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Melatonin and Mitochondrial Function:Insights into Bioenergetics,Dynamics,and Gene Regulation 认领 引用 被引量:2
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作者 Silvia Carloni Maria Gemma Nasoni +6 位作者 Serafina Perrone Erik Bargagni Carla Gentile Walter Manucha Russel JReiter Francesca Luchetti Walter Balduini 《BIOCELL》 SCIE 2026年第2期1-22,共22页
Mitochondria are central regulators of cellular energy metabolism,redox balance,and survival,and their dysfunction contributes to neurodegenerative,cardiovascular,and metabolic diseases,as well as aging.Beyond its rol... Mitochondria are central regulators of cellular energy metabolism,redox balance,and survival,and their dysfunction contributes to neurodegenerative,cardiovascular,and metabolic diseases,as well as aging.Beyond its role as a circadian hormone,melatonin is now recognized as a key modulator of mitochondrial physiology.This review provides an overview of the mechanisms by which melatonin can preserve mitochondrial function through multifaceted mechanisms.Experimental evidence shows that melatonin enhances the activity of electron transport chain(ETC)complexes,stabilizes the mitochondrial membrane potential(Δψ),and prevents cardiolipin(CL)peroxidation,thereby limiting permeability transition pore(mPTP)opening and cytochrome c release.Through its direct radical scavenging capacity and the upregulation of mitochondrial antioxidant defenses,melatonin protects against oxidative stress(OS)and preserves mitochondrial DNA integrity.Melatonin also regulates mitochondrial dynamics by promoting fusion,restraining excessive fission,and supporting quality control mechanisms such as mitophagy,unfolded protein response(UPR),and proteostasis.Moreover,melatonin influences mitochondrial biogenesis and intercellular communication through tunneling nanotubes(TNTs)and mitokine signaling.Thus,melatonin may represent a promising multifaceted therapeutic strategy for preserving mitochondrial homeostasis in a range of pathological conditions,including neurodegeneration and cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.However,a significant translational gap still remains between the promising preclinical data and the established clinical practice.Therefore,the aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive synthesis of current knowledge on the mechanisms through which melatonin modulates mitochondrial function and to discuss its potential therapeutic implications in neurodegenerative,cardiovascular,and metabolic diseases. 展开更多
关键词 Melatonin mitochondrial bioenergetics mitochondrial dynamics oxidative stress tunneling nanotubes mitokines
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ALDH2 in autophagy and cell death:molecular mechanisms and implications for diseases 认领 引用 被引量:1
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作者 Yu Duan Ze-Chen Shan +1 位作者 Jiao-Jiao Pang Yu-Guo Chen 《Military Medical Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第2期239-266,共28页
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2(ALDH2),a mitochondrial enzyme,is the main acetaldehyde dehydrogenase involved in the scavenging of alcohol-derived acetaldehyde and endogenous aldehydes.The ALDH2rs671mutation affects 560 m... Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2(ALDH2),a mitochondrial enzyme,is the main acetaldehyde dehydrogenase involved in the scavenging of alcohol-derived acetaldehyde and endogenous aldehydes.The ALDH2rs671mutation affects 560 million East Asians and is closely related to an increased risk of various human diseases.In addition to its well-known function in detoxifying alcohol-derived acetaldehyde and endogenous aldehydes,ALDH2 is implicated in human health through its regulation of autophagic machinery and multiple cell death pathways(e.g.,apoptosis,necroptosis,pyroptosis,ferroptosis,and NETosis).This review summarizes the current knowledge of ALDH2 and the regulatory mechanism through which ALDH2 regulates autophagy and cell death.In addition,we outline the potential role of ALDH2 in the regulation of autophagy and cell death during the occurrence and progression of human diseases,aiming to provide a novel theoretical framework for human disease treatment. 展开更多
关键词 Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2(ALDH2) Autophagy Cell death Human diseases
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外泌体miRNA调控铁死亡在疾病中的应用 认领 引用 被引量:1
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作者 乐林芝 王国富 吴利先 《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2026年第2期215-223,共9页
铁死亡是一种铁依赖性脂质过氧化驱动的新型程序性细胞死亡方式,在多种疾病的发生与发展中扮演关键角色。外泌体作为细胞间通讯的重要媒介,其携带的miRNA可通过调控靶基因表达在调节细胞命运和疾病进程中发挥着关键作用。研究表明,外泌... 铁死亡是一种铁依赖性脂质过氧化驱动的新型程序性细胞死亡方式,在多种疾病的发生与发展中扮演关键角色。外泌体作为细胞间通讯的重要媒介,其携带的miRNA可通过调控靶基因表达在调节细胞命运和疾病进程中发挥着关键作用。研究表明,外泌体miRNA具有通过调节受损细胞中的铁死亡来调节多种疾病进展的能力。近年来,靶向外泌体miRNA对铁死亡的调节为未来各种疾病的临床治疗带来了希望。外泌体miRNA对铁死亡的调控作用已成为当前研究的热点,然而其精确的分子调控及临床应用潜力仍亟待探索。本文系统探讨了外泌体miRNA通过Xc-/GSH/GPX4通路、铁代谢通路、脂质代谢通路及上游调控通路调控铁死亡的具体分子机制,进而综述了外泌体miRNA调控铁死亡在癌症、心脑血管疾病、肺部疾病等多种疾病治疗中的潜在应用价值。此外,本文总结了当前研究在分子机制深度、临床转化及外泌体应用等方面面临的挑战,并对未来研究方向作出展望。本综述旨在深入探讨外泌体miRNA与铁死亡之间的交互作用,以期为揭示相关疾病机制和开发新型治疗策略提供新思路。 展开更多
关键词 外泌体 铁死亡 微RNA 疾病治疗
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可诱导共刺激分子的作用机制及其在器官纤维化中的研究进展 认领 引用 被引量:1
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作者 都昌乐 王瑜 《中国免疫学杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2026年第4期1009-1015,共7页
纤维化是慢性疾病中的一种常见病症,其特点为实质细胞减少和结缔组织过度沉积,导致器官组织结构破坏,最终造成器官功能衰竭,目前关于其发病机制尚不清晰。可诱导共刺激分子(ICOS)是CD28家族成员,与其配体结合后可促进T细胞增殖分化及释... 纤维化是慢性疾病中的一种常见病症,其特点为实质细胞减少和结缔组织过度沉积,导致器官组织结构破坏,最终造成器官功能衰竭,目前关于其发病机制尚不清晰。可诱导共刺激分子(ICOS)是CD28家族成员,与其配体结合后可促进T细胞增殖分化及释放多种细胞因子,参与机体免疫应答调节过程,在肿瘤、类风湿关节炎等多种疾病中有关键作用。本文重点阐述ICOS信号传导和免疫调节机制,以及在器官纤维化中的作用,为深入理解纤维化的形成提供理论基础。 展开更多
关键词 可诱导共刺激分子 信号传导 器官纤维化 免疫细胞
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Exploring TGFBR3 in disease pathogenesis:Mechanisms,clinical implications,and pharmacological modulation 认领 引用
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作者 Hui Song Jinjiang Chou +3 位作者 Peng Zhao Meijun Chen Jue Yang Xiaojiang Hao 《Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第3期598-614,共17页
Transforming growth factor beta(TGF-β)receptor 3(TGFBR3),or betaglycan,is a transmembrane proteoglycan that serves as a coreceptor for TGF-βligands,modulating TGF-βsignaling in a contextdependent manner.Its extrace... Transforming growth factor beta(TGF-β)receptor 3(TGFBR3),or betaglycan,is a transmembrane proteoglycan that serves as a coreceptor for TGF-βligands,modulating TGF-βsignaling in a contextdependent manner.Its extracellular domain can undergo proteolytic cleavage,yielding a 120 kDa soluble isoform(soluble transforming growth factor beta receptor 3(sTGFBR3))that antagonizes TGF-βsignaling by sequestering ligands.Through this dual role,TGFBR3 exerts profound influence over various physiological and pathological processes,including cell survival,stemness,differentiation,cancer metastasis,chemoresistance,and fibrosis,underscoring its significance as both a biomarker and therapeutic target.Despite its significance,regulatory mechanisms,particularly tissue-specific expression,cross-talk with other pathways and post-translational modifications,remain poorly defined.A current thorough review of the prognostic and therapeutic implications of TGFBR3 is still lacking.In this review,we systematically examine the structural features of TGFBR3,and their functional relevance,providing an in-depth analysis of its dysregulation and molecular roles in diseases such as cancer,nervous system disorders,cardiovascular diseases(CVDs),diabetes and infectious diseases.Current experimental approaches are critically evaluated,and gaps in existing literature are highlighted to identify priorities for future research.By synthesizing emerging insights,this review aims to inform the development of TGFBR3-targeted therapies and support the design of innovative clinical and preclinical strategies. 展开更多
关键词 TGFBR3 Cancer Diabetes Epigenetic modifications Pharmaceutical interventions
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构建大鼠类端粒沉默干扰体1基因RNA干扰慢病毒载体及鉴定 认领 引用
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作者 杨子姝 杨简 +3 位作者 黄萃园 程陈 吴迪 张静 《中国组织工程研究》 CAS 北大核心 2026年第31期8197-8204,共8页
背景:类端粒沉默干扰体1是催化组蛋白H3第79位赖氨酸甲基化的关键甲基转移酶,其功能异常与血管重构及多种疾病密切相关。构建稳定的类端粒沉默干扰体1基因RNA干扰慢病毒载体,可为研究类端粒沉默干扰体1在心血管疾病中的生物学功能及相... 背景:类端粒沉默干扰体1是催化组蛋白H3第79位赖氨酸甲基化的关键甲基转移酶,其功能异常与血管重构及多种疾病密切相关。构建稳定的类端粒沉默干扰体1基因RNA干扰慢病毒载体,可为研究类端粒沉默干扰体1在心血管疾病中的生物学功能及相关疾病机制提供有效的实验工具。目的:针对大鼠类端粒沉默干扰体1基因的RNA干扰慢病毒载体构建及鉴定。方法:设计并合成类端粒沉默干扰体1特异性的shRNA序列,将其克隆到慢病毒载体中,经包装、扩增和纯化后获得重组慢病毒。通过Western blot方法鉴定大鼠血管平滑肌细胞中类端粒沉默干扰体1基因表达的干扰效果。结果与结论:实验成功构建了大鼠类端粒沉默干扰体1 RNA干扰慢病毒载体,测得最终获得的重组慢病毒滴度为8×108PFU/mL。该慢病毒载体能够显著降低血管平滑肌细胞中类端粒沉默干扰体1的蛋白表达水平,可有效沉默类端粒沉默干扰体1基因表达,为进一步研究类端粒沉默干扰体1在大鼠体内的生物学功能提供了可靠工具。 展开更多
关键词 大鼠 类端粒沉默干扰体1(DOT1L) RNA干扰 慢病毒载体 质粒 组蛋白修饰 心血管疾病 293T人胚肾细胞
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色氨酸吲哚代谢物:肠−器官轴调控疾病的通信使者 认领 引用
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作者 申浩然 王志宇 +3 位作者 周思彤 韩燕星 蒋建东 郭慧慧 《药学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2026年第4期1019-1027,共9页
近年来,肠道菌群在疾病调控中的作用日益明晰,研究焦点已深入到菌群影响肠外器官病理生理的核心机制。色氨酸−吲哚代谢物,作为肠−器官轴中至关重要的信号分子,通过激活芳烃受体、孕烷X受体等,在抗炎、调节免疫平衡和维持线粒体功能等方... 近年来,肠道菌群在疾病调控中的作用日益明晰,研究焦点已深入到菌群影响肠外器官病理生理的核心机制。色氨酸−吲哚代谢物,作为肠−器官轴中至关重要的信号分子,通过激活芳烃受体、孕烷X受体等,在抗炎、调节免疫平衡和维持线粒体功能等方面发挥重要作用。本综述系统探讨了吲哚代谢物通过肠−肝轴、肠−脑轴、肠−心轴及肠−肺轴对机体疾病的调控机制,为理解肠道菌群−宿主互作及相关疾病的防治提供了新的理论视角。 展开更多
关键词 吲哚代谢物 肠−器官轴 肠道菌群 芳烃受体 免疫炎症
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TAF1 aggravates ferroptosis by promoting the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of nuclear GPX4 认领 引用
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作者 Kehong YE Meifu GAN +6 位作者 Liang SUN Chaoyi CHEN Xuan LAI Yinjun HE Ming ZHU Weiqin JIANG Honghe ZHANG 《Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE B》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第4期359-374,共16页
Glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)is a primary inhibitor of ferroptosis,a regulated form of cell death driven by the accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides.GPX4 exists in three isoforms localized in the cytosol,mitochondria... Glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)is a primary inhibitor of ferroptosis,a regulated form of cell death driven by the accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides.GPX4 exists in three isoforms localized in the cytosol,mitochondria,and nucleus;however,the regulatory mechanisms governing nuclear GPX4(nGPX4)remain largely unclear.Herein,we identified TATA box-binding protein-associated factor 1(TAF1)as a pivotal regulator of nGPX4.TAF1 phosphorylates nGPX4,leading to its lysine 11(K11)-linked ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation,thereby promoting ferroptosis in tumor protein p53(TP53)-mutant cells.Conversely,in TP53-wild-type(WT)cells,TAF1 phosphorylates TP53,facilitating murine double minute 2(MDM2)-mediated TP53 degradation,which upregulates solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11)expression and reduces cellular susceptibility to ferroptosis.Collectively,TAF1 plays dual and context-dependent roles in ferroptosis regulation,acting as both a promoter and an inhibitor depending on the TP53 status. 展开更多
关键词 TATA box-binding protein-associated factor 1(TAF1) Tumor protein p53(TP53) Ferroptosis Glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4) Protein degradation
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MitoQ alleviates m.3243A>G-induced mitochondrial dysfunction by stabilizing PINK1 and enhancing mitophagy 认领 引用
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作者 Baige Cao Lei Fang +7 位作者 Yinan Zhang Chuwen Lin Peng Liu Huina Zhang Orion Fan Ming Xu Zhao Qin Congrong Wang 《Journal of Genetics and Genomics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第3期476-487,共12页
The mitochondrial 3243A>G mutation(m.3243A>G)is associated with diverse clinical phenotypes.To elucidate the underlying mechanisms and explore intervention strategies in m.3243A>G patients,urine-derived stem ... The mitochondrial 3243A>G mutation(m.3243A>G)is associated with diverse clinical phenotypes.To elucidate the underlying mechanisms and explore intervention strategies in m.3243A>G patients,urine-derived stem cells(USCs)and a mitochondrial leucyl-tRNA synthetase gene(lars-2)deficient Caenorhabditis elegans(C.elegans)model are used to assess mitochondrial homeostasis and neuromuscular dysfunction.Patient-derived USCs with high levels of m.3243A>G heteroplasmy exhibit impaired mitochondrial function,disrupted mitochondrial dynamics,and inhibited mitophagy,which are reversed by MitoQ through suppression of OMA1 zinc metallopeptidase(OMA1)-induced mitochondrial phosphatase and tensin(PTEN)induced kinase 1(PINK1)degradation.Furthermore,lars-2 knockdown in C.elegans induces mitochondrial stress and mimics the loss of neural and muscle functions observed in patients with the m.3243A>G mutation.MitoQ treatment partially improves neurobehavioral function by promoting the PINK1 pathway.These findings suggest that MitoQ has therapeutic potential in the context of the m.3243A>G mutation. 展开更多
关键词 m.3243A>G USCs Mitochondrial quality control MitoQ C.elegans
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Recent research advances in the biological function and molecular mechanism of methylmalonic acid 认领 引用
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作者 Zi'ang WANG Wenhui CHENG +4 位作者 Teng WANG Yidi ZHANG Xin'e SHI Yuqi LV Jianjun JIN 《Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE B》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第3期225-235,共11页
The abnormal accumulation of methylmalonic acid(MMA),the leading cause of methylmalonic acidemia,can cause irreversible damage to the brain,kidney,and cardiovascular system.In addition,the accumulation of MMA in the b... The abnormal accumulation of methylmalonic acid(MMA),the leading cause of methylmalonic acidemia,can cause irreversible damage to the brain,kidney,and cardiovascular system.In addition,the accumulation of MMA in the blood has recently been associated with the occurrence of cancer,restricted bodily movement,and growth retardation.In this review,recent studies on the relationship between the metabolic abnormality of MMA and disease occurrence were summarized,concerning the brain,kidney,cardiovascular system,cancer,and skeletal muscles.It provides a theoretical basis and reference for further research and the treatment of MMA-related pathophysiological changes. 展开更多
关键词 Methylmalonic acid(MMA) Mitochondrial dysfunction Oxidative stress Post-translational modification of protein Muscle atrophy
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纤毛内运输调控纤毛发生及纤毛病的分子机制 认领 引用
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作者 葛婷婷 杨凡 +1 位作者 牛长敏 郑英 《生物化学与生物物理进展》 SCIE CAS CSCD 北大核心 2026年第8期2179-2193,共15页
纤毛内运输(intraflagellar transport,IFT)是纤毛组装、长度维持、信号转导及蛋白质组稳态调控的核心机制。由于多数纤毛蛋白在胞质中合成,而纤毛又受到过渡区选择性屏障限制,结构蛋白、膜蛋白和信号分子需要依赖IFT系统在纤毛基部、... 纤毛内运输(intraflagellar transport,IFT)是纤毛组装、长度维持、信号转导及蛋白质组稳态调控的核心机制。由于多数纤毛蛋白在胞质中合成,而纤毛又受到过渡区选择性屏障限制,结构蛋白、膜蛋白和信号分子需要依赖IFT系统在纤毛基部、轴丝、顶端和胞质之间进行定向转运与循环更新。IFT系统主要由IFT-A复合体、IFT-B复合体、驱动蛋白2(kinesin-2)、动力蛋白2(dynein-2)以及Bardet-Biedl综合征蛋白复合体(Bardet-Biedl syndrome protein complex,BBSome)等模块组成,通过顺行和逆行运输完成不同货物的动态转运。近年来,冷冻电子显微镜、原位断层扫描和单分子成像等技术的发展,揭示了IFT系统在纤毛基部列车装配、轴丝微管轨道运行、纤毛顶端转换以及货物回收中的分子机制。IFT-B作为主要的列车骨架,参与货物装载、马达耦联和顺行运输启动;IFT-A参与逆行运输、膜蛋白适配和列车重塑;BBSome则通过与IFT系统可逆结合,调控纤毛膜蛋白分选、信号受体清除和纤毛蛋白质组更新。IFT方向转换与顺行列车解聚、驱动蛋白2解离、动力蛋白2在纤毛顶端激活以及逆行列车重新组装密切相关。在病理机制方面,IFT异常可通过纤毛组装与结构缺陷、货物定位异常、信号通路失衡以及货物卸载和回收障碍等途径诱发纤毛病,累及视网膜、肾脏、骨骼、呼吸道、生殖系统及神经代谢系统。总体来看,IFT是由轴丝结构、马达活性、货物选择和细胞信号共同调控的动态运输系统。深入解析IFT调控机制及其与疾病表型的关系,有助于推动纤毛病的机制分型、遗传诊断和精准干预。 展开更多
关键词 纤毛内运输 驱动蛋白 动力蛋白 BBSome 纤毛发生 纤毛病
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隔日间断禁食通过稳定线粒体嵴结构增强大鼠缺氧耐力的机制研究 认领 引用
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作者 焦博 白云刚 +3 位作者 赵汝舟 陈祥宁 张琳 余志斌 《空军军医大学学报》 CAS 2026年第1期33-38,共6页
目的探讨隔日间断禁食对大鼠缺氧耐力的影响,并初步探讨其机制。方法选取体质量250~300 g的健康雄性SD大鼠,随机分为对照组(Con组)、对照缺氧组(Con+H组)、间断禁食组(IF组)和间断禁食缺氧组(IF+H组)。Con组和Con+H组正常饲养;IF组和IF+... 目的探讨隔日间断禁食对大鼠缺氧耐力的影响,并初步探讨其机制。方法选取体质量250~300 g的健康雄性SD大鼠,随机分为对照组(Con组)、对照缺氧组(Con+H组)、间断禁食组(IF组)和间断禁食缺氧组(IF+H组)。Con组和Con+H组正常饲养;IF组和IF+H组采用隔日禁食方式,5 d内累计禁食72 h,禁食期间完全剥夺食物但不限制饮水;每日定时检测各组大鼠体质量、血糖和血酮水平;饲养5 d后,将Con+H组和IF+H组置于7620 m模拟高空缺氧环境中停留24 h,观察大鼠存活率;通过透射电镜观察各组大鼠心肌组织线粒体形态,统计受损线粒体数量;采用Western blotting检测心肌组织中线粒体质量控制相关蛋白(生成、融合、分裂)及ATP合成相关蛋白的表达水平;采用ATP含量化学发光法检测各组大鼠心肌组织中ATP含量。结果IF+H组大鼠存活率显著高于Con+H组(P<0.01)。隔日禁食干预后,大鼠心肌组织中线粒体生成与融合相关蛋白表达显著升高,缺氧条件下受损线粒体数量明显少于Con+H组(P<0.01),ATP含量显著高于Con+H组(P<0.01)。结论隔日间断禁食通过促进线粒体生成与融合,增加OPA1蛋白表达,稳定线粒体嵴结构,从而增强大鼠心肌组织的耐缺氧能力。 展开更多
关键词 间断禁食 缺氧 线粒体 线粒体嵴 GTP磷酸水解酶 腺苷三磷酸 心室 线粒体动力学
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外源性一氧化氮通过亚硝基化抑制KATP通道活性 认领 引用
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作者 王雪飞 张羽鑫 +1 位作者 胡惟操 郝雪微 《生物医学工程学杂志》 EI CAS 北大核心 2026年第2期391-397,404,共7页
外源性一氧化氮(NO)对开放态ATP敏感性钾通道(KATP)的抑制作用及其机制尚不明确,本研究运用膜片钳与分子生物学技术对此展开探讨。在急性分离的大鼠肠系膜动脉平滑肌细胞及表达内向整流钾通道6.1亚体/磺脲类受体2B亚体(Kir6.1/SUR2B... 外源性一氧化氮(NO)对开放态ATP敏感性钾通道(KATP)的抑制作用及其机制尚不明确,本研究运用膜片钳与分子生物学技术对此展开探讨。在急性分离的大鼠肠系膜动脉平滑肌细胞及表达内向整流钾通道6.1亚体/磺脲类受体2B亚体(Kir6.1/SUR2B)的人胚肾293细胞(HEK293)中,发现硝普钠(SNP)可显著抑制开放状态的KATP通道活性;采用生物素标记的谷胱甘肽乙酯(BioGEE)结合免疫印迹技术检测发现,经SNP处理后Kir6.1亚基的谷胱甘肽化水平显著降低。这些结果表明,外源性NO通过亚硝基化修饰Kir6.1亚基的关键半胱氨酸残基,竞争性抑制该位点的谷胱甘肽化,从而直接抑制开放状态的KATP通道活性。本研究为NO在血管调节中的分子作用机制提供了新的实验证据。 展开更多
关键词 ATP敏感性钾离子通道 一氧化氮 亚硝基化 谷胱甘肽化
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高强度复合应激重塑青年男性肠道菌群并诱发炎症反应:一项纵向自身对照研究 认领 引用
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作者 赵勇 张俐娜 +2 位作者 姜红红 周兰英 朱军 《解放军医学杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2026年第7期1084-1090,共7页
目的探讨为期8周的高强度复合应激对青年男性肠道菌群和炎症因子水平的影响,并分析菌群变化与炎症指标的相关性。方法选取68名经历8周高强度复合应激的健康青年男性作为研究对象。分别于应激暴露开始前1 d及结束后1 d采集粪便及静脉血... 目的探讨为期8周的高强度复合应激对青年男性肠道菌群和炎症因子水平的影响,并分析菌群变化与炎症指标的相关性。方法选取68名经历8周高强度复合应激的健康青年男性作为研究对象。分别于应激暴露开始前1 d及结束后1 d采集粪便及静脉血样本。采用16S rRNA基因测序技术分析肠道菌群的多样性与组成;使用全自动血液分析仪检测血常规指标,包括红细胞计数(RBC)、血红蛋白(HGB)、白细胞计数(WBC)、中性粒细胞计数(NEUT)、淋巴细胞计数(LYMPH)及血小板计数(PLT),并计算中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR);并采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素(IL)-6、IL-8及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平。采用线性混合模型(LMM)分析肠道菌群丰度与炎症因子水平的关系。结果暴露后,由观测物种数和Chao1指数可见肠道菌群α多样性明显增加(P0.05)。LMM分析显示,Ruminococcus_E菌属丰度升高与TNF-α水平降低呈明显负相关(β=-16.86,95%CI-26.73~-7.00,P校正=0.007);Anaerobutyricum、Streptococcus丰度升高与TNF-α水平降低均呈趋势性负相关(P原始分别为0.037和0.022,P校正分别为0.087和0.078)。结论为期8周的高强度复合应激可显著改变健康男性的肠道菌群结构,并激活机体炎症反应。Ruminococcus_E等潜在抗炎菌属的富集,可能有助于部分对抗应激诱导的炎症反应,靶向调节肠道菌群或可为高应激人群的健康维护提供新思路。 展开更多
关键词 肠道菌群 炎症因子 应激
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铁死亡及铜死亡在纤维化疾病中的研究进展 认领 引用
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作者 王月 王鹏源 胡良皞 《海军军医大学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2026年第8期1083-1089,共7页
以铁死亡、铜死亡为中心的金属离子依赖的调控性细胞死亡通路在纤维化疾病中发挥关键作用。铁、铜离子的细胞摄取-储存-外排紊乱引起氧化还原失衡,继而激活经典及非经典TGF-β/Smad通路、驱动上皮-间质转化(EMT)与成纤维细胞-肌成纤维... 以铁死亡、铜死亡为中心的金属离子依赖的调控性细胞死亡通路在纤维化疾病中发挥关键作用。铁、铜离子的细胞摄取-储存-外排紊乱引起氧化还原失衡,继而激活经典及非经典TGF-β/Smad通路、驱动上皮-间质转化(EMT)与成纤维细胞-肌成纤维细胞转化(FMT)并促进损伤相关分子模式释放以放大炎症-纤维化环路,从而促进器官纤维化。线粒体三羧酸循环为铁、铜死亡共同交汇点。由此衍生的靶向干预策略(包括金属离子螯合剂、中药衍生物、小分子靶向药、纳米材料)通过重建金属离子稳态、阻断EMT/FMT及抑制氧化应激,显示出良好的抗纤维化潜力。 展开更多
关键词 金属离子 细胞死亡 纤维化 铁死亡 铜死亡
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程序性细胞坏死:从分子机制到疾病 认领 引用
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作者 宋新刚 宋国荣 +5 位作者 段云蔚 蒲燕珍 陈浩杰 贺源 蔡振宇 郭瑜峰 《生命科学研究》 CAS 2026年第2期95-108,共14页
程序性细胞坏死(necroptosis)是一种由死亡受体启动、不依赖于胱天蛋白酶(cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase,caspase)并由混合谱系激酶结构域样蛋白质(mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein,MLKL)介导的程序性细胞死亡方式... 程序性细胞坏死(necroptosis)是一种由死亡受体启动、不依赖于胱天蛋白酶(cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase,caspase)并由混合谱系激酶结构域样蛋白质(mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein,MLKL)介导的程序性细胞死亡方式,其在形态上表现出典型的坏死特征。该过程的核心信号通路始于死亡受体等信号的激活,关键步骤包括受体相互作用蛋白质激酶1(receptor-interacting protein kinase 1,RIPK1)与RIPK3形成复合体,进而招募并磷酸化下游关键效应蛋白质MLKL,最终导致质膜破裂。活化后的MLKL发生寡聚化并转位到质膜,通过直接成孔或间接调节离子通道的方式破坏膜完整性,引起细胞内物质外流和炎症反应。大量研究表明,程序性细胞坏死的调控异常与多种人类疾病的病理进程密切相关,包括炎症性疾病、免疫相关疾病、神经退行性疾病以及肿瘤等。本综述旨在系统总结程序性细胞坏死的分子机制、信号网络及其在相关疾病中的作用,以期为针对该通路的治疗策略提供理论支撑。 展开更多
关键词 程序性细胞坏死 炎症 人类疾病 分子机制 治疗策略
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活化血小板对内皮细胞凋亡损伤的作用研究 认领 引用
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作者 刘红利 李坤 +3 位作者 岳雯 位庚 梁俊清 田金悦 《医学分子生物学杂志》 CAS 2026年第3期258-265,共8页
目的探讨血小板活化对内皮细胞凋亡的影响。方法采集健康人静脉血制备静息血小板悬液和活化血小板悬液,体外培养内皮细胞,建立血小板与内皮细胞共培养模型。采用活细胞成像技术动态观察血小板活化后聚集、粘附、释放过程与内皮细胞凋亡... 目的探讨血小板活化对内皮细胞凋亡的影响。方法采集健康人静脉血制备静息血小板悬液和活化血小板悬液,体外培养内皮细胞,建立血小板与内皮细胞共培养模型。采用活细胞成像技术动态观察血小板活化后聚集、粘附、释放过程与内皮细胞凋亡改变过程,同时检测内皮细胞生存活性、线粒体膜电位变化。结果血小板活化后发生明显的聚集反应。与静息血小板相比,血小板活化后,血小板彼此聚集并向内皮细胞移动、粘附。活细胞成像系统观察到活化血小板可引起内皮细胞核浓染、固缩和边缘化,细胞核体积变小,核碎裂,出现凋亡小体。与静息血小板组比较,活化血小板组内皮细胞生存活性和线粒体膜电位降低。结论血小板活化可诱导内皮细胞凋亡损伤。 展开更多
关键词 血小板 内皮细胞 凋亡 活细胞成像系统
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Polyphenols in mtDNA Repair,Mitochondrial Biogenesis,and Mitophagy:An Integrative Review 认领 引用
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作者 Desirée Victoria-Montesinos Pablo Barcina-Pérez Ana María García-Muñoz 《BIOCELL》 SCIE 2026年第6期40-70,共31页
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a central hallmark of metabolic,hepatic,cardiovascular,and neurodegenerative diseases.Dietary polyphenols modulate mitochondrial pathways,but their integrated effects remain poorly appreci... Mitochondrial dysfunction is a central hallmark of metabolic,hepatic,cardiovascular,and neurodegenerative diseases.Dietary polyphenols modulate mitochondrial pathways,but their integrated effects remain poorly appreciated.This narrative review synthesizes preclinical and clinical evidence on four polyphenols(resveratrol,epigallocatechin-3-gallate,quercetin,and oleuropein)and examines their mechanisms in mitochondrial biogenesis,mtDNA protection,and mitophagy.Experimental studies indicate that these compounds activate conserved adaptive pathways,including sirtuin 1(SIRT1)and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha(PGC-1α),AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK),and PTEN-induced kinase 1(PINK1)with Parkin,therapy enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis,reducing oxidative stress,and promoting selective removal of damaged mitochondria.Evidence from human studies suggests improvements in endothelial function and metabolic flexibility,although direct human mitochondrial assessments remain scarce.Overall,dietary polyphenols appear to support mitochondrial quality control across multiple organs through coordinated signaling mechanisms.Critical limitations include bioavailability constraints and a lack of mitochondrial biomarkers in most clinical studies.Future investigations should incorporate advanced phenotyping and improved formulations to clarify the therapeutic potential of polyphenols as targeted modulators of mitochondrial health. 展开更多
关键词 Mitophagy mitochondrial biogenesis polyphenols oleuropein bioactive compounds
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Homeostasis and failure of mitochondria on the single-cell level 认领 引用
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作者 Kristina Friedland Kristina Endres 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第8期3555-3556,共2页
Mitochondria are the central organelles that allow eukaryotic cells to efficiently convert nutrients into energy for cellular functions such as anabolic reactions,movement,and regulation.A reduction in the number of m... Mitochondria are the central organelles that allow eukaryotic cells to efficiently convert nutrients into energy for cellular functions such as anabolic reactions,movement,and regulation.A reduction in the number of mitochondria or the occurrence of dysfunctional mitochondria leads to serious diseases such as the Leigh syndrome.However,such changes have also been connected to Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and many more diseases of different organ systems and occur during the aging process.Mitochondria are,therefore. 展开更多
关键词 eukaryotic cells homeostasis convert nutrients energy organ systems mitochondria central organelles anabolic reactionsmovementand single cell level
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Decoding disease signatures through glycomics: insights from cohort studies 认领 引用
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作者 Si Liu Yong Zhang 《MedScience》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第2期382-386,共5页
Glycosylation is a key post‑translational modification(PTM)of proteins,which influences many biological processes,including cell‑cell recognition,cell proliferation,and signal transduction.Recent studies have elucidat... Glycosylation is a key post‑translational modification(PTM)of proteins,which influences many biological processes,including cell‑cell recognition,cell proliferation,and signal transduction.Recent studies have elucidated the structural basis of regulated N‑glycosylation at the secretory translocon[1],expanding our understanding of fundamental biological activities.In China,glycoscience programs such as the Glycocode Project are being funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.Leveraging insights from glycoscience can significantly contribute to the advancement of personalized medicine by integrating genomics and proteomics[2].Aberrant glycan modifications can disrupt tumor cell growth and proliferation by altering extracellular signaling molecules and modulating cancer cell signaling pathways[3].These efforts aim to develop advanced tools for mapping human glycome at multiple levels.Profiling the glycome enhances our understanding of the mechanisms underlying physiologic and pathological processes during disease onset and progression. 展开更多
关键词 glycosylation secretory translocon expanding cell cell recognition post translational modification glycomics glycocode project protein disease signatures
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