanistic investigation across biological scales.Finally,emerging strategies that exploit induced tumor calcification using engineered materials as a potential drug free therapeutic and diagnostic approach are discussed.By framing tumor calcification as an active,regulated phenotype,this review aims to provide a unified conceptual framework,identify current knowledge gaps,and encourage future research toward translational applications in cancer diagnosis and treatment. 展开更多
关键词 Cancer-associated calcification tumor biomineralization diagnostic and prognosis microstructure and microenvironment material-based therapy artificial induced tumor calcification
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Circulating Tumor DNA in Cervical Cancer:Clinical Utility and Medico-Legal Perspectives 认领 引用
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作者 Abdulrahman K.Sinno Aisha Mustapha +6 位作者 Navya Nair Simona Zaami Lina De Paola Valentina Billone Eleonora Conti Giuseppe Gullo Pasquale Patrizio 《Oncology Research》 SCIE 2026年第1期71-88,共18页
Cervical cancer related to human papillomavirus(HPV)is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide.Cancer cells release fragments of their DNA,known as circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA),which can be d... Cervical cancer related to human papillomavirus(HPV)is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide.Cancer cells release fragments of their DNA,known as circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA),which can be detected in bodily fluids.A PubMed search using the terms“ctHPV”or“circulating tumor DNA”and“cervical cancer”,limited to the past ten years,identified 104 articles,complemented by hand-searching for literature addressing medico-legal implications.Studies were evaluated for relevance and methodological quality.Detection and characterization of circulating tumor HPV DNA(ctHPV DNA)have emerged as promising tools for assessing prognosis and disease recurrence in cervical cancer.Detection techniques include polymerase chain reaction(PCR),digital droplet PCR(ddPCR),and next-generation sequencing(NGS).This review summarizes current knowledge on ctHPV DNA in cervical cancer and explores its clinical and medico-legal implications,including management of discordant results,diagnostic errors,liability,and data protection compliance. 展开更多
关键词 Circulating tumor DNA circulating tumor human papillomavirus cervical cancer medico-legal implications
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Tumor-resident bacteria in gastrointestinal cancers:from regulatory mechanisms to clinical implications 认领 引用
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作者 Ying Zhang Bingyu Tan +2 位作者 Qianying Zhou Lixia Xu Lei Zhou 《Cancer Biology & Medicine》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第5期615-636,共22页
The human microbiome is increasingly recognized as a key contributor to the tumor microenvironment(TME).Advances in sequencing technologies have revealed the pivotal role of intratumoral microbiota in the development ... The human microbiome is increasingly recognized as a key contributor to the tumor microenvironment(TME).Advances in sequencing technologies have revealed the pivotal role of intratumoral microbiota in the development of gastrointestinal cancers.This review summarizes current knowledge on the characteristics and functional mechanisms of tumor-resident bacteria in colorectal,gastric,and hepatocellular carcinoma.We describe how these microbes affect carcinogenesis and disease progression through multiple pathways,including interactions between the microbiota and the host gut barrier,tumor cells,anti-tumor immunity,and other non-cellular components of the TME.In addition,the translational potential of intratumoral microbiota as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers,as well as the influence on therapeutic responses,is discussed.A growing understanding of tumor-microbe interactions not only deepens insight into cancer biology but also opens new directions for innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies,highlighting the potential of targeting the intratumoral microbiome to improve patient outcomes in gastrointestinal oncology. 展开更多
关键词 Intratumoral microbiota gastrointestinal cancers tumor microenvironment microbiome-host interactions
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Role of nanotechnology in modulating the tumor microenvironment to enhance immunotherapy efficacy 认领 引用
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作者 Ayushi Jain Saloni Verma +2 位作者 Alisha Jadhav Sharon John Shalini Gupta 《World Journal of Clinical Oncology》 2026年第1期8-21,共14页
The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment(TME)of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is marked by hypoxia,acidity,and abundant stromal cells,such as cancer-associated fibroblasts,tumor-associated macrophages,and myel... The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment(TME)of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is marked by hypoxia,acidity,and abundant stromal cells,such as cancer-associated fibroblasts,tumor-associated macrophages,and myeloid-derived suppressor cells,along with factors such as tobacco and alcohol exposure,human papillomavirus infection,and microbial imbalance that drive immune evasion and poor immunotherapy responses.This review critically evaluated nanotechnology-driven strategies for reprogramming the OSCC TME,focusing on overcoming immunosuppression,hypoxia,stromal barriers,and OSCC-specific challenges to enhance immunotherapy outcomes.Personalized nanotherapies guided by TME profiling,combination with radiotherapy/chemotherapy,and theranostic nanoparticles show promise despite manufacturingegulatory challenges.Nanotechnology enables transformative TME reprogramming to potentiate OSCC immunotherapy,necessitating interdisciplinary research and clinical validation. 展开更多
关键词 Immunotherapy Oral squamous cell carcinoma Nanomedicine Tumor microenvironment Tumor associated macrophages Hypoxia Nanoparticles
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Microbial reprogramming of immunogenic cell death:a new paradigm in tumor immunotherapy 认领 引用
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作者 Yilin Li Huiyue Zhang +5 位作者 Yun Feng Kun Fang Yue Wang Yuhang Zhou Tao Sun Junnan Xu 《Cancer Biology & Medicine》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第5期657-677,共21页
Immunogenic cell death(ICD),a special form of cell death,transforms“cold”tumors into“hot”tumors by fulfilling the following three key conditions:antigenicity;adjuvanticity;and a suitable tumor microenvironment(TME... Immunogenic cell death(ICD),a special form of cell death,transforms“cold”tumors into“hot”tumors by fulfilling the following three key conditions:antigenicity;adjuvanticity;and a suitable tumor microenvironment(TME).Tumor cells release damageassociated molecular patterns(DAMPs)during ICD,thereby activating the dendritic–cytotoxic T cell axis to elicit systemic antitumor immune responses.However,drug resistance and immune-related adverse effects often limit traditional ICD inducers,including chemotherapy and radiotherapy.Notably,microbiota and microbial metabolites can trigger ICD in tumor cells,leading to the release of DAMPs,modulation of immune cell functions,and TME remodeling.This study comprehensively reviews the mechanisms underlying ICD regulation via microbiota and microbial metabolites.In addition,this review examines emerging strategies,including engineered microbiota,microbial-based combination therapies(such as incorporating immune checkpoint inhibitors or chemotherapy),and dietary interventions.Despite challenges associated with individual microbiota variability and mechanistic complexity,this study highlights the potential of microbiota-mediated ICD modulation as a novel paradigm for personalized cancer therapy,thereby providing insights for future directions of scientific research. 展开更多
关键词 Immunogenic cell death damage-associated molecular patterns microbiota and microbial metabolites tumor microenvironment antitumor immune responses
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Carbon dots:multifunctional nanoplatforms for advanced tumor immunotherapy 认领 引用
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作者 Hong-Xin Liu Min Zheng 《Biomedical Engineering Communications》 CAS 2026年第4期1-4,共4页
Tumor immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment,yet critical challenges persist,including inefficient antigen delivery,immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment(TME),and poor targeting precision.Carbon dots(CDs... Tumor immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment,yet critical challenges persist,including inefficient antigen delivery,immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment(TME),and poor targeting precision.Carbon dots(CDs),as versatile carbon-based nanomaterials,have emerged as transformative tools in this field,leveraging their exceptional biocompatibility,tunable surface functionality,unique optical properties,and efficient cargo-loading capacity[1-8].This editorial provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in carbon dots(CDs)-based strategies for tumor immunotherapy,emphasizing their diverse roles in enhancing antitumor immunity. 展开更多
关键词 immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment carbon dots tumor immunotherapy targeting precision inefficient antigen deliveryimmunosuppressive poor targeting precisioncarbon dots cds multifunctional nanoplatforms antigen delivery
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Tumor organoids in translational cancer research:Models for personalized therapy 认领 引用
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作者 Himanshu Agrawal Himanshu Tanwar Nikhil Gupta 《World Journal of Translational Medicine》 2026年第1期1-20,共20页
BACKGROUND Tumor organoids are 3D cell culture models derived from patient tumor tissues that replicate the complexity of the tumor microenvironment(TME).These models preserve the genetic and phenotypic features of th... BACKGROUND Tumor organoids are 3D cell culture models derived from patient tumor tissues that replicate the complexity of the tumor microenvironment(TME).These models preserve the genetic and phenotypic features of the original tumor,making them superior to traditional 2D cultures and xenografts for cancer research.AIM To explore the role of tumor organoids in translational cancer research,with a focus on their applications in personalized therapy and drug testing.METHODS A comprehensive review of studies was conducted,including articles from PubMed,Scopus,and Web of Science,with a focus on tumor organoid models in cancer research,particularly in preclinical and clinical drug testing,personalized therapy,and biomarker identification.RESULTS Tumor organoids enable high-throughput drug screening,allowing the identification of effective therapies for individual patients.They provide insights into tumor behavior,metastasis,and resistance mechanisms.Additionally,organoids facilitate the evaluation of various therapeutic strategies,including chemotherapy,targeted therapies,and immunotherapies.Despite challenges like inconsistent success rates and ethical concerns with animal-derived matrices,advancements in organoid technology,including AI integration and multi-omics,promise to enhance their clinical applications.CONCLUSION Tumor organoids hold immense potential in precision oncology by providing Agrawal H et al.Tumor organoids in cancer research and personalized therapy more accurate,patient-specific models for studying cancer biology and predicting treatment responses.Their integration into clinical decision-making will enhance personalized treatment approaches and improve cancer therapy outcomes. 展开更多
关键词 Tumor organoids Personalized therapy Cancer research Drug screening Tumor microenvironment
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Tumor-associated macrophages in hepatocellular carcinoma:Cellular plasticity and therapy resistance in crosstalk 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Tianhao Zhang Xi Zhao +1 位作者 Tingting Gao Fang Ma 《Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第1期5-16,共12页
Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the predominant type of liver cancer.There are different risk factors for HCC including viral infection,liver fibrosis,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,environmental factors and genomi... Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the predominant type of liver cancer.There are different risk factors for HCC including viral infection,liver fibrosis,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,environmental factors and genomic alterations.The tumor microenvironment(TME)has been proposed as a potent regulator of tumor malignancy comprised of normal and cancerous cells.Macrophages are among the most abundant cells in the TME,known as tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)that can control proliferation,metastasis,immune reactions and therapy response of tumor cells.In the present review,the function of TAMs in the regulation of HCC progression was evaluated.TAMs are prognostic factors in HCC that increase in TAM infiltration into TME can cause undesirable outcome in patients.Moreover,M2 polarization of macrophages can impair function of other immune cells such as T cells and natural killer(NK)cells to mediate immune evasion.TAMs demonstrate association with other biological events including autophagy and glycolysis.There is mutual interaction between TAMs and exosomes that TAM-mediated exosome secretion regulates HCC progression,while exosomes derived from other cells can also affect TAMs.Inhibition of macrophage recruitment,their depletion and increasing M1 polarization are promising approaches in HCC therapy.The natural products and nanostructures have been also recently introduced for the regulation of macrophages in HCC therapy. 展开更多
关键词 Hepatocellular carcinoma Immunotherapy Tumor microenvironment Tumor-associated macrophages Drug delivery
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Deep Learning for Brain Tumor Segmentation and Classification: A Systematic Review of Methods and Trends 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Ameer Hamza Robertas Damaševicius 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2026年第1期132-172,共41页
This systematic review aims to comprehensively examine and compare deep learning methods for brain tumor segmentation and classification using MRI and other imaging modalities,focusing on recent trends from 2022 to 20... This systematic review aims to comprehensively examine and compare deep learning methods for brain tumor segmentation and classification using MRI and other imaging modalities,focusing on recent trends from 2022 to 2025.The primary objective is to evaluate methodological advancements,model performance,dataset usage,and existing challenges in developing clinically robust AI systems.We included peer-reviewed journal articles and highimpact conference papers published between 2022 and 2025,written in English,that proposed or evaluated deep learning methods for brain tumor segmentation and/or classification.Excluded were non-open-access publications,books,and non-English articles.A structured search was conducted across Scopus,Google Scholar,Wiley,and Taylor&Francis,with the last search performed in August 2025.Risk of bias was not formally quantified but considered during full-text screening based on dataset diversity,validation methods,and availability of performance metrics.We used narrative synthesis and tabular benchmarking to compare performance metrics(e.g.,accuracy,Dice score)across model types(CNN,Transformer,Hybrid),imaging modalities,and datasets.A total of 49 studies were included(43 journal articles and 6 conference papers).These studies spanned over 9 public datasets(e.g.,BraTS,Figshare,REMBRANDT,MOLAB)and utilized a range of imaging modalities,predominantly MRI.Hybrid models,especially ResViT and UNetFormer,consistently achieved high performance,with classification accuracy exceeding 98%and segmentation Dice scores above 0.90 across multiple studies.Transformers and hybrid architectures showed increasing adoption post2023.Many studies lacked external validation and were evaluated only on a few benchmark datasets,raising concerns about generalizability and dataset bias.Few studies addressed clinical interpretability or uncertainty quantification.Despite promising results,particularly for hybrid deep learning models,widespread clinical adoption remains limited due to lack of validation,interpretability concerns,and real-world deployment barriers. 展开更多
关键词 Brain tumor segmentation brain tumor classification deep learning vision transformers hybrid models
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Is salvage treatment necessary after incomplete resection of rectal neuroendocrine tumors:A systematic review and meta-analysis 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Jae Hyun Kim Jung Won Lee +2 位作者 Hyun Jung Kim Seung Min Hong Seun Ja Park 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2026年第3期174-188,共15页
BACKGROUND Incomplete resection of rectal neuroendocrine tumors(NETs),defined by positive or indeterminate margins or lymphovascular invasion,raises concerns regarding residual disease and recurrence.However,the benef... BACKGROUND Incomplete resection of rectal neuroendocrine tumors(NETs),defined by positive or indeterminate margins or lymphovascular invasion,raises concerns regarding residual disease and recurrence.However,the benefits of salvage treatment in these cases remain unclear.AIM To evaluate the oncologic impact of salvage treatment compared with observation after incomplete endoscopic resection of rectal NETs through a systematic review and meta-analysis.METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines.MEDLINE,EMBASE,and the Cochrane Library were searched from their inception until May 2025.Eligible studies included patients with incompletely resected rectal NETs managed with salvage treatment or observation,reporting outcomes of residual tumors or recurrence.Pooled estimates were calculated using random-effects models with Hartung-Knapp adjustments.RESULTS Thirty-four studies with 2279 cases of incomplete endoscopic resection met the inclusion criteria.The incomplete resection rates differed markedly according to the initial resection method(17 studies):73.1%for cold snare polypectomy,29.8%for conventional endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR),28.4%for modified EMR,and 14.7%for endoscopic submucosal dissection.Among the 19 studies that evaluated salvage treatment,the pooled residual tumor rate was 25.0%[95%confidence interval(CI):12.0%-40.0%].The crude recurrence rates from 31 studies favored salvage treatment over observation(0.96%vs 2.96%,P=0.003).However,a meta-analysis of nine comparative studies found no statistically significant difference in recurrence risk(odds ratio=0.89;95%CI:0.40-2.02).CONCLUSION Given the relatively high residual tumor rate and low incidence of recurrence,salvage treatment may be justified as both a diagnostic and therapeutic approach after incomplete resection of rectal NETs.Although its benefits in preventing recurrence remain unclear,clinical decisions should be individualized,as these findings are based on low-certainty evidence. 展开更多
关键词 Rectum Neuroendocrine tumors Residual neoplasm Salvage therapy Observation
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Antibody screening for tumor and immune hotspot targets:The frontier of new methods and technologies 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Yaping Zhou Yitan Zou +6 位作者 Shaodong Lv Dan Tan Guangyao Li Wenyan Fu Changhai Lei Mingdong Lu Shi Hu 《Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第2期393-412,共20页
Advancements in tumor immunotherapy highlight the significant potential of antibody drugs,a key category of biological agents,for treating cancer and autoimmune diseases.This paper begins by defining and classifying k... Advancements in tumor immunotherapy highlight the significant potential of antibody drugs,a key category of biological agents,for treating cancer and autoimmune diseases.This paper begins by defining and classifying key targets in tumor immunity,as well as discussing their structural and functional characteristics.Subsequently,it elaborates on innovative technologies for antibody drug screening,which,when integrated with contemporary molecular biology,biotechnology,and computational biology,have substantially enhanced the efficiency and accuracy of target identification and antibody drug screening processes.Despite the promising prospects of tumor immunotherapy,certain limitations persist in its practical implementation.In conclusion,this paper offers a comprehensive examination of the cutting-edge developments in tumor immunotherapy,focusing on the aspects of tumor immunotherapy itself,critical targets for immunotherapy,and novel technologies and methodologies for antibody screening.This analysis is crucial for advancing the field of tumor immunotherapy and for enhancing both therapeutic efficacy and safety.Furthermore,research and development(R&D)of antibody drugs in other domains,such as autoimmune and inflammatory diseases,can benefit from it. 展开更多
关键词 Tumor immunotherapy Hotspot targets Antibody drug screening Target discovery Innovative technologies and methods
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Endothelial metabolic reprogramming influences tumor immune microenvironment 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Ming Chen Zhi-Gang Chen 《World Journal of Clinical Oncology》 2026年第3期29-44,共16页
The components of the tumor microenvironment are crucial in tumor growth,metastasis,immune evasion and therapeutic resistance.To adapt to the lowoxygen and nutrient-deficient conditions,cancer cells generate new blood... The components of the tumor microenvironment are crucial in tumor growth,metastasis,immune evasion and therapeutic resistance.To adapt to the lowoxygen and nutrient-deficient conditions,cancer cells generate new blood vessels to promote tumor expansion and metastatic spread via tumor angiogenesis.Recent research has revealed that tumor endothelial cells reprogram their metabolic patterns during tumor progression.These metabolic changes influence the infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes such as CD8+T cells and recruit immunesuppressive cells,resulting in immune evasion and increased tumor progression.Therefore,targeting tumor endothelial metabolism alongside immunotherapies could offer a novel strategy for precise cancer treatment in clinical settings. 展开更多
关键词 Tumor microenvironment Tumor endothelial cells Metabolic reprogramming Immunosuppression Immunotherapy
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Enhanced recovery after surgery-based recovery room nursing improves perioperative safety in gastrointestinal tumor surgery 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Wan-Qi Zhong Su Wu +6 位作者 Ru-Xin Jiang Shao-Ru Chen Dan-Yang Li Jun Zhou Jiang-Xia Wu Ruo-Jing Zeng Hui Zhi 《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology》 SCIE 2026年第1期211-220,共10页
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal(GI)tumors are among the most prevalent malignancies,and surgical intervention remains a primary treatment modality.However,the complexity of GI surgery often leads to prolonged recovery and... BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal(GI)tumors are among the most prevalent malignancies,and surgical intervention remains a primary treatment modality.However,the complexity of GI surgery often leads to prolonged recovery and high postoperative complication rates,which threaten patient safety and functional outcomes.Enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)principles have been shown to improve perioperative outcomes through evidence-based,multidisciplinary care pathways.Despite its widespread adoption,there is a paucity of research focusing specifically on optimizing ERAS-guided nursing processes in the post-anesthesia care unit(PACU)and evaluating its impact on perioperative safety in patients undergoing GI tumor surgery.This study aimed to investigate whether an ERASbased PACU nursing protocol could enhance recovery,reduce complications,and improve patient safety in this surgical population.AIM To explore the impact of optimizing the recovery room nursing process based on ERAS on the perioperative safety of patients with GI tumors.METHODS A total of 260 patients with GI tumors who underwent elective surgeries under general anesthesia in our hospital from August 2023 to August 2025 and were then observed in the recovery unit(PACU)were selected.They were randomly divided into the observation group(the PACU nursing process was optimized based on ERAS)and the control group(the conventional PACU nursing process was adopted)by the random number grouping method,with 130 cases in each group.The time of gastric tube removal,urinary catheter removal,defecation time,hospital stay,time of leaving the room after tube removal,retention time in the recovery room,occurrence of complications,satisfaction and readmission rate were compared between the two groups after entering the room.Compare the occurrence of adverse events in the PACU nursing process between the two groups.RESULTS The time of gastric tube removal,urinary catheter removal,defecation time,hospital stay,retention time in the recovery room,total incidence of complications and readmission rate in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the satisfaction rate was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The occurrence of adverse events in the PACU nursing process in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Optimizing the PACU nursing process based on ERAS can effectively accelerate the recovery process of patients undergoing GI tumor surgery,reduce adverse events,improve nursing satisfaction,and at the same time,lower the incidence of adverse events in the PACU nursing process,providing a more refined management basis for clinical practice. 展开更多
关键词 Enhanced recovery after surgery Recovery room Nursing Gastrointestinal tumors Perioperative period
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Qiweizhigan granule ameliorates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis by modulating the galectin 3/tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6-mediated ferroptosis 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Yu-Nuo Yang Yun-Hong Sun +9 位作者 Ming-Zhe Zhu Yi-Rong Wang Meng Li Kai Wang Jing Ma Li Zhang Dan Hu Wen-Jun Zhou Guang Ji Yan-Qi Dang 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2026年第17期116-134,共19页
BACKGROUND Qiweizhigan granule(QWZG)is employed in clinical settings for the treatment of metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatohepatitis(MASH).However,the precise biological mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effe... BACKGROUND Qiweizhigan granule(QWZG)is employed in clinical settings for the treatment of metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatohepatitis(MASH).However,the precise biological mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects are not yet fully elucidated.AIM To assess the efficacy and the mechanism of QWZG against MASH.METHODS Animal models were established,including normal group,a choline-deficient,L-amino acid-defined high-fat diet(CDAHFD)group,and low/medium/high-dose QWZG groups,as well as a rosiglitazone group.Through comprehensive biochemical,histopathological,RNA sequencing,and bioinformatics analyses,galectin 3(LGALS3)was identified as a critical target of QWZG in the treatment of MASH.The level of LGALS3 was quantitatively assessed and validated using Western blotting,real-time quantitative PCR,and immunofluorescence.The role and function of LGALS3 in inflammation and MASH progression were further investigated through gene knockdown,overexpression,iron assay,and transmission electron microscopy.RESULTS QWZG significantly ameliorated liver pathology by reducing steatosis,inflammation,and fibrosis.RNA sequencing analysis identified 1507 co-expressed differentially expressed genes among the CDAHFD,normal,and QWZG groups.Among these,LGALS3 was identified as one of the most significantly altered differentially expressed genes.Both mRNA and protein levels of LGALS3 were elevated in the CDAHFD group compared to the normal group,whereas treatment with QWZG reduced their levels.Analysis of Human Protein Atlas database indicated that LGALS3 was predominantly expressed in Kupffer cells,and was validated by real-time quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence.Furthermore,the level of LGALS3 was significantly increased in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells,where its overexpression and recombinant LGALS3 protein both significantly enhanced the expression of interleukin-6,interleukin-1β,and tumor necrosis factor-α.LGALS3 overexpression significantly inhibited glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)expression,and exacerbated mitochondrial damage,whereas LGALS3 knockdown markedly increased GPX4 level,and significantly reduced the levels of both total iron and ferrous iron.QWZG treatment significantly reduced the levels of malondialdehyde and ferrous iron,increased the levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione.In addition,QWZG treatment also significantly enhanced GPX4 expression.Mechanistically,LGALS3 knockdown was associated with reduced expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6(TRAF6)and NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3,while its overexpression led to increased levels of these proteins.The TRAF6 inhibitor C25-140 effectively reversed the LGALS3-induced alterations in GPX4 expression and iron accumulation.Furthermore,QWZG treatment significantly decreased the levels of TRAF6 and NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3.CONCLUSION QWZG ameliorated the progression of MASH by modulating ferroptosis through the LGALS3/TRAF6/GPX4 axis. 展开更多
关键词 Qiweizhigan granule Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis Galectin 3 Tumor necrosis factor receptorassociated factor 6 Ferroptosis
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