This study explores the nonlinear resonance of a rotating solar sail membrane exposed to time-varying solar thermal and solar radiation pressure.The sail membrane is modeled using a cantilever membrane,applying the vo...This study explores the nonlinear resonance of a rotating solar sail membrane exposed to time-varying solar thermal and solar radiation pressure.The sail membrane is modeled using a cantilever membrane,applying the von Kármán theory for membrane large deflection.The membrane’s nonlinear equation is derived by employing the Lagrange equation while accounting for excitations from solar thermal and radiation pressure.The equation is solved via the Rayleigh-Ritz method.The bifurcation diagram of membrane motion is applied to reveal membrane resonance responses under different solar sail rotating frequencies.The displacement time history,phase portrait,Poincarémap,frequency spectrum,and the largest Lyapunov exponent are used to study nonlinear vibrations that occur near resonance regions.The results indicate that time-varying thermal loading excites membrane motions with multiple natural frequencies by the parametric resonance mechanics,leading to the onset of membrane chaotic motion.The membrane’s primary resonance is stimulated in harmonic oscillation by the time-varying radiation pressure.The divergence instability caused by thermal excitation is also illustrated by comparing the membrane’s vibration amplitude with and without thermal excitation.The membrane’s nonlinear vibration characteristics vary significantly with solar illumination angles,the membrane’s thermal expansion coefficients,and structural damping.展开更多
The paper analyzes the cryptocurrency ecosystem at both the aggregate and individual levels to understand the factors that impact future volatility.The study uses high-frequency panel data from 2020 to 2022 to examine...The paper analyzes the cryptocurrency ecosystem at both the aggregate and individual levels to understand the factors that impact future volatility.The study uses high-frequency panel data from 2020 to 2022 to examine the relationship between several market volatility drivers,such as daily leverage,signed volatility and jumps.Several known autoregressive model specifications are estimated over different market regimes,and results are compared to equity data as a reference benchmark of a more mature asset class.The panel estimations show that the positive market returns at the high-frequency level increase price volatility,contrary to what is expected from the classical financial literature.We attributed this effect to the price dynamics over the last year of the dataset(2022)by repeating the estimation on different time spans.Moreover,the positive signed volatility and negative daily leverage positively impact the cryptocurrencies’future volatility,unlike what emerges from the same study on a cross-section of stocks.This result signals a structural difference in a nascent cryptocurrency market that has to mature yet.Further individual-level analysis confirms the findings of the panel analysis and highlights that these effects are statistically significant and commonly shared among many components in the selected universe.展开更多
Our research objective was to expand the very limited knowledgebase pertaining to the ecology of fringing coral reefs in the Gulf of Suez, Egypt. Specifically, determine dominant coral species and investigate why this...Our research objective was to expand the very limited knowledgebase pertaining to the ecology of fringing coral reefs in the Gulf of Suez, Egypt. Specifically, determine dominant coral species and investigate why this reef is capable of surviving at such a high-latitude and extreme harsh environment. Data collection included annual reef surveys, randomized quadrat sampling, five permanent video transects and in situ seawater temperature. Of the known Gulf of Suez 35 taxa, only six (Acropora humilis, A. microclados, A. hemprichii, Litophyton arboretum, Stylophora pistillata, Porites columna, and P. plantulata), compose 94% of the reef's coral cover. Coral dominance across species shifted drastically during the study period. However, the six coral dominance remained unchanged, while some decreased others increased. These six coral taxa regularly experience daily changes in seawater temperature and seasonal variations that exceed These extreme temperatures variation and the fact that only six coral taxa dominance remained unchanged, suggest that these corals may have developed a mechanism to cope with extreme seawater temperatures as evidenced by their continued growth and survival over the study period. We speculate that species dominance shift occurred largely as a result of a local oil spill rather than exposure to extreme temperatures. Further scrutiny of these species and the mechanisms by which they are able to thrive is recommended, as they hold the potential to benefit other coral communities as a resilient transplant species and model for understanding coral survivability in extreme environmental conditions.展开更多
1. Introduction Pulmonary diseases present one of the most severe threats to human society. Since late 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic has significantly impacted the lifestyle, culture, and polit...1. Introduction Pulmonary diseases present one of the most severe threats to human society. Since late 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic has significantly impacted the lifestyle, culture, and politics of almost everyone in the world. COVID-19 causes severe pulmonary dysfunction, which is a major cause of mortality for those affected [1].展开更多
Acoustofluidics,an interdisciplinary nexus of microfluidics and acoustics,is propelling the critical functionalities of manipulation,separation,and mixing within microscale environments.This integration leverages the ...Acoustofluidics,an interdisciplinary nexus of microfluidics and acoustics,is propelling the critical functionalities of manipulation,separation,and mixing within microscale environments.This integration leverages the accuracy of microfluidics with the manipulation capabilities of acoustics,thereby enhancing the vital sample processing steps and satisfying inquiries in experiments.To fulfill the requisites of practical application in clinical and research arenas,the evolution of acoustofluidics concentrates on accomplishing finer particle separation,instantaneous manipulation,and augmented integration capacity.Acoustofluidics has evolved into a sophisticated and versatile instrument for handling specimens and reactants,prompting a trend towards devices characterized by stable performance at elevated frequencies,programmable control,and seamless integration with auxiliary microfluidic systems.In this review,we present the latest advancements in the development of sophisticated acoustofluidic systems that enhance efficiency and enable precise modulation of performance across spatial and temporal scales,thereby extending their functionality and suitability for practical applications.展开更多
Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths.Most colorectal cancer patients eventually develop chemoresistance to the current standard-of-care therapies.Here,we used patient-derived colorectal cancer organoi...Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths.Most colorectal cancer patients eventually develop chemoresistance to the current standard-of-care therapies.Here,we used patient-derived colorectal cancer organoids to demonstrate that resistant tumor cells undergo significant chromatin changes in response to oxaliplatin treatment.Integrated transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility analyses using ATAC-Seq and RNA-Seq identified a group of genes associated with significantly increased chromatin accessibility and upregulated gene expression.CRISPR/Cas9 silencing of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1(FGFR1)and oxytocin receptor(OXTR)helped overcome oxaliplatin resistance.Similarly,treatment with oxaliplatin in combination with an FGFR1 inhibitor(PD166866)or an antagonist of OXTR(L-368,899)suppressed chemoresistant organoids.However,oxaliplatin treatment did not activate either FGFR1 or OXTR expression in another resistant organoid,suggesting that chromatin accessibility changes are patient-specific.The use of patient-derived cancer organoids in combination with transcriptomic and chromatin profiling may lead to precision treatments to overcome chemoresistance in colorectal cancer.展开更多
基金supported by the Science Fund of NPU-Duke China Seeds Program(Grant No.119003067)the CAST-BISEE Fund(Grant No.MC010175)+1 种基金the Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12372233)the“111”project of China(Grant No.B17037).
摘要This study explores the nonlinear resonance of a rotating solar sail membrane exposed to time-varying solar thermal and solar radiation pressure.The sail membrane is modeled using a cantilever membrane,applying the von Kármán theory for membrane large deflection.The membrane’s nonlinear equation is derived by employing the Lagrange equation while accounting for excitations from solar thermal and radiation pressure.The equation is solved via the Rayleigh-Ritz method.The bifurcation diagram of membrane motion is applied to reveal membrane resonance responses under different solar sail rotating frequencies.The displacement time history,phase portrait,Poincarémap,frequency spectrum,and the largest Lyapunov exponent are used to study nonlinear vibrations that occur near resonance regions.The results indicate that time-varying thermal loading excites membrane motions with multiple natural frequencies by the parametric resonance mechanics,leading to the onset of membrane chaotic motion.The membrane’s primary resonance is stimulated in harmonic oscillation by the time-varying radiation pressure.The divergence instability caused by thermal excitation is also illustrated by comparing the membrane’s vibration amplitude with and without thermal excitation.The membrane’s nonlinear vibration characteristics vary significantly with solar illumination angles,the membrane’s thermal expansion coefficients,and structural damping.
摘要The paper analyzes the cryptocurrency ecosystem at both the aggregate and individual levels to understand the factors that impact future volatility.The study uses high-frequency panel data from 2020 to 2022 to examine the relationship between several market volatility drivers,such as daily leverage,signed volatility and jumps.Several known autoregressive model specifications are estimated over different market regimes,and results are compared to equity data as a reference benchmark of a more mature asset class.The panel estimations show that the positive market returns at the high-frequency level increase price volatility,contrary to what is expected from the classical financial literature.We attributed this effect to the price dynamics over the last year of the dataset(2022)by repeating the estimation on different time spans.Moreover,the positive signed volatility and negative daily leverage positively impact the cryptocurrencies’future volatility,unlike what emerges from the same study on a cross-section of stocks.This result signals a structural difference in a nascent cryptocurrency market that has to mature yet.Further individual-level analysis confirms the findings of the panel analysis and highlights that these effects are statistically significant and commonly shared among many components in the selected universe.
摘要Our research objective was to expand the very limited knowledgebase pertaining to the ecology of fringing coral reefs in the Gulf of Suez, Egypt. Specifically, determine dominant coral species and investigate why this reef is capable of surviving at such a high-latitude and extreme harsh environment. Data collection included annual reef surveys, randomized quadrat sampling, five permanent video transects and in situ seawater temperature. Of the known Gulf of Suez 35 taxa, only six (Acropora humilis, A. microclados, A. hemprichii, Litophyton arboretum, Stylophora pistillata, Porites columna, and P. plantulata), compose 94% of the reef's coral cover. Coral dominance across species shifted drastically during the study period. However, the six coral dominance remained unchanged, while some decreased others increased. These six coral taxa regularly experience daily changes in seawater temperature and seasonal variations that exceed These extreme temperatures variation and the fact that only six coral taxa dominance remained unchanged, suggest that these corals may have developed a mechanism to cope with extreme seawater temperatures as evidenced by their continued growth and survival over the study period. We speculate that species dominance shift occurred largely as a result of a local oil spill rather than exposure to extreme temperatures. Further scrutiny of these species and the mechanisms by which they are able to thrive is recommended, as they hold the potential to benefit other coral communities as a resilient transplant species and model for understanding coral survivability in extreme environmental conditions.
基金support from the National Institutes of Health (U18TR003778, R01GM141055, R01GM132603, and R01GM135486)National Science Foundation (ECCS-1807601) to Tony Jun Huang+1 种基金Roy J. Carver faculty start-up fundUniversity of Iowa to Yuliang Xie。
摘要1. Introduction Pulmonary diseases present one of the most severe threats to human society. Since late 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic has significantly impacted the lifestyle, culture, and politics of almost everyone in the world. COVID-19 causes severe pulmonary dysfunction, which is a major cause of mortality for those affected [1].
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52025055,52322513,and 51975467)the Shaanxi University Youth Innovation Team.
摘要Acoustofluidics,an interdisciplinary nexus of microfluidics and acoustics,is propelling the critical functionalities of manipulation,separation,and mixing within microscale environments.This integration leverages the accuracy of microfluidics with the manipulation capabilities of acoustics,thereby enhancing the vital sample processing steps and satisfying inquiries in experiments.To fulfill the requisites of practical application in clinical and research arenas,the evolution of acoustofluidics concentrates on accomplishing finer particle separation,instantaneous manipulation,and augmented integration capacity.Acoustofluidics has evolved into a sophisticated and versatile instrument for handling specimens and reactants,prompting a trend towards devices characterized by stable performance at elevated frequencies,programmable control,and seamless integration with auxiliary microfluidic systems.In this review,we present the latest advancements in the development of sophisticated acoustofluidic systems that enhance efficiency and enable precise modulation of performance across spatial and temporal scales,thereby extending their functionality and suitability for practical applications.
基金WethankDukeCenterforGenomicandComputational Biology sequencingcorefacilityforresearchsupport.This work wassupportedbyNIHNCIU01CA217514andU01 CA214300.
摘要Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths.Most colorectal cancer patients eventually develop chemoresistance to the current standard-of-care therapies.Here,we used patient-derived colorectal cancer organoids to demonstrate that resistant tumor cells undergo significant chromatin changes in response to oxaliplatin treatment.Integrated transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility analyses using ATAC-Seq and RNA-Seq identified a group of genes associated with significantly increased chromatin accessibility and upregulated gene expression.CRISPR/Cas9 silencing of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1(FGFR1)and oxytocin receptor(OXTR)helped overcome oxaliplatin resistance.Similarly,treatment with oxaliplatin in combination with an FGFR1 inhibitor(PD166866)or an antagonist of OXTR(L-368,899)suppressed chemoresistant organoids.However,oxaliplatin treatment did not activate either FGFR1 or OXTR expression in another resistant organoid,suggesting that chromatin accessibility changes are patient-specific.The use of patient-derived cancer organoids in combination with transcriptomic and chromatin profiling may lead to precision treatments to overcome chemoresistance in colorectal cancer.